SS Muskegon

Last updated
Muskegon in port.jpg
The Muskegon prior to her sinking
History
Flag of the United States.svgUnited States
Name
  • Peerless (1872-1907)
  • Muskegon (1907-1910)
OperatorIndependent Sand Company
Port of registryFlag of the United States.svg  United States, Chicago, Illinois
BuilderIra Lafrinnier, Cleveland, Ohio
In serviceJuly 3, 1872
Out of serviceOctober 6, 1910
IdentificationU.S. Registry #20470
FateBurned off Michigan City, Indiana [1]
General characteristics
Class and typeBulk Freighter
Tonnage1275.57 Gross register tons
Length
  • 220 ft (67 m) LOA
  • 211 ft (64 m) LBP
Beam39.8 ft (12.1 m)
Height32 ft (9.8 m)
Draught23 ft (7.0 m)
Installed power2 x Scotch marine boilers
Propulsion700 horsepower High pressure condensing engine
MUSKEGON Shipwreck Site
USA Indiana location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
LocationOff the coast of Michigan City, Indiana, LaPorte County, Indiana
Nearest city Michigan City, Indiana
Coordinates 41°43′00″N86°56′00″W / 41.716667°N 86.933333°W / 41.716667; -86.933333
Built1872
ArchitectIra Lafrinnier
Architectural style Steamship
NRHP reference No. 89000290 [2]
Added to NRHPApril 26, 1989

The SS Muskegon was a wooden hulled American passenger and package freight vessel that burned down on October 6, 1910 off the coast of Michigan City, Indiana in LaPorte County, Indiana, United States while unloading a cargo of sand. [3] On April 26, 1989 the remains of the Muskegon were listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Contents

History

Design and construction

Construction of the Muskegon Peerless.png
Construction of the Muskegon

The Muskegon was built as the Peerless in 1872, in Cleveland, Ohio by Ira Lafrinnier. [4] She was launched on June 15, 1872. She had an overall length of 220 feet (67 m), and a between perpendiculars length of 211 feet (64 m). [3] Her beam was 39.8 feet (12.1 m) wide, and her hull was 23 feet (7.0 m) deep. She had a gross tonnage of 1275.57 tons. [4] She was powered by a 700 horsepower high pressure condensing engine, and fueled by two coal-fired firebox boilers. Both the engine and boilers were built by the Globe Iron Works of Cleveland, Ohio. [1]

Service history

She entered service on July 3, 1872 with the Leopold & Austrian’s Lake Superior Line of Chicago, Illinois, and was given the registration number US20470. [3] In September 1877 she jettisoned a cargo of flour, feed and sundries, about 26 of cattle and about 70 sheep. [5]

The Peerless received repairs in August 1882. On November 26, 1884 she caught fire in Chicago, Illinois, and was repaired and overhauled the following year by the Chicago Dry Dock Company. [1]

In November 1894 she was detained at Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan because of smallpox. In 1896 Peerless was sold to the Lake Michigan & Lake Superior Transportation Company of Chicago. [1] [3] On October 27, 1895 she broke her piston rod near St. Joseph, Michigan, and was rescued by the tug Perfection. In October 1898 her machinery became disabled, and she was towed to Marquette, Michigan. On September 7, 1899 the Peerless collided with the schooner A. Stewart and sank. She was raised four days later, and was repaired Howard's Bay, West Superior, Wisconsin.

In 1906 she was sold to the Chicago Transportation Company of Chicago. Around this time she was moored off Chicago, and used as a gambling vessel. [3] In 1907 she was sold to the Muskegon & Chicago Navigation Company of Muskegon, Michigan, and was renamed Muskegon. In 1908 the Muskegon was converted to a bulk freighter by the Ship Owners Dry Dock Company of Chicago. In 1909 the Muskegon was sold to the Independent Sand Company of Chicago, she was also converted to a sandsucker in Muskegon. [3]

Burning

On October 6, 1910 the Muskegon was unloading a cargo of sand at the Indiana Transportation Company's dock in Michigan City, Indiana, when a fire started in her hull. The fire was rumored to have been caused by a kerosene spillage near the boilers.

Wreck of the Muskegon Muskegon.png
Wreck of the Muskegon

The Muskegon burned to the waterline, and sank at the dock, and remained there until June 10, 1911 when she was refloated and towed out to the harbour to be scuttled. [6] After her loss, the Independent Sand Company used the insurance money they received to buy the sandsucker J.D. Marshall. [7]

The Muskegon today

Today, the remains of the Muskegon lie in 32 feet (9.8 m) of water. [6] A lot of machinery remains at the site, [5] including the boilers, the propeller and propeller shaft. Also on the wreck are a number of gears that were once part of the engine. [6]

In 2024 the shipwreck site became an Indiana Shipwreck Nature Preserve. [8]

Related Research Articles

SS <i>Marquette</i> (1881) Wooden-hulled, American Great Lakes freighter

The SS Marquette was a wooden-hulled, American Great Lakes freighter built in 1881, that sank on Lake Superior, five miles east of Michigan Island, Ashland County, Wisconsin, Apostle Islands, United States on October 15, 1903. On the day of February 13, 2008 the remains of the Marquette were listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<i>R. J. Hackett</i> (steamer) Historic shipwreck in Lake Michigan

R. J. Hackett was a steamer built in 1869 in Cleveland, Ohio, by Peck & Masters. When the ship was first launched, both its wide cross-section and long midships hold were unconventional. The design's clear advantages in moving cargo through the inland lakes quickly resulted in many imitators.

