Rosemary Carpenter

Last updated

Rosemary Carpenter
Alma materUniversity of East Anglia
Scientific career
InstitutionsJohn Innes Centre
Thesis Studies on genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus  (1998)

Rosemary Carpenter is a British plant geneticist known for her work on members of the genus Antirrhinum , commonly known as a snapdragon, for which she and Enrico Coen were awarded the 2004 Darwin Medal by the Royal Society. [1]

Contents

Career

Starting in the 1960, Carpenter worked with Brian Harrison at the John Innes Centre on unstable mutants of the snapdragon Antirrhinum. [2] After meeting Carpenter during an interview at the John Innes Centre in 1983, Enrico Coen joined the center and they began a long collaboration with him using snapdragons as a model system to understand jumping genes and evolution. [3] [2] They applied a combination of molecular, genetic and morphological approaches to snapdragons with the goal of elucidating patterns in flower development [4] using the hundreds of Antirrhihum mutants established by Carpenter. [5] Carpenter retired in 2003. [6]

Carpenter is a plant geneticist who worked on Antirrhinum, snapdragons. Antirrhinum majus Snapdragon devispira.JPG
Carpenter is a plant geneticist who worked on Antirrhinum, snapdragons.

Research

Carpenter is a plant geneticist known for her research on the population genetics of the snapdragon, Antirrhihum. [7] [2] Working with Brian Harrison in the 1970s, she defined genetic instabilities in Antirrhinum and the role of temperature in controlling the rate of instability of specific genes [8] [9] and transposable elements that occur in both maize and snapdragons. [10] This was the first time a link between genetic instability and Antirrhihum was formalized, a milestone in research using snapdragons. [11] The instability of genes in snapdragons begin Carpenter's collaboration with Enrico Coen, where they first worked on transposons and the effect of temperature on the excision of specific genes [12] and how the transposable elements cause variability in gene expression. [13] [14] Carpenter, Coen, and their students isolated the genes controlling floral development. [15] [16] [17] These genetic investigations allowed them to define the patterns of color, [18] [19] shape, [20] [21] [22] and floral asymmetry [23] [24] in snapdragons and other plants. Carpenter's research on snapdragons includes investigations of how snapdragons select their colors using small RNA, [25] which alter the selection of colors in the snapdragons. [26]

