Saint Romedius | |
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Born | Thaur, Raetia Secunda, Italy, Roman Empire (today Austria) |
Died | c. 4th century Val di Non, Italy |
Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
Feast | January 15 |
Attributes | depicted riding a bear; alongside a bear; tamed bear |
Saint Romedius (Italian : San Romedio). Though the son of a nobleman, as a young man he withdrew to a rock cave in order to meditate. After the death of his parents, he gave away all of his possessions and established himself in the Val di Non (German : Nonstal) in Trentino.
Romedius was the son of a noble family, born in the area of a Roman military station, near Innsbruck, in what is now Thaur, Austria. After a pilgrimage to Rome, Romedius gave all his possessions to the Church, withdrawing into a hermitage in some grottoes in the Val di Non. he was accompanied by two companions, Abraham and David. Although the legend says that Romedius died c. 4th century, some think that he was born in the first decades of the 11th century. [1]
Romedius is often depicted alongside or astride a bear. According to his hagiography he wanted to visit the friend of his youth, St. Vigilius, Bishop of Trento (who died in 405), but his horse was torn to pieces by a wild bear. Romedius, however, had the bear bridled by his disciple David (Davide). The bear became docile and carried Romedius on its back to Trento. [2]
A similar tale is told of Saint Psalmodius [3] and of Lucanus of Sabiona. The tamed bear is a motif also of Saint Corbinian, bishop of Freising. [4]
Upon Romedius' death, his disciples carved his burial place into the rock by the grotto where he had lived, a site that was soon visited by pilgrims. [5] The Sanctuary of San Romedio grew from the little church that was built to venerate him to a popular pilgrimage shrine. The Santuario di San Romedio is across the lake from Cles at the head of the Val di Non, above the village of Sanzeno. The sanctuary where Romedio lived with his bear companion is a complex of several churches, from the Romanesque period to the 20th century beyond a gateway in the forested slopes. Votive offerings of crutches line the walls of the narrow stone stairwell up to the highest chapel, said to mark the site of the saint's retreat.
His local cult, which consolidated itself in the course of the 11th century, was officially recognized in the twelfth by the Bishop of Trento. In 1795, permission was given to read masses in his name in the diocese of Brixen, which at that time included the Northern Tyrol. His cult remains popular in Trentino, South Tyrol, Bavaria, and the Austrian Tyrol.
In remembrance of this legend, in 1958 Italian Senator G. G. Gallarati Scotti, honorary member of the committee for the foundation of the World Wildlife Fund in Italy, purchased Charlie, a bear intended to be killed, and donated it to the Sanctuary of San Romedio, in the Valle di Non. [6]
Today, the Province of Trentino protects the last brown bears of the Alps in the Adamello-Brenta National Park, and, near the Sanctuary, takes care of young bears born in captivity in Trentino.
In the work known as Illustrissimi , a collection of letters written by Pope John Paul I when he was Patriarch of Venice, Romedius' bear is one of the "recipients" of the letters.
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Gatianus in the third century AD was the founding bishop of the see of Tours. He was one of the "seven apostles of Gaul" commissioned by Pope Fabian to evangelize in the region.
Trentino is an autonomous province of Italy in the country's far north. Trentino and South Tyrol constitute the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, an autonomous region under the constitution. The province is composed of 166 comuni. Its capital is the city of Trento (Trent). The province covers an area of more than 6,000 km2 (2,300 sq mi), with a total population of 541,098 in 2019. Trentino is renowned for its mountains, such as the Dolomites, which are part of the Alps.
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Mezzocorona, is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of the city of Trento and within 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) of the Südtirol border.
Kurtatsch an der Weinstraße, often abbreviated to Kurtatsch or Cortaccia, is a comune (municipality) and a village in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of the city of Bolzano. Kurtatsch is one of the southernmost villages in the German-speaking area.
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Bessus, sometimes Besse, is venerated as a member of the legendary Theban Legion, whose members were led by Maurice and were martyred for their Christian faith in the 3rd century.
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The Districts of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol are a subdivision of the two Italian autonomous provinces of Trento (Trentino) and Bolzano. They were established by a decree of the President of Italy on 10 June 1955.
The Sanctuary of San Romedio is a sanctuary dedicated to Saint Romedius situated on a steep rocky spur in the natural scenery of the Val di Non, on the borders of the comuni of Sanzeno and Coredo, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy.
Giovanni Baschenis (1471–1503) was an Italian painter whose name is combined with that of his brother Battista, also a painter.