SS <i>Ira H. Owen</i> American lake freighter lost in the Mataafa Storm of 1905

SS Ira H. Owen was a steel-hulled American lake freighter in service between 1887 and 1905. One of the first steel lake freighters, she was built in 1887 in Cleveland, Ohio, by the Globe Iron Works Company, and was built for the Owen Line of Chicago, Illinois. Early in her career, Ira H. Owen carried iron ore from Escanaba, Michigan. In April 1898, Ira H. Owen was chartered by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. She was sold to the National Steamship Company of Chicago, on December 30, 1899, for whom she frequently carried coal and grain. Throughout her career, Ira H. Owen was involved in multiple accidents and incidents.

SS <i>Henry Cort</i> Great Lakes whaleback freighter

The Henry Cort was a 320-foot (98 m) long whaleback freighter. It sank four times during its career; finally running aground at Muskegon, Michigan in November, 1934. The ship broke apart over the winter and was scrapped in 1935.

SS <i>D.R. Hanna</i> 552-foot steel freighter that sank on Lake Huron in 1919

SS D.R. Hanna was a 552-foot (168 m) long American Great Lakes freighter that operated on the Great Lakes from November 12, 1906 to her sinking on May 16, 1919 after a collision with Quincy A. Shaw. D.R. Hanna was like many other freighters, and was used to haul bulk cargoes such as iron ore, coal and grain.

SS <i>Robert Wallace</i> Wooden steamship wrecked in Lake Superior in 1902

SS Robert Wallace was a wooden-hulled American bulk freighter that served on the Great Lakes of North America from her construction in 1882 to her sinking in 1902 on Lake Superior near the town of Palmers, St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States. On November 17, 1902 shortly after leaving Superior, Wisconsin with a cargo of iron ore, Robert Wallace sprang a leak and sank. Her wreck was found in 2006, and on October 14, 2009, the wreck of Robert Wallace was listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

SS <i>George Spencer</i> Wooden steamship wrecked in the Mataafa Storm of 1905

The George Spencer was a wooden lake freighter that sank on along with her schooner barge Amboy on Lake Superior, near Thomasville, Cook County, Minnesota in the Mataafa Storm of 1905. On April 14, 1994, the wrecks of the Spencer and the Amboy were listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

SS <i>Lakeland</i> Steel ship wrecked in Lake Michigan

The SS Lakeland was an early steel-hulled Great Lakes freighter that sank on December 3, 1924, into 205 feet (62 m) of water on Lake Michigan near Sturgeon Bay, Door County, Wisconsin, United States, after she sprang a leak. On July 7, 2015, the wreck of the Lakeland was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

SS <i>Senator</i> Steel-hulled Great Lakes freighter that sank on Lake Michigan

SS Senator was a steel-hulled Great Lakes freighter that sank on Lake Michigan with the loss of nine lives and 268 Nash automobiles, on Halloween of 1929 after she was rammed in heavy fog by the bulk carrier Marquette. She lies in 450 feet (140 m) of water 16 miles northeast of Port Washington, Wisconsin. On April 12, 2016 her wreck was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

SS <i>Atlanta</i> Wooden hulled Great Lakes steamer

The SS Atlanta was a wooden hulled Great Lakes steamer that sank in Lake Michigan off the coast of Cedar Grove, Wisconsin, United States, after a failed attempt of her being towed to shore ultimately killing 5 out of her 7 crew members on board. Her wreckage still remains at the bottom of the lake, and on November 6, 2017, the wreck of the Atlanta was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

SS <i>Selah Chamberlain</i> Great Lakes freighter that sank on Lake Michigan in 1886

SS Selah Chamberlain was a wooden-hulled Great Lakes freighter that sank in Lake Michigan in 1886, 6 miles (10 km) off the coast of Sheboygan, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States after being rammed by the steamer John Pridgeon Jr. with the loss of five lives. On January 7, 2019, the wreck of Selah Chamberlain was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and was given the reference number 100003288. She was the first shipwreck listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

SS <i>Francis Hinton</i> Wooden-hulled steam barge sunk in Lake Michigan

The SS Francis Hinton was a wooden-hulled steam barge that sank in a gale off the coast of Manitowoc, Wisconsin, on Lake Michigan in 1909 while heavily laden with a cargo of lumber. On December 16, 1996, the wreck of the Francis Hinton was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

SS <i>Florida</i> Wooden hulled Great Lakes freighter

SS Florida was a wooden hulled Great Lakes freighter that served on the Great Lakes of North America from her construction in 1889, to her sinking in May 1897 when she collided with the larger wooden hulled freighter George W. Roby. Her wreck was located by Ed Ellison in July 1994, in 206 feet (63 m) of water almost completely intact, save for her stern.

