The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) are the military forces of the Philippines. It consists of three main service branches;the Army,the Air Force,and the Navy. The President of the Philippines is the Commander-in-Chief of the AFP and forms military policy with the Department of National Defense,an executive department acting as the principal organ by which military policy is carried out,while the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines serves as the overall commander and the highest-ranking officer in the AFP.
The Philippine Constabulary was a gendarmerie-type military police force of the Philippines from 1901 to 1991,and the predecessor to the Philippine National Police. It was created by the American occupational government to replace the Spanish colonial Guardia Civil,happened on the 19th century history of the Philippines. It was the first of the four branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. On January 29,1991,it was merged with the Integrated National Police to form the Philippine National Police.
Fabian Crisologo Ver was a Filipino military officer who served as the Commanding Officer of the Armed Forces of the Philippines under President Ferdinand Marcos.
Rolex 12 is the collective name of twelve of the closest and most powerful advisers of President Ferdinand Marcos during the martial law years in the Philippines from 1972 to 1981.
The 1st Infantry Division,Philippine Army,nicknamed Tabak Division,is the Philippine Army's primary infantry unit,and specializes in anti-guerrilla warfare. The division has been involved in combating terrorists in Southern Mindanao.
The 2nd Infantry Division,Philippine Army nicknamed Jungle Fighter,is the Philippine Army's primary infantry unit specializing in jungle warfare.
The New People's Army rebellion is an ongoing conflict between the government of the Philippines and the New People's Army (NPA),which is the armed wing of the Marxist–Leninist–Maoist Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). It is the world's longest ongoing communist insurgency,and is the largest,most prominent communist armed conflict in the Philippines,seeing more than 43,000 insurgency-related fatalities between 1969 and 2008. Because the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP) which is the legal wing of the CPP,is often associated with the conflict,it is often also called the CPP-NPA-NDF conflict,or simply the C/N/N conflict,especially in the context of peace talks with the Philippine government.
Martial law in the Philippines refers to the various historical instances in which the Philippine head of state placed all or part of the country under military control—most prominently during the administration of Ferdinand Marcos,but also during the Philippines' colonial period,during the second world war,and more recently on the island of Mindanao during the administrations of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and Rodrigo Duterte. The alternative term "martial law era" as applied to the Philippines is typically used to describe the Marcos martial law period specifically.
Brig. Gen. Marcos Gulapa Soliman was a Philippine military officer who served as superintendent of the Philippine Military Academy,Commanding General of the Philippine Army,and upon leaving military service,chief of the National Intelligence Coordinating Agency. He is best remembered in history as the then-anonymous whistleblower who exposed the plans of then-Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos to place the Republic of the Philippines under Martial Law.
The Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (CSAFP) is the highest-ranking military officer and the head of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP),including all service branches under its command. The position is usually held by a four-star rank of General or Admiral. Its direct equivalent in the US Armed Forces is the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Unlike its US counterpart,which is merely supervisory,the Chief of Staff has complete operational control within the military hierarchy and is responsible for the overall operations of the AFP.
Voltaire Tuvera Gazmin is a retired Filipino soldier who was the 35th Secretary of the Department of National Defense of the Philippines. Gazmin assumed office on 1 July 2010,after President Benigno S. Aquino III had issued the former's appointment the day before.
1972 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 1972.
Manuel Tirso Tecson Yan,Sr. was a Cabinet Secretary of the Aquino,Ramos and Estrada administrations,World War II veteran and Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines from 1968 until 1972. He was said to be the last replaced official and obstacle to Ferdinand Marcos,and whose resignation made it possible for the ex-President to declare martial law in 1972. He holds the singular Philippine Government Record of continuous longest serving public Officer from April 1937 to January 2001 or a total 63 years and 9 months spanning twelve Philippine Presidents.
Batas Militar is a 1997 Filipino television documentary film about martial law under Ferdinand Marcos,and the ouster movement against him,the People Power Revolution. The film was directed by Jon Red and Jeannette Ifurung,with the former focusing on dramatizations and narrated by Joonee Gamboa.
Carlito Guancing Galvez Jr. is a retired Philippine Army general serving as the Senior Undersecretary and briefly as officer-in-charge of the Department of National Defense since 2023 and Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process since 2018. He also served as the Chief Implementer of the Philippines' Declared National Policy Against COVID-19. In November 2020,he was appointed as the country's COVID-19 vaccine czar,and was responsible for leading the government's efforts in bringing into the country about 245.23 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines as of May 2022 beginning in 2021 despite the global vaccine shortage. Prior to this,he also previously served as the 50th Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines from April to December 2018.
At 7:15 p.m. on September 23,1972,President Ferdinand Marcos announced on television that he had placed the Philippines under martial law,stating he had done so in response to the "communist threat" posed by the newly founded Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP),and the sectarian "rebellion" of the Muslim Independence Movement (MIM). Opposition figures of the time accused Marcos of exaggerating these threats and using them as an excuse to consolidate power and extend his tenure beyond the two presidential terms allowed by the 1935 constitution. Marcos' signed Proclamation No. 1081 on September 21,1972,marking the beginning of a fourteen-year period of one-man rule which effectively lasted until Marcos was exiled from the country on February 25,1986. Proclamation No. 1081 was formally lifted on January 17,1981,although Marcos retained essentially all of his powers as dictator until he was ousted in February 1986.
Antonio Gumba Parlade Jr. is a former Filipino military officer who retired as commander of the Armed Forces of the Philippines Southern Luzon Command in 2021,and was best known for his combative terms as spokesman for the Philippine Army before he was removed from that post in 2011,and later,as spokesperson of the National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC).
Andres Castor Centino is a retired Philippine Army general who currently serves as Presidential Assistant on Maritime Concerns to President Bongbong Marcos since September 2023.
The Military history of the Philippines during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos,especially the 14-year period between Marcos' proclamation of Martial Law in September 1972 and his final ouster through the People Power Revolution of 1986,was characterized by rapid changes linked to Marcos' use of the military as his "martial law implementor."
Philippines