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More than 1,500 African American officeholders served during the Reconstruction era (1865–1877) and in the years after Reconstruction before white supremacy, disenfranchisement, and the Democratic Party fully reasserted control in Southern states. Historian Canter Brown Jr. noted that in some states, such as Florida, the highest number of African Americans were elected or appointed to offices after the end of Reconstruction in 1877. The following is a partial list of notable African American officeholders from the end of the Civil War until before 1900. Dates listed are the year that a term states or the range of years served if multiple terms.
Simeon Farr was an American politician who was elected as a state representative in 1868 in South Carolina during the Reconstruction era. He represented Union County, South Carolina. His photograph was used in a composite of Radical Republican officials from South Carolina. His name is spelled Simon Farr in an 1868 House document.
Powell Smythe was a member of the South Carolina General Assembly during the Reconstruction era. He represented Clarendon County, South Carolina.
Barney Burton was a legislator in South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1868 and 1870. He represented Chester County, South Carolina.
Elias Evander Dickson was a state senator in South Carolina serving during the Reconstruction era. He served as chairman of the committee on agriculture. He was white.
William R. Hoyt was a state senator in South Carolina during the Reconstruction era from 1868 until 1870. He represented Colleton County. He was from Massachusetts.
Henry W. Webb was a political leader in Reconstruction era South Carolina. He was a delegate to the South Carolina Constitutional Convention of 1868 and elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives the same year.
Richard H. Humbert, also known as Richard Humbird, was a carpenter, soldier, minister, merchant and delegate from Darlington County to South Carolina's 1868 Constitutional Convention. He also served multiple terms as a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives. He served in the U.S. Colored Infantry during the American Civil War and was in a regiment stationed in South Carolina during the conflict.
Monroe E. Hawkins was a state legislator in Arkansas. He attended the 1868 Arkansas Constitutional Convention and served in the Arkansas House of Representatives. A Republican, he represented Lafayette County, Arkansas. He served in the House from 1868 to 1869 and 1873 to 1874.
Barney Humphries was an A.M.E. minister and state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Chester County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1868 to 1872. in 1868 along with Sancho Sanders and Barney Burton. He and other African American state legislators were honored in a concurrent resolution in the South Carolina legislature in 2007.
Henry Waterman Warren was an American teacher, plantation owner, tanner, judge, and politician. He wrote an account of his time as a carpetbagger.
Reuben D. Gaither (1831-1919) was a state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Kershaw County in the South Carolina House of Representatives 1870-1877.
James Pinckney Scales was a lawyer and state legislator in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives including as Speaker of the House. He was from a prominent family. He was a Confederate officer during the American Civil War.
Harry B. Eaton was a state legislator in North Carolina. He lived in Williamsboro, North Carolina. He was African American. He served in the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1883. He was re-elected to serve a term in 1885 before losing an election for a state senate seat.
W. T. J. Hayes, sometimes documented as H. T. J. Hayes, was a public official and state legislator in North Carolina. He served in the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1868 for Halifax County, North Carolina. He was a signatory of North Carolina's 1868 Constitution. He was a Republican.
Lewis Thomas Christmas was a reverend, teacher, school principal and state legislator in North Carolina. He represented Warren County, North Carolina, in the North Carolina House of Representatives from 1879 to 1880.
Ivey Hutchings was a state legislator in North Carolina. He was African American. He was one of three representatives for Halifax County, North Carolina in 1868. He served in the Committee on Corporations.
Isham Sweat was a state legislator in North Carolina. He served in the North Carolina House of Representatives representing Cumberland County.
Thomas Jefferson Pitchford Sr. was a state legislator in North Carolina. He represented Warren County, North Carolina in the North Carolina House of Representatives and for several terms in the North Carolina Senate. He was a Democrat. He proposed a bill to make it possible to enslave free blacks.
John G. Marler was a state legislator in North Carolina. He served two terms in the North Carolina House of Representatives and then served in the North Carolina Senate.
References
- ↑ Wellman, Manly Wade (October 10, 2017). The County of Warren, North Carolina, 1586-1917. UNC Press Books. ISBN 9781469617077 – via Google Books.
- ↑ "North Carolina State House of Representatives - 1870-1872". www.carolana.com.
- ↑ State, North Carolina Secretary of (December 29, 1874). "North Carolina Manual" – via Google Books.
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