SS <i>Russia</i> (1872) American Great Lakes package freighter

SS Russia was an iron-hulled American Great Lakes package freighter that sank in a Lake Huron gale on April 30, 1909, near DeTour Village, Michigan, with all 22 of her crew and one passenger surviving.

SS <i>Edward L. Ryerson</i> American Great Lakes freighter since 1960

SS Edward L. Ryerson is a steel-hulled American Great Lakes freighter that entered service in 1960. Built between April 1959 and January 1960 for the Inland Steel Company, she was the third of the thirteen so-called 730-class of lake freighters, each of which shared the unofficial title of "Queen of the Lakes", as a result of their record-breaking length. She was not only the last steam-powered freighter built on the lakes but also the last one that was not a self-unloader. Since 2009, she has been in long-term layup in Superior, Wisconsin. She is one of only two American-owned straight deck lake freighters, the other being John Sherwin, built in 1958.

SS <i>John V. Moran</i> American package freighter

SS John V. Moran was a wooden-hulled American package freighter in service between 1888 and 1899. She was built in 1888 in West Bay City, Michigan, by F.W. Wheeler & Company. She was built for Ward's Crescent Transportation Company of Detroit, Michigan, and was operated as part of his Detroit & Lake Superior Line. She was built to haul both bulk, and package freight. Throughout the 1893 shipping season, John V. Moran ran between Buffalo, New York, and Duluth, Minnesota. She was sold for the first time in 1895 to the Union Transit Line of Buffalo, and once again in 1898 to the Crosby Transportation Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

<i>Robert C. Pringle</i> (tug) Wooden-hulled American tugboat that sank in Lake Michigan

Robert C. Pringle, originally named Chequamegon, was a wooden-hulled American tugboat that sank without loss of life on Lake Michigan, near Sheboygan, Wisconsin, on June 19, 1922, after striking an obstruction.

SS <i>Merchant</i> American passenger and package freighter ship

SS Merchant was an American iron–hulled passenger and package freighter in service between 1862 and 1875. The first iron–hulled merchant ship built on the Great Lakes, she was built in 1862 in Buffalo, New York, by the David Bell shipyard, out of components manufactured in Black Rock, New York, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was built for James C. and Edwin T. Evans of Buffalo, under whom she carried passengers and freight. Merchant made her maiden voyage in August 1862, sailing from Buffalo to Chicago. Between late 1872 and early 1873, she was lengthened by 30 feet (9.1 m), and had her passenger cabins removed. Also in 1873, Merchant was sold to the Erie & Western Transportation Company of Erie, Pennsylvania.

SS <i>Ironsides</i> Wooden-hulled American package freighter on Great Lakes service

SS Ironsides was a wooden-hulled American package freighter in service between 1864 and 1873. She was built in 1864 in Cleveland, Ohio, by either Ira Lafrinier or Quayle & Martin. She was built for John E. Turner, also of Cleveland, and operated as part of the Cleveland & Lake Superior Line. She had an identical sister ship named Lac La Belle. Ironsides operated between Cleveland and Lake Superior for a number of years, and was sold several times. In 1869, she was sold to Nathan Englemann of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and operated between Milwaukee and Grand Haven, Michigan. In 1871, she became part of the Englemann Transportation Company.

SS <i>Lac La Belle</i> American package freighter

SS Lac La Belle was a wooden-hulled American package freighter in service between 1864 and 1872. She was built in 1864 in Cleveland, Ohio, by Ira Lafrinier for Hanna & Garretson, also of Cleveland. She had an identical sister ship named Ironsides. Lac La Belle operated between Cleveland and Lake Superior for a number of years, and was sold several times. In 1869, she was sold to Nathan Englemann of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and operated between Milwaukee and Grand Haven, Michigan. In 1871, she became part of the Englemann Transportation Company. Throughout her career, Lac La Belle was involved in several accidents.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "PEERLESS (1872, Propeller)". Alpena County George N. Fletcher Public Library. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
  2. "MUSKEGON Shipwreck Site". National Park Service . Retrieved January 20, 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Peerless". Great Lakes Vessel Histories of Sterling Berry. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
  4. 1 2 "Peerless". Bowling Green State University . Retrieved December 21, 2018.
  5. 1 2 "Muskegon SS (+1910)". Wrecksite. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
  6. 1 2 3 "Muskegon-3D Wreck Tour". Indiana.gov. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
  7. "Listings of Indiana Shipwrecks". Indiana.gov. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
  8. Indiana Dunes National Park (July 10, 2024). "Shipwreck Site Near Mt Baldy to be Dedicated" (Press release). National Park Service . Retrieved August 3, 2024.