The administrative units of Pakistan comprise four provinces,one federal territory,and two disputed territories:the provinces of Punjab,Sindh,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,and Balochistan;the Islamabad Capital Territory;and the administrative territories of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan. As part of the Kashmir conflict with neighbouring India,Pakistan has also claimed sovereignty over the Indian-controlled territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh since the First Kashmir War of 1947–1948. It also has a territorial dispute with India over Junagadh,but has never exercised administrative authority over either regions. All of Pakistan's provinces and territories are subdivided into divisions,which are further subdivided into districts,and then tehsils,which are again further subdivided into union councils.
The districts of Pakistan are the third-level administrative divisions of Pakistan,below provinces and divisions,but forming the first-tier of local government. In total,there are 166 districts in Pakistan,including the Capital Territory,and the districts of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan. These districts are further divided into tehsils and union councils.
The former administrative units of Pakistan are states,provinces,and territories which mainly existed between 1947 and 1975 when the current provinces and territories were established. The former units have no administrative function today,but some remain as historical and cultural legacies. In some cases,the current provinces and territories correspond to the former units –for example the province of Punjab includes almost all the territory of the former province of West Punjab.
The judiciary of Pakistan is the national system of courts that maintains the law and order in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Pakistan uses a common law system,which was introduced during the colonial era,influenced by local medieval judicial systems based on religious and cultural practices. The Constitution of Pakistan lays down the fundamentals and working of the Pakistani judiciary.
Law enforcement in Pakistan is one of the three main components of the criminal justice system of Pakistan,alongside the judiciary and the prisons. The country has a mix of federal,provincial and territorial police forces with both general and specialised functions,but the senior ranks of all the provincial forces and most of the federal ones are manned by members of the Police Service of Pakistan (PSP). The PSP is one of the most prestigious part of the Central Superior Services,Pakistan's main civil service organisation. Federal law enforcement agencies are generally overseen by the Ministry of Interior of the Government of Pakistan,while provincial police forces are overseen by a department of the government of that province.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Pakistan:
Gilgit-Baltistan,formerly known as the Northern Areas,is a region administered by Pakistan as an administrative territory and consists of the northern portion of the larger Kashmir region,which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947 and between India and China since 1959. It borders Azad Kashmir to the south,the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west,the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan to the north,the Xinjiang region of China to the east and northeast,and the Indian-administered union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to the southeast.
There are or have been a number of separatist movements in Pakistan based on ethnic and regional nationalism,that have agitated for independence,and sometimes fighting the Pakistan state at various times during its history. As in many other countries,tension arises from the perception of minority/less powerful ethnic groups that other ethnicities dominate the politics and economics of the country to the detriment of those with less power and money. The government of Pakistan has attempted to subdue these separatist movements.
The four provincial governments of Pakistan administer the four provinces of Pakistan. There is also a federal capital territory and two territories which have similar governments but with some differences. The head of each province is a non-executive Governor appointed by the President. The Governors play a similar role,at the provincial level,as the President does at the federal level. Each province has a directly elected unicameral legislature,with members elected for five-year terms. Each provincial assembly elects a Chief Minister,who then selects a cabinet of ministers from amongst the members of the Provincial Assembly. Each province also has a High Court,which forms part of the superior judiciary.
Constitution Avenue,also known as Shahrah-e-Dastoor,is a major north-south avenue in Islamabad,Pakistan that passess through the Red Zone. Its north end meets with the Khayban-e-Iqbal intersection and south end with an intersection of Srinagar Highway.
The chief minister of Gilgit Baltistan is elected by the Gilgit Baltistan Assembly to serve as the head of the provincial government in Gilgit-Baltistan for a five-year term.
Mir Hazar Khan Khoso was a Pakistani jurist who was the caretaker prime minister of Pakistan from 25 March to 5 June 2013. Khoso was a judge who previously served as the chief justice of the Federal Shariat Court and served as the caretaker prime minister ahead of the general elections scheduled in May 2013.
The Ministry of Kashmir Affairs &Gilgit-Baltistan is a ministry of the Government of Pakistan. It handles the regional affairs of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan as both territories of Pakistani-administered Kashmir do not have regular provincial status within Pakistan due to political circumstances revolving around the long-running Kashmir conflict.
The Pakistan Levies,or Federal Levies,are provincial paramilitary forces (gendarmeries) in Pakistan,whose primary missions are law enforcement,assisting the civilian police in maintaining law and order,and conducting internal security operations at the provincial level. The various Levies Forces operate under separate chains of command and wear distinct patches and badges.
Women Democratic Front (WDF) is a Pakistani independent socialist-feminist organization. It was founded in the federal capital Islamabad on March 8,2018,by hundreds of delegates from Sindh,Balochistan,Punjab and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
Muhammad Khalid Khurshid Khan is a politician who served as the President of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Gilgit-Baltistan from May 2022 to December 2023 and as the Chief Minister of Gilgit-Baltistan,a territory in Northern Pakistan until he was disqualified from his post on 4 July 2023 by the Gilgit-Baltistan Chief Court. He was also a member of the Gilgit Baltistan Assembly from 25 November 2020 until his disqualification.
The Civil Armed Forces (CAF) are a group of nine paramilitary,uniformed organisations,separate and distinct from the regular "military" Pakistan Armed Forces. They are responsible for maintaining internal security,helping law enforcement agencies,border control,counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism,riot control,and anti-smuggling under the Ministry of Interior. They frequently operate alongside the Pakistani military in response to natural disasters. During times of war they can have their command transferred to the Ministry of Defence,and effectively combined to form a reserve force for the Pakistani military.
The 2023 National Games of Pakistan was the 34th edition of the National Games of Pakistan. The event was held in Quetta,with some disciplines taking place in Islamabad,Jhelum,Karachi,and Lahore. Quetta hosted the Games for the first time since 2004,when the city hosted the 29th edition. The Balochistan Sports Department hosted the event in collaboration with the Pakistan Olympic Association.
Syed Arshad Hussain Shah is a Pakistani jurist who is the former Caretaker Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. He has served as the Chief Judge of the Supreme Appellate Court Gilgit-Baltistan from 2019 to 2022.
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