The Federal Supreme Court is the supreme court of Brazil, serving primarily as the country's Constitutional Court. It is the highest court of law in Brazil for constitutional issues and its rulings cannot be appealed. On cases involving exclusively non-constitutional issues, regarding federal laws, the highest court is, by rule, the Superior Court of Justice.
The law of Brazil is based on statutes and, partly and more recently, a mechanism called súmulas vinculantes. It derives mainly from the European civil law systems, particularly the Portuguese, the Napoleonic French and the German.
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Brazil since 16 May 2013 in accordance with a decision from the National Justice Council, ordering notaries of every state to license and perform same-sex marriages. Brazil became the second country in South America to legalize same-sex marriage nationwide, after Argentina, and the twelfth worldwide to do so.
Ellen Gracie Northfleet is a Brazilian judge. She is the first woman to be appointed to the Supreme Court of Brazil and the Court's first female president.
The Order of Attorneys of Brazil is the Brazilian Bar Association. Founded in 1930, it is responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in the country. Its national headquarters are in Brasília, Federal District. The OAB has 1,065,304 lawyers (2018). This number rose to 1,211,309 as of early 2021.
The Superior Court of Justice is the highest appellate court in Brazil for non-constitutional issues regarding federal law. The STJ also has original jurisdiction over some cases. Its jurisdiction is provided for in Article 105 of the Brazilian Constitution.
Cândido José de Araújo Viana, Marquis of Sapucaí was a Brazilian politician and judge.
Nelson Azevedo Jobim is a Brazilian jurist, politician and businessman. He held the positions as congressman, Minister of Justice, Minister of Defense, Minister of the Supreme Federal Court (STF), where he was also president between 2004 and 2006. He is currently a member of the board of directors and responsible for institutional relations and compliance policies at BTG Pactual Bank.
The Judiciary of Brazil is the group of public entities designated by the Brazilian constitution to carry out the country's judicial functions.
The Federal Government of Brazil is the national government of the Federative Republic of Brazil, a republic in South America divided into 26 states and a federal district. The Brazilian federal government is divided into three branches: the executive, which is headed by the President and the cabinet; the legislative, whose powers are vested by the Constitution in the National Congress; and the judiciary, whose powers are vested in nine organs, including the Supreme Federal Court and lower federal courts. The seat of the federal government is located in Brasília.
Cármen Lúcia Antunes Rocha is a Brazilian jurist and member of the Supreme Federal Court since 2006. She is the second woman to have been chosen as a justice for the Court and Chief Justice and a professor of Constitutional Law at Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais. She was nominated by former President of Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Antunes Rocha's work has been marked by the rigor with which she tries corruption cases and her firm stance regarding women's rights.
Luís Roberto Barroso is a Brazilian law professor, jurist, Justice and President of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Between 2020 and 2022, Barroso also served as President of the Superior Electoral Court.
Paulo Brossard de Souza Pinto was a Brazilian jurist and politician. Born in Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, he graduated in Law and served several terms as a parliamentarian in his state and in the National Congress as well. He also was a member of the Supreme Federal Court and the Superior Electoral Court of Brazil.
José Antonio Dias Toffoli is a Brazilian lawyer who has been a member of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil since 2009, nominated by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Toffoli was the president of the Supreme Federal Court for the 2018–20 term.
Kássio Nunes Marques is a Brazilian magistrate, currently a Justice at the Supreme Federal Court.
The 57th Legislature of National Congress is the current meeting of the legislative branch of the Federal Government of Brazil, composed by the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. It convened in Brasília on 1 February 2023, a month after the inauguration of the winner of the 2022 presidential election.
The 2022 Mato Grosso do Sul state election took place in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil between 2 October 2022 and 30 October 2022. Voters elected a governor, vice governor, a senator, 8 representatives for the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil and 24 Legislative Assembly members. The incumbent governor at the time, Reinaldo Azambuja, wasn't allowed to run for reelection for a third consecutive time due to term limits established by the Federal Constitution of Brazil.
Cristiano Zanin Martins is a Brazilian attorney and professor who serves as justice of the Supreme Federal Court. He gained notoriety as personal attorney of president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in lawsuits related to Operation Car Wash.
Ana Paula Dias Lobato Nova Alves is a Brazilian nurse and politician who has been a senator from the state of Maranhão since 2023. She assumed the position after the elected senator, Flávio Dino, became the Minister of Justice and Public Security during the second Lula presidency, and became the titular senator once he was nominated for the Supreme Federal Court. She had previously been the vice-mayor for the city of Pinheiro. She is affiliated with the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB). As of 2023, she is the youngest senator in the Brazilian federal senate.
ADPF 153 was a constitutional review case ruled by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court, which the Order of Attorneys of Brazil (OAB) requested the acknowledgment of the inconstitutionality of the Amnesty Law. Ruled in April 2010, the Supreme Court considered the case unfounded in a voting of 7 to 2.
