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Politics of the Bailiwick of Guernsey take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic British Crown dependency.
The Bailiff is the chief justice in each of the Channel Island bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey, also serving as president of the legislature and having ceremonial and executive functions. Each bailiwick has possessed its own bailiff since the islands were divided into two jurisdictions in the 13th century. The bailiffs and deputy bailiffs are appointed by the Crown on the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice and may hold office until retirement age.
The title Bailiff of Guernsey has been used since at least the 13th century and indicated the leading citizen of Guernsey.
The Bailiff of Jersey has several roles:
The jurats are lay people in Guernsey and Jersey who act as judges of fact rather than law, though they preside over land conveyances and liquor licensing. In Alderney, however, the jurats are judges of both fact and law in both civil and criminal matters.
Sir Philip Martin Bailhache KC is a Jersey politician and lawyer.
The lieutenant governor of Guernsey is the representative of the British monarch in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a Crown dependency of the British Crown. The role of the lieutenant governor is to act as the de facto head of state in Guernsey and as liaison between the governments of Guernsey and the United Kingdom. The holder of this office is also ex officio a member of the States of Guernsey but may not vote and, by convention, speaks in the Chamber only on appointment and on departure from post. The duties are primarily diplomatic and ceremonial. He has the authority to appointment two members of the board of governors of Elizabeth College and the Priaulx Library.
Sir Geoffrey Robert Rowland was the Bailiff of Guernsey from 2005 to 2012.
The law of Jersey has been influenced by several different legal traditions, in particular Norman customary law, English common law and modern French civil law. The Bailiwick of Jersey is a separate jurisdiction from that of the United Kingdom, and is also distinct from that of the other Channel Islands such as Guernsey, although they do share some historical developments. Jersey's legal system is 'mixed' or 'pluralistic', and sources of law are in French and English languages, although since the 1950s the main working language of the legal system is English.
Politics of Alderney takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic British Crown dependency, whereby the President of the States of Alderney is the head of government. Alderney is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey but is largely self-governing.
Sir Michael Cameron St John Birt, KC was the 88th Bailiff of Jersey in the Channel Islands.
The judiciary of Jersey is a branch of the government of Jersey that interprets and applies the laws of Jersey, to ensure equal justice under law, and to provide a mechanism for dispute resolution. The Bailiff of Jersey is the President of the Royal Court. Individual trials are heard by the Bailiff, the Deputy Bailiff or a Commissioner. The Master of the Royal Court deals with some preliminary matters in civil cases. The Court is supported by the Judicial Greffier who acts as the registrar. In addition to the judge, the Royal Court includes a number of volunteer Jurats. The Jurats decide issues of fact in criminal and civil trials, hand down sentences in criminal trials and award damages in civil trials. All judges in Jersey are bound by a code of conduct, introduced in 2007, which requires them to "uphold the integrity and independence of the judiciary and perform their duties with competence, diligence and dedication".
Sir Mark David John Warby PC, styled The Rt Hon. Lord Justice Warby, is a Lord Justice of Appeal.
Sir de Vic Graham Carey was Bailiff of Guernsey from 1999 to 2005. He is the son of advocate Victor Michael Graham de Vic ("Michael") Carey and Jean.
The Courts of Guernsey are responsible for the administration of justice in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, one of the Channel Islands. They apply the law of the Island, which is a mixture of customary law dating back as far as the 10th century and legislation passed by the legislature, the States of Deliberation.
Sir William James Bailhache KC is a Jersey lawyer and judge.
Sir Richard Collas was Bailiff of Guernsey from 2012 until his retirement in 2020.
Megan Pullum, QC is a British-born lawyer practising in Guernsey who has been HM Procureur and Receiver General (Attorney-General) on the island since 2016.
Prior to the 20th Century, there were few women in law in the United Kingdom. Prior to the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919, women were not permitted to practice law in the United Kingdom. By 1931 there were around 100 female solicitors. The first female-only law partnership was founded in 1933. In 2010, a report by The Lawyer found that 22 percent of partners at the UK's top 100 firms were women; a follow-up report in 2015 found that figure had not changed. Since 2014, a number of large corporate firms of solicitors have set gender diversity targets to increase the percentage of women within their partnerships. By 2019, 51% of British solicitors were women.
References
- ↑ "New Guernsey Bailiff Richard McMahon sworn in at virtual ceremony". BBC . 11 May 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2024.
- ↑ "First female Deputy Bailiff of Guernsey sworn in". BBC . 13 May 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2024.
- 1 2 3 "Meet Guernsey's new Bailiff". ITV News. 24 April 2019.
- ↑ "Hello Goodbye" (PDF). The Abingdonian.
- ↑ "OA Notes" (PDF). The Abingdonian.
- 1 2 3 Mann, Nick (24 April 2019). "Deputy Bailiff will take on top position in May 2020". Guernsey Press.
- ↑ "The Bailiff of Guernsey, Richard James McMahon". Royal Court of Guernsey. Archived from the original on 8 December 2024. Retrieved 8 December 2024.
- ↑ "No. 64082". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 June 2023. p. B2.