Sacred Heart Cathedral, Hohhot

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Sacred Heart Cathedral, Hohhot
呼和浩特耶稣圣心主教座堂
Hu He Hao Te Tian Zhu Tang Zheng Mian .jpg
Front façade of the cathedral in 2016
Sacred Heart Cathedral, Hohhot
40°48′39″N111°38′51″E / 40.8107°N 111.6475°E / 40.8107; 111.6475
LocationTongdao St, Huimin District, Hohhot
CountryChina
Denomination Catholic
History
Founded1924 (1924)
Dedication Most Sacred Heart of Jesus
Architecture
Style Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival
Completed1924
Construction cost50,000 silver pieces
Administration
Archdiocese Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Suiyuan

The Sacred Heart Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. It is the seat of the bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Suiyuan. [lower-alpha 1] The construction of the cathedral began in 1922 and it became the cathedral of the diocese in 1924. Currently, it is a Major Cultural Heritage Site under National-Level Protection in China.

Contents

History

In 1865, the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary assumed the missions in Inner Mongolia from the Vincentians. [1] They founded the first Catholic church in Hohhot, Shuang'ai Tang (双爱堂). It was destroyed in 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion. [2]

The cathedral photographed by the North China Transportation Company in 1939 during the Second Sino-Japanese War Hohhot cathedral 1939.jpg
The cathedral photographed by the North China Transportation Company in 1939 during the Second Sino-Japanese War

In 1922, the Catholic church established the Apostolic Vicariate of Suiyuan. The construction of the Sacred Heart Cathedral began in the same year. In 1924, the bishop's seat was moved from Ershisiqingdi  [ zh ] to the current cathedral. [3] [4] The construction cost 50,000 silver pieces. In 1938, the body of Louis van Dyck, former bishop of Suiyuan, was reburied at the cathedral. [3]

During the Cultural Revolution, the cathedral was used as a warehouse because of its size and stability. It was returned to Catholic use after 1980. [4] In 2013, it was listed as a Major Cultural Heritage Site under National-Level Protection. [5]

Architecture

The west gate of the cathedral. The cathedral's facade is visible on the top-right. Hu He Hao Te Tian Zhu Tang Xi Ce Yuan Men .jpg
The west gate of the cathedral. The cathedral's façade is visible on the top-right.

The cathedral's architectural style is a hybrid between Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival. [3] It faces west and has a floor area of around 600 square metres (6,500 sq ft). The front façade is 25 metres (82 ft) tall and 20 metres (66 ft) wide. [4] The cathedral was planned to have two bell towers, but only the northern one was built due to the lack of materials. The bell tower is 30 metres (98 ft) tall. [6