Richard Kolodner

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Richard D. Kolodner
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Richard David Kolodner is an American scientist with Ludwig Cancer Research who has made research contributions to the genetic basis for inherited susceptibility to common cancers. He is a Distinguished Professor of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the UC San Diego School of Medicine. Kolodner is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Medicine, and he is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Biography

Kolodner earned an undergraduate degree and a Ph.D. at University of California, Irvine. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard Medical School, where he studied DNA replication. After joining the faculty at Harvard Medical School and Dana–Farber Cancer Institute in 1978 and establishing his own laboratory, he focused his research on DNA recombination. [1] He became chair of the Charles A. Dana Division of Human Cancer Genetics in 1995. He joined the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch in 1997. [2]

Kolodner has made fundamental contributions to the understanding of the mechanisms of genetic recombination, [3] DNA mismatch repair [4] and the pathways that prevent genome instability. [5] While studying DNA repair in bacteria and yeast, Kolodner identified two DNA mismatch repair genes, MSH2 and MLH1, that lead to 95 percent of hereditary colon cancer cases. In both cases, Kolodner reported his findings simultaneously with Bert Vogelstein at Johns Hopkins University. [1] Kolodner also discovered that epigenetic silencing of MLH1 is the cause of much more common sporadic mismatch repair defective cancers. [6]

Kolodner was the Director of Ludwig Cancer Research San Diego Branch, [7] and he is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the UC San Diego School of Medicine. [6]

He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2000. [8] He has also been elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences [9] and a member of the National Academy of Medicine. He is a past recipient of the Charles S. Mott Prize for Outstanding Research in Cancer Causation or Prevention, awarded by the General Motors Cancer Research Foundation [10] and the Kirk A. Landon-AACR Prize in Basic Cancer Research. [11]

Kolodner was one of six UCSD faculty members to sue the institution over a planned reduction in funding to the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of California, San Diego</span> Public research university in San Diego, California

The University of California, San Diego is a public land-grant research university in San Diego, California, United States. Established in 1960 near the pre-existing Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, UC San Diego is the southernmost of the ten campuses of the University of California. It offers over 200 undergraduate and graduate degree programs, enrolling 33,096 undergraduate and 9,872 graduate students, with the second largest student housing capacity in the nation. The university occupies 2,178 acres (881 ha) near the Pacific coast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DNA mismatch repair</span> System for fixing base errors of DNA replication

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a system for recognizing and repairing erroneous insertion, deletion, and mis-incorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination, as well as repairing some forms of DNA damage.

UC San Diego Health is the academic health system of the University of California, San Diego in San Diego, California. It is the only academic health system serving San Diego and has one of three adult Level I trauma centers in the region. In operation since 1966, it comprises three major hospitals: UC San Diego Medical Center in Hillcrest, Jacobs Medical Center in La Jolla, and East Campus Medical Center at UC San Diego Health in East County. The La Jolla campus also includes the Moores Cancer Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, and Koman Family Outpatient Pavilion, and the health system also includes several outpatient sites located throughout San Diego County. UC San Diego Health works closely with the university's School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy to provide training to medical and pharmacy students and advanced clinical care to patients.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">MSH2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2 also known as MutS homolog 2 or MSH2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MSH2 gene, which is located on chromosome 2. MSH2 is a tumor suppressor gene and more specifically a caretaker gene that codes for a DNA mismatch repair (MMR) protein, MSH2, which forms a heterodimer with MSH6 to make the human MutSα mismatch repair complex. It also dimerizes with MSH3 to form the MutSβ DNA repair complex. MSH2 is involved in many different forms of DNA repair, including transcription-coupled repair, homologous recombination, and base excision repair.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MLH1</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1 or MutL protein homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH1 gene located on chromosome 3. The gene is commonly associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Orthologs of human MLH1 have also been studied in other organisms including mouse and the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MSH6</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

MSH6 or mutS homolog 6 is a gene that codes for DNA mismatch repair protein Msh6 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is the homologue of the human "G/T binding protein," (GTBP) also called p160 or hMSH6. The MSH6 protein is a member of the Mutator S (MutS) family of proteins that are involved in DNA damage repair.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PMS2 gene.

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References

  1. 1 2 Kolata, Gina (May 3, 1994). "Scientist at work". The New York Times . Retrieved January 2, 2016.
  2. ↑ "Richard D. Kolodner, PhD". American Association for Cancer Research . Retrieved January 2, 2016.
  3. ↑ "UCSD Cancer Center scientist elected to National Academy of Sciences". UCSD Health Sciences. Reagents of the University of California. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  4. ↑ Stringer, Nancy. "UCSD Cancer Researcher Richard D. Kolodner Honored with Landon-AACR Prize for Basic Cancer Research". UCSD News Center. Regents of the University of California. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  5. ↑ Benowitz, Steve. "Researchers Uncover Potential Mechanisms to Protect Against Genetic Alterations, Diseases". UC San Diego News Center. Regents of the University of California. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  6. 1 2 "Richard Kolodner, Ph.D." Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
  7. ↑ "Richard Kolodner selected as new director of Ludwig Cancer Research San Diego Branch". Our Story News Releases. Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  8. ↑ "Richard D. Kolodner". National Academy of Sciences . Retrieved January 2, 2016.
  9. ↑ "Drs. Richard D. Kolodner and Samuel I. Rapaport Are New Fellows of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences". News from the Department of Medicine. Regents of the University of California. 12 May 2008. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  10. ↑ "Two Biochemists Win Charles S. Mott Prize for Outstanding Research in Cancer Causation or Prevention". Cancer Network. UBM Media LLC. August 1996. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  11. ↑ "Kirk A. Landon-AACR Prize for Basic Cancer Research Recipients". AACR. American Association for Cancer Research. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  12. ↑ Price, Michael (7 February 2020). "Major cancer institute sued by its own researchers over 'tapering' funding". Science | AAAS.
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