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References
- ↑ "CBC News In Depth: Canadian government". Cbc.ca. June 27, 2007. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
- ↑ "Will Toupin be a team player for NDP?". The Gazette . Ottawa, Ontario. The Canadian Press. December 17, 1986. p. B1. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
- ↑ "Quebec MP quits Conservatives to sit as independent". and "Quebec Conservative MP quits to sit as independent". The Gazette . Ottawa, Ontario. May 15, 1986. pp. A1 –A2. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
- ↑ McGillivray, Don (December 18, 1986). "Cheap and easy Quebec seat may hurt the NDP". The Hamilton Spectator . Ottawa, Ontario. Southam News. p. A6. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
- ↑ Block, Irwin (December 17, 1986). "Toupin faces fight to hold seat". The Gazette . Repentigny, Quebec. p. B1. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
- ↑ "Quebec MP quits NDP, citing extremism faction". The Star-Phoenix . Ottawa, Ontario. The Canadian Press. October 27, 1987. p. A12. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
- ↑ Conway, J.F. (November 12, 1987). "Toupin was bad political retreat for Broadbent". Waterloo Region Record . Waterloo, Ontario. p. A7. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
- ↑ Cohn, Martin (October 27, 1987). "Lone Quebec NDP MP quits party after bitter dispute with Broadbent". Toronto Star . Ottawa, Ontario. p. A10. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
- ↑ "St. Germain, five other ministers defeated". Vancouver Sun . Ottawa, Ontario. November 22, 1988. p. A2. Retrieved March 15, 2024– via newspapers.com.