Selected publications

References

  1. ↑ "Award winners: Darwin Medal". Royal Society.
  2. 1 2 3 Coen, E. S. (1996). "Floral symmetry". The EMBO Journal. 15 (24): 6777–6788. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01069.x. PMC   452503 . PMID   9003753.
  3. ↑ "Flower Development, E Coen and R Carpenter, Cell & Developmental Biology Department - JIC UK". 20 February 2002. Archived from the original on 20 February 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  4. ↑ "E.Coen and R.Caprpenter, Flower Development, Research Programme". 11 March 2002. Archived from the original on 11 March 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  5. ↑ "Return of the snapdragon". Nature Plants. 5 (2): 121. 2019. doi: 10.1038/s41477-019-0377-0 . ISSN   2055-0278. PMID   30737515.
  6. ↑ "Past members - Flower Development, E Coen , Cell & Developmental Biology Department - JIC UK". rico-coen.jic.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  7. ↑ Carpenter, Rosemary (1998). Studies on genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus (Thesis).
  8. ↑ Harrison, Brian J; Carpenter, Rosemary (1973). "A comparison of the instabilities at the Nivea and Pallida loci in Antirrhinum majus". Heredity. 31 (3): 309–323. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1973.88 . ISSN   0018-067X. S2CID   21953999.
  9. ↑ Harrison, Brian J.; Carpenter, Rosemary (1 November 1979). "Resurgence of genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus" . Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 63 (1): 47–66. doi:10.1016/0027-5107(79)90103-9. ISSN   0027-5107.
  10. ↑ Sommer, Hans; Carpenter, Rosemary; Harrison, Brian J.; Saedler, Heinz (1985). "The transposable element Tam3 of Antirrhinum majus generates a novel type of sequence alterations upon excision" . Molecular and General Genetics. 199 (2): 225–231. doi:10.1007/BF00330263. ISSN   0026-8925. S2CID   8399480.
  11. ↑ Schwarz-Sommer, Zsuzsanna; Davies, Brendan; Hudson, Andrew (2003). "An everlasting pioneer: the story of Antirrhinum research". Nature Reviews Genetics. 4 (8): 655–664. doi:10.1038/nrg1127. hdl: 1842/704 . ISSN   1471-0056. PMID   12897777. S2CID   205482851.
  12. ↑ Martin, Cathie; Carpenter, Rosemary; Sommer, Hans; Saedler, Heinz; Coen, Enrico S. (1985). "Molecular analysis of instability in flower pigmentation of Antirrhinum majus , following isolation of the pallida locus by transposon tagging". The EMBO Journal. 4 (7): 1625–1630. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03829.x. PMC   554396 . PMID   16453618.
  13. ↑ Coen, Enrico S.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Martin, Cathie (1986). "Transposable elements generate novel spatial patterns of gene expression in antirrhinum majus" . Cell. 47 (2): 285–296. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90451-4. PMID   3021338. S2CID   24465394.
  14. ↑ Carpenter, Rosemary; Martin, Cathie; Coen, Enrico S. (1987). "Comparison of genetic behaviour of the transposable element Tam3 at two unlinked pigment loci in Antirrhinum majus" . Molecular and General Genetics. 207 (1): 82–89. doi:10.1007/BF00331494. ISSN   0026-8925. S2CID   31982611.
  15. ↑ Carpenter, R; Coen, E S (1 September 1990). "Floral homeotic mutations produced by transposon-mutagenesis in Antirrhinum majus". Genes & Development. 4 (9): 1483–1493. doi: 10.1101/gad.4.9.1483 . ISSN   0890-9369. PMID   1979295.
  16. ↑ Coen, Enrico S.; Romero, JoséM.; Doyle, Sandra; Elliott, Robert; Murphy, George; Carpenter, Rosemary (1990). "floricaula: A homeotic gene required for flower development in antirrhinum majus" . Cell. 63 (6): 1311–1322. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90426-F. PMID   1702033. S2CID   46586130.
  17. ↑ Goodrich, Justin; Carpenter, Rosemary; Coen, Enrico S. (1992). "A common gene regulates pigmentation pattern in diverse plant species" . Cell. 68 (5): 955–964. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90038-E. PMID   1547495. S2CID   42832523.
  18. ↑ Bradley, Desmond; Carpenter, Rosemary; Sommer, Hans; Hartley, Nigel; Coen, Enrico (1993). "Complementary floral homeotic phenotypes result from opposite orientations of a transposon at the plena locus of antirrhinum" . Cell. 72 (1): 85–95. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90052-R. PMID   8093684. S2CID   23878779.
  19. ↑ Coen, Enrico S.; Carpenter, Rosemary (1993). "The Metamorphosis of Flowers". The Plant Cell. 5 (10): 1175–1181. doi:10.2307/3869771. JSTOR   3869771. PMC   160351 . PMID   12271021.
  20. ↑ Carpenter, R; Copsey, L; Vincent, C; Doyle, S; Magrath, R; Coen, E (1995). "Control of flower development and phyllotaxy by meristem identity genes in antirrhinum". The Plant Cell. 7 (12): 2001–2011. doi:10.1105/tpc.7.12.2001. ISSN   1040-4651. PMC   161057 . PMID   8718618.
  21. ↑ Luo, Da; Carpenter, Rosemary; Vincent, Coral; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (1996). "Origin of floral asymmetry in Antirrhinum" . Nature. 383 (6603): 794–799. Bibcode:1996Natur.383..794L. doi:10.1038/383794a0. ISSN   0028-0836. PMID   8893002. S2CID   2188470.
  22. ↑ Da Luo; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Vincent, Coral; Clark, Jennifer; Coen, Enrico (1999). "Control of Organ Asymmetry in Flowers of Antirrhinum". Cell. 99 (4): 367–376. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81523-8 . ISSN   0092-8674. PMID   10571179. S2CID   14346487.
  23. ↑ Nath, Utpal; Crawford, Brian C. W.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Coen, Enrico (28 February 2003). "Genetic Control of Surface Curvature" . Science. 299 (5611): 1404–1407. doi:10.1126/science.1079354. PMID   12610308. S2CID   8059321.
  24. ↑ Corley, Susie B.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (5 April 2005). "Floral asymmetry involves an interplay between TCP and MYB transcription factors in Antirrhinum". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (14): 5068–5073. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.5068C. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0501340102 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   555980 . PMID   15790677.
  25. ↑ Bradley, Desmond; Xu, Ping; Mohorianu, Irina-Ioana; Whibley, Annabel; Field, David; Tavares, Hugo; Couchman, Matthew; Copsey, Lucy; Carpenter, Rosemary; Li, Miaomiao; Li, Qun (17 November 2017). "Evolution of flower color pattern through selection on regulatory small RNAs". Science. 358 (6365): 925–928. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..925B. doi: 10.1126/science.aao3526 . PMID   29146812. S2CID   5060290.
  26. ↑ Centre, John Innes. "How Snapdragons keep their colour: Signposting trick reveals evolutionary mechanism". phys.org. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
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