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A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry, the branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, study, and treatment of mental disorders. Psychiatrists are physicians and evaluate patients to determine whether their symptoms are the result of a physical illness, a combination of physical and mental ailments or strictly mental issues. Sometimes a psychiatrist works within a multi-disciplinary team, which may comprise clinical psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists, and nursing staff. Psychiatrists have broad training in a bio-psycho-social approach to the assessment and management of mental illness.
Forensic psychiatry is a subspeciality of psychiatry and is related to criminology. It encompasses the interface between law and psychiatry. According to the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, it is defined as "a subspecialty of psychiatry in which scientific and clinical expertise is applied in legal contexts involving civil, criminal, correctional, regulatory, or legislative matters, and in specialized clinical consultations in areas such as risk assessment or employment." A forensic psychiatrist provides services – such as determination of competency to stand trial – to a court of law to facilitate the adjudicative process and provide treatment, such as medications and psychotherapy, to criminals.
Elissa Panush Benedek is an American psychiatrist specializing in child and adolescent psychiatry and forensic psychiatry. She is an adjunct clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Michigan Medical Center. She served as director of research and training at the Center for Forensic Psychiatry in Ann Arbor for 25 years and was president of the American Psychiatric Association from 1990 to 1991. She is regarded as an expert on child abuse and trauma, and has testified in high-profile court cases. She also focuses on ethics, psychiatric aspects of disasters and terrorism, and domestic violence. In addition to her own books, book chapters, and articles, she has collaborated with her husband, attorney Richard S. Benedek, on studies of divorce, child custody, and child abuse.
Richard Alan Gardner was an American child psychiatrist known for his work in psychotherapy with children, parental alienation and child custody evaluations. Based on his clinical work with children and families, Gardner introduced the term Parental alienation syndrome (PAS), which are now "largely rejected by most credible professionals." He wrote 41 books and more than 200 journal articles and book chapters, although most of his work was self-published, non-peer-reviewed, and anecdotal. He developed child play therapy and test materials which he published through his company Creative Therapeutics. Gardner was an expert witness in child custody cases. Gardner and his work have been largely denounced as biased efforts by a suspected child sexual abuser himself to justify the abuse of children, beginning with sexual abuse but now encompassing all forms of abuse. Rightfully, PAS has not been recognized by the American Psychiatric Association or any other medical or professional association, but its misuse in family courts has led to widespread dismissal of legitimate testimonies regarding abuse and to the deaths of hundreds of children per year ultimately being murdered by the abusive parent.
In United States and Canadian law, competence concerns the mental capacity of an individual to participate in legal proceedings or transactions, and the mental condition a person must have to be responsible for his or her decisions or acts. Competence is an attribute that is decision-specific. Depending on various factors which typically revolve around mental function integrity, an individual may or may not be competent to make a particular medical decision, a particular contractual agreement, to execute an effective deed to real property, or to execute a will having certain terms.
The Institute of Living is a comprehensive psychiatric facility in Hartford, Connecticut, that offers care across the spectrum of psychiatric services, including:
Martin Keller is an American psychiatrist. He is Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at Brown Medical School in Providence, Rhode Island.
Marcus Jacob Goldman, is a physician, board certified in psychiatry with past certifications in addiction, forensic and geriatric psychiatry and is also a writer. Goldman received his medical degree from the State University of New York Upstate Medical University in 1986.
Alan Abraham Stone was an American psychiatrist who was the Touroff-Glueck Professor of Law and Psychiatry (Emeritus) at the Harvard Law School. His writing and teaching has focused on professional medical ethics, issues at the intersection of law and psychiatry, and the topic of violence in both law and in psychiatry. Stone served as president of the American Psychiatric Association. He also served for a number of years as the film critic for the Boston Review.
Hans Steiner is professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, child and adolescent psychiatry and human development at Stanford University, School of Medicine. In 2010 he was awarded Lifetime Distinguished Fellow by the American Psychiatric Association.
Adjudicative competence, also referred to as competence to stand trial, is a legal construct describing the criminal defendant's ability to understand and participate in legal proceedings. This includes the defendant's current ability to participate in various pleas and waivers of rights. It is unrelated to any possibility of an insanity plea. It is also unrelated to the ability of the defendant to represent himself, or to any evaluation of mitigation factors. The definition of adjudicative competence was provided by the United States Supreme Court in Dusky v. United States.
Paul Stuart Appelbaum is an American psychiatrist and a leading expert on legal and ethical issues in medicine and psychiatry.
Harold Samuel Koplewicz is a nationally known child and adolescent psychiatrist. He is the founder and president of the nonprofit Child Mind Institute and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology.
Frederick "Fred" Saul Berlin is an American psychiatrist and sexologist specializing in sex offenses.
The American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law (AAPL) is a professional organization in the field of forensic psychiatry.
Barbara J. Justice-Muhammad is a forensic and clinical psychiatrist as well as a surgical oncologist. The first African-American woman to be trained in general surgery at Columbia University Medical Center. She has worked at Harlem Hospital, Abundant Life Clinic and at Memorial Sloane Kettering sites in New York. She is well known for her long-running New York radio show, Medical View and You, and was honored in 1996 when Mayor David Dinkins proclaimed a citywide Barbara Justice Day for her contribution to the health of the community.
Jeanne Marybeth Spurlock was an American psychiatrist, professor and author. She served as the deputy medical director of the American Psychiatric Association for seventeen years. She chaired the Department of Psychiatry at Meharry Medical College starting in 1968, and she taught at George Washington University and Howard University. She also operated her own private psychiatry practice, and she published several works.
Steven Pitt was an American forensic psychiatrist.
Patrice Harris is an American psychiatrist and the first African-American woman to be elected president of the American Medical Association. She was elected the 174th president in June 2019.
Barry Keith Herman, M.D., M.M.M., CPE, DLFAPA, DLFAACAP, FACPE is an American board certified adult and child and adolescent psychiatrist, psychiatric administrator, and physician executive. He currently is Chief Medical Officer of Atentiv Health, a digital health specialty provider, since March, 2020. Immediately prior, he was Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer of Tris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in Monmouth Junction, NJ. He left this position at Tris in January 2020. Herman's interests include psychiatric administration and management, healthcare policy, and psychopharmacological research. He has spoken and written frequently on the topic of physician leadership and management. He is the author of over 100 scientific abstracts and manuscripts, and is frequently quoted in the media. His psychiatric research has been widely cited. Herman is the Past President of the American Association of Psychiatric Administrators (now called the American Association for Psychiatric Administration and Leadership, and currently serves on its Executive Council. He is the recipient of the 2017 American Psychiatric Association Administrative Psychiatry Award.
References
- ↑ Reeves R (2006). Richard Rosner, MD: Pioneer in Forensic Psychiatry. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 34:150–3, 2006
- ↑ Farr B (August 9, 1981). 2 Experts to Evaluate Case Against Buono. Los Angeles Times
- ↑ Toufexis A (February 3, 1992). Trials: Do Mad Acts a Madman Make? Time
