\n"}" id="mwBg">
Róża Maria Goździewska | |
---|---|
![]() Goździewska in 1944 | |
Born | Róża Maria Goździewska 31 March 1936 Poland |
Died | 29 October 1989 53) | (aged
Alma mater | Silesian University of Technology |
Known for | The youngest nurse of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising |
Medical career | |
Profession | Nurse |
Róża Maria Goździewska (Polish pronunciation: [ˈruʐaˈmarʲjaɡɔʑˈd͡ʑɛfska] ; also known as Różyczka Goździewska, Różyczka being a diminutive of her first name, lit. "Little Rose"; 31 March 1936 – 29 October 1989) was a Polish nurse, known as the youngest nurse of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising when she was a child. [1]
Goździewska was born on 31 March 1936. Her father was killed by the Gestapo in 1943. [1] A year later, on 1 August, the city of Warsaw was engulfed in the uprising against the German occupiers, with the civilian population caught in the middle. A number of child soldiers took part in the fighting on the side of the Polish insurgents. [2] [3]
Goździewska, eight years old at that time, was helping in the field hospital at 11 Moniuszki Street in Warsaw. She was described as a nurse because she made the patients smile, brought them water to drink, and tried to clear away the flies. [1] That field hospital was associated with the Polish insurgents' Home Army Koszta Company unit. [4] [5] Her relative, Jadwiga Obretenny, 19 years old at the time, was also a nurse in the Uprising. [6]
A photo of Goździewska, wearing a Red Cross armband, was taken in early August 1944 by Eugeniusz Lokajski, nom-de-guerre "Brok", a Home Army resistance fighter and photographer, who would perish a month later. [5] [7] The Uprising, after incurring major casualties among the civilian participants, was eventually crushed by the Germans on 2 October. [2] [3] Goździewska and her sister survived the war. Afterwards, she attended a gymnasium run by the Ursulines, graduated from the Silesian University of Technology, and in 1958, she emigrated to France, where she got married and had two children. [5] [1] She died on 29 October 1989. [1]
In the early 21st century her photo gained recognition, having been used in various materials published by the Warsaw Uprising Museum. [5] Her photo was colorized in the 2010s, and by the late 2010s described as "well known" [8] and even as one of the most famous photos of the Warsaw Uprising. [9]
The Warsaw Rising Museum, in the Wola district of Warsaw, Poland, is dedicated to the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. The institution of the museum was established in 1983, but no construction work took place for many years. It opened on July 31, 2004, marking the 60th anniversary of the uprising.
Jerzy Maria Kirchmayer (1895–1959) was a Polish historian and military commander, a brigadier general of the Polish Army and one of the first historians of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944.
Rainer Joseph Karl August Stahel was a German military officer and war criminal. He is best known for his retreat from Vilna and the command of the garrison of Warsaw during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. Arrested by the NKVD in Romania, he spent the rest of his life in Soviet captivity.
The Sub-district VII of Warsaw suburbs also called Sub-district collar - a territorial organisational unit of the District of Warsaw of Armia Krajowa, which acted during the German occupation of Poland. Military units of that sub-district took part in the Warsaw Uprising of 1944.
Jerzy Tomaszewski, nom de guerreJur, was a Polish World War II photographer, artist, and reporter, awarded the Order of Polonia Restituta by President Lech Kaczyński.
Anna Zakrzewska served with the Polish underground army as a courier and a medical orderly. She was killed in the course of desperate combat during the Warsaw Uprising.
The mass murder on Dzika street was a war crime committed by German troops against Polish civilians during World War II, amidst the Warsaw Uprising on August 21, 1944. The execution took place in the yard of a housing block on Dzika 17 street. Around 200 civilians were killed. While nowhere near as large as the wholesale massacre in Wola, it was one of the largest mass murder carried out by the Nazis during the battle of Warsaw Old Town.
Mieczysław Krawicz was a Polish film director from Warsaw.
Warsaw Uprising Monument is a monument in Warsaw, Poland, dedicated to the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. Unveiled in 1989, it was designed by Jacek Budyn and sculpted by Wincenty Kućma. It is located on the southern side of Krasiński Square.
Młynarki was the popular name for the currency notes of the General Government during World War II that were issued by the German-controlled Bank of Issue in Poland. They were named after the president of the bank, Feliks Młynarski.
Ryszard Feliks Piotrowski, born in Warsaw, was a Major in the Polish Armed Forces and a member of the Polish resistance / Home Army. He fought in the "Sowinski" Battalion, "Waligora" Grouping, under his wartime code name Piorun.
Hungarians in Poland form a small population of 1,728, according to the 2011 census, however, Hungarian presence in Poland dates back to the Middle Ages.
The execution at Powązkowska Street - a mass murder of 22 Warsaw residents of Powązki by the Germans on 1 August 1944. This execution, which claimed the lives of men living in a house at 41 Powązkowska Street, was one of the first German crimes committed during the suppression of the Warsaw Uprising.
Stauferkaserne prison was a provisional prison, and at the same time a gathering point for expelled Warsaw residents, established by the Germans during the first days of the Warsaw Uprising on the grounds of the SS-Stauferkaserne barracks at 4 Rakowiecka Street. In August and September 1944 over a thousand residents of the district passed through the SS barracks in Mokotów. They were detained there in harsh conditions and were subjected to extremely brutal treatment. During the Warsaw Uprising, the Stauferkaserne area was the scene of numerous executions, the victims of which were at least 100 people.
The Suppression of Mokotów was a wave of mass murders, looting, arson and rapes that swept through the Warsaw district of Mokotów during the Warsaw Uprising in 1944. Crimes against prisoners of war and civilians of the district were committed by the Germans until the capitulation of Mokotów on September 27, 1944, although they intensified in the first days of the uprising.
The Massacre in the Mokotów prison was a mass murder of residents of the Mokotów Prison in Warsaw by the Germans on the second day of the Warsaw Uprising. On August 2, 1944, soldiers of the Waffen-SS - SS-Pz. Gren. Ausb.-und Ers. Btl. 3 shot about 600 Poles on the premises of the prison at 37 Rakowiecka Street. It was one of the biggest crimes committed by the Germans in Mokotów during the suppression of the Warsaw Uprising. During the massacre, some prisoners actively resisted the Nazis, which allowed several hundred people to escape to the area controlled by the insurgents.
Józef Kempa was a Polish actor. He was active in theatre and film between 1918 and 1944. He was a civilian fatality of the Warsaw Uprising, dying in the explosion of a German Borgward IV demolition vehicle on 13 August 1944.
Krzysztof Komorowski is a Polish historian specializing in the Polish military history, as well as a (retired) officer of the Polish Army with the rank of colonel. A lecturer at the Military University of Technology and National Defence University of Warsaw.
Witold Stefan Modelski, pseudonym "Warszawiak", was a participant of Warsaw Uprising, a liaison officer in the Gozdawa Battalion, and the youngest participant in the Uprising fights. He was awarded the Polish Cross of Valour.
Wanda Traczyk-Stawska ps. "Pączek", „Atma” is a Polish psychologist and social activist. She was involved in the Polish underground resistance movement during World War II, a soldier of the Home Army, a member of the Gray Ranks, a participant in the Warsaw Uprising, and chairperson of the Social Committee for the Cemetery of Warsaw Insurgents.