Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is the computational problem of constructing or updating a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously keeping track of an agent's location within it. While this initially appears to be a chicken or the egg problem,there are several algorithms known to solve it in,at least approximately,tractable time for certain environments. Popular approximate solution methods include the particle filter,extended Kalman filter,covariance intersection,and GraphSLAM. SLAM algorithms are based on concepts in computational geometry and computer vision,and are used in robot navigation,robotic mapping and odometry for virtual reality or augmented reality.
Stanley is an autonomous car created by Stanford University's Stanford Racing Team in cooperation with the Volkswagen Electronics Research Laboratory (ERL). It won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge,earning the Stanford Racing Team a $2 million prize.
A mobile robot is an automatic machine that is capable of locomotion. Mobile robotics is usually considered to be a subfield of robotics and information engineering.
A navigation system is a computing system that aids in navigation. Navigation systems may be entirely on board the vehicle or vessel that the system is controlling or located elsewhere,making use of radio or other signal transmission to control the vehicle or vessel. In some cases,a combination of these methods is used.
Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV),also known as uncrewed underwater vehicles and underwater drones,are submersible vehicles that can operate underwater without a human occupant. These vehicles may be divided into two categories:remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROUVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). ROUVs are remotely controlled by a human operator. AUVs are automated and operate independently of direct human input.
The Deep Phreatic Thermal Explorer (DEPTHX) is an autonomous underwater vehicle designed and built by Stone Aerospace,an aerospace engineering firm based in Austin,Texas. It was designed to autonomously explore and map underwater sinkholes in northern Mexico,as well as collect water and wall core samples. This could be achieved via an autonomous form of navigation known as A-Navigation. The DEPTHX vehicle was the first of three vehicles to be built by Stone Aerospace which were funded by NASA with the goal of developing technology that can explore the oceans of Jupiter's moon Europa to look for extraterrestrial life.
An indoor positioning system (IPS) is a network of devices used to locate people or objects where GPS and other satellite technologies lack precision or fail entirely,such as inside multistory buildings,airports,alleys,parking garages,and underground locations.
Robot localization denotes the robot's ability to establish its own position and orientation within the frame of reference. Path planning is effectively an extension of localization,in that it requires the determination of the robot's current position and a position of a goal location,both within the same frame of reference or coordinates. Map building can be in the shape of a metric map or any notation describing locations in the robot frame of reference.
Eric L. Schwartz was Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems,Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering,and Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology at Boston University. Previously,he was Associate Professor of Psychiatry at New York University Medical Center and Associate Professor of Computer Science at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University.
RHex is an autonomous robot design,based on hexapod with compliant legs and one actuator per leg. A number of US universities have participated,with funding grants also coming from DARPA.
In robotics and computer vision,visual odometry is the process of determining the position and orientation of a robot by analyzing the associated camera images. It has been used in a wide variety of robotic applications,such as on the Mars Exploration Rovers.
John J. Leonard is an American roboticist and Professor of Mechanical and Ocean Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. A member of the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL),Leonard is a researcher in simultaneous localization and mapping,and was the team lead for MIT's team at the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge,one of the six teams to cross the finish line in the final event,placing fourth overall.
Intrinsic localization is a method used in mobile laser scanning to recover the trajectory of the scanner,after,or during the measurement. Specifically,it is a way to recover the spatial coordinates and the rotation of the scanner without the use of any other sensors,i.e,extrinsic information. To function in practice,intrinsic localization relies on two things. First,a priori knowledge of the scanning instruments,and second,on sensor data overlap employing simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) methods. The term was coined in.
Yoram Koren is an Israeli-American academic. He is the James J. Duderstadt Distinguished University Professor Emeritus of Manufacturing and the Paul G. Goebel Professor Emeritus of Engineering at the University of Michigan,Ann Arbor. Since 2014 he is a distinguished visiting professor at the Technion –Israel Institute of Technology.
Stefano Soatto is professor of computer science at the University of California,Los Angeles (UCLA),in Los Angeles,CA,where he is also professor of electrical engineering and founding director of the UCLA Vision Lab.
Chris Urmson is a Canadian engineer,academic,and entrepreneur known for his work on self-driving car technology. He cofounded Aurora Innovation,a company developing self-driving technology,in 2017 and serves as its CEO. Urmson was instrumental in pioneering and advancing the development of self-driving vehicles since the early 2000s.
Gregory D. Hager is the Mandell Bellmore Professor of Computer Science and founding director of the Johns Hopkins Malone Center for Engineering in Healthcare at Johns Hopkins University.
Margarita Chli is an assistant professor and leader of the Vision for Robotics Lab at ETH Zürich in Switzerland. Chli is a leader in the field of computer vision and robotics and was on the team of researchers to develop the first fully autonomous helicopter with onboard localization and mapping. Chli is also the Vice Director of the Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems and an Honorary Fellow of the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom. Her research currently focuses on developing visual perception and intelligence in flying autonomous robotic systems.
Jürgen Sturm is a German software engineer,entrepreneur and academic. He is a Senior Staff Software Engineering Manager at Intrinsic,where he works on developing a robot SDK aimed at facilitating and reducing the cost of integrating AI-/ML-powered robots into industrial manufacturing processes.
