Francisco Ignacio Madero González was a Mexican businessman, revolutionary, writer and statesman, who served as the 37th president of Mexico from 1911 until he was deposed in a coup d'état in February 1913 and assassinated. He came to prominence as an advocate for democracy and as an opponent of President and de facto dictator Porfirio Díaz. After Díaz claimed to have won the fraudulent election of 1910 despite promising a return to democracy, Madero started the Mexican Revolution to oust Díaz. The Mexican revolution would continue until 1920, well after Madero and Díaz's deaths, with hundreds of thousands dead.
The Mexican Revolution was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from 20 November 1910 to 1 December 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It saw the destruction of the Federal Army, its replacement by a revolutionary army, and the transformation of Mexican culture and government. The northern Constitutionalist faction prevailed on the battlefield and drafted the present-day Constitution of Mexico, which aimed to create a strong central government. Revolutionary generals held power from 1920 to 1940. The revolutionary conflict was primarily a civil war, but foreign powers, having important economic and strategic interests in Mexico, figured in the outcome of Mexico's power struggles; the U.S. involvement was particularly high. The conflict led to the deaths of around one million people, mostly non-combatants.
José Venustiano Carranza de la Garza, known as Venustiano Carranza, was a Mexican land owner and politician who served as President of Mexico from 1917 until his assassination in 1920, during the Mexican Revolution. He was previously Mexico's de facto head of state as Primer Jefe of the Constitutionalist faction from 1914 to 1917, and previously served as a senator and governor for Coahuila. He played the leading role in drafting the Constitution of 1917 and maintained Mexican neutrality in World War I.
Aquiles Serdán Alatriste was a Mexican politician. He was born in the city of Puebla, Puebla, and was a supporter of the Mexican Revolution led by Francisco I. Madero.
The Plan of San Luis Potosí is a key political document of the Mexican Revolution, written by presidential candidate Francisco I. Madero following his escape from jail. He had challenged President Porfirio Díaz in the 1910 presidential elections, when Díaz was 80 years old, and garnered a broadbased following. Díaz jailed him when it became clear Madero might win. Madero escaped and drafted the plan to explain why armed rebellion against Díaz was now the only way to remove him from office. It was published on 5 October 1910. It called for nullifying the fraudulent 1910 election of Porfirio Díaz, proclaimed Madero as provisional president, and called on the Mexican people to revolt on 20 November 1910.
Abraham González de Hermosillo y Casavantes was the provisional and constitutional governor of the Mexican state of Chihuahua during the early period of the Mexican Revolution. He was the political mentor of the revolutionary Pancho Villa, whom he had met and befriended before the revolution.
The Plan of Ayala was a document drafted by revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata during the Mexican Revolution. In it, Zapata denounced President Francisco Madero for his perceived betrayal of the revolutionary ideals embodied in Madero's Plan de San Luis Potosí, and set out his vision of land reform. The Plan was first proclaimed on November 28, 1911, in the town of Ayala, Morelos, and was later amended on June 19, 1914. The Plan of Ayala was a key document during the revolution and influenced land reform in Mexico during the 1920s and 1930s. It was the fundamental text of the Zapatistas.
In Mexican history, a plan was a declaration of principles announced in conjunction with a rebellion, usually armed, against the central government of the country. Mexican plans were often more formal than the pronunciamientos that were their equivalent elsewhere in Spanish America and Spain. Some were as detailed as the United States Declaration of Independence. Some plans simply announced that the current government was null and void and that the signer of the plan was the new president.
The Mexican Liberal Party was founded in August 1900 when engineer Camilo Arriaga published a manifesto entitled Invitacion al Partido Liberal. The invitation was addressed to Mexican liberals who were dissatisfied with the way the government of Porfirio Díaz was deviating from the liberal Constitution of 1857. Arriaga called on Mexican liberals to form local liberal clubs, which would then send delegates to a liberal convention.
Estadio de Beisbol Veinte de Noviembre is a stadium in San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico. It is primarily used for baseball, and is the home field of the San Luis Potosí Tuneros Mexican League baseball team. It holds 6,500 people. By now, it is also used for concerts and mass audience events. It is named to commemorate Día de la Revolución: 20 November 1910, which marked the start of the Mexican Revolution.
José María Pino Suárez was a lawyer, journalist, newspaper proprietor, and politician who served as the 7th and last Vice President of Mexico from 1911 to 1913, until his assassination alongside President Francisco I. Madero during the Ten Tragic Days, a coup that marked a decisive turning point in the nation's history and solidified his legacy as a martyr of the Mexican Revolution. In addition to the vice presidency, Pino Suárez held several notable political roles, including President of the Senate, Education Secretary, Justice Secretary, and Governor of Yucatán. A staunch advocate for democracy and social justice, he used both his political career and his journalism to champion these causes. For his unwavering dedication to these principles and his ultimate sacrifice, Pino Suárez is considered as a National Hero in Mexico and is affectionately remembered as "El Caballero de la Lealtad".
Dolores Jiménez y Muro was a Mexican schoolteacher and revolutionary. A native of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico, she rose to prominence during the Mexican Revolution as a Socialist activist and reformer and as a supporter and associate of General Emiliano Zapata.
The Monument to the Revolution is a memorial arch commemorating the Mexican Revolution. It is located in the Plaza de la República, near the heart of the major thoroughfares Paseo de la Reforma and Avenida de los Insurgentes in downtown Mexico City.
Luis Vicente Cabrera Lobato was a Mexican lawyer, politician and writer. His pen name for his political essays was "Lic. Blas Urrea"; the more literary works he wrote as "Lucas Rivera". During the late presidency of Porfirio Díaz, he was a vocal critic of the regime. He became an important civilian intellectual in the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920).
Antonio Diaz Soto y Gama was a Mexican politician and revolutionary during the Mexican Revolution.
General Juan Carrasco (1878–1922) was a Mexican rancher and military officer who participated in the Mexican Revolution. He was Chief of Military Operations of Baja California, Sonora, Sinaloa, and Nayarit.
Manifiesto a la Nación is a document written by Francisco I. Madero on 5 October 1910 in San Luis Potosí, México. The text begins with a message directed to the Mexican people and describes a plan in twelve articles. The first article declares invalid the elections from June and July 1910 for president, vice president, magistrates to the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, deputies and senators. In the second article he disowned the government of Porfirio Díaz and all the authorities unelected by the people.
General elections were held in Mexico on 26 June and 10 July 1910.
General elections were held in Mexico on 1 and 15 October 1911.
In the history of Mexico, the Plan Orozquista was a plan issued by revolutionary general Pascual Orozco on 25 March 1912. It is sometimes called the Plan of the Empacadora, since it was signed in a cotton factory. In it, Orozco repudiated the government of President Francisco I. Madero, which he charged had betrayed the Mexican Revolution.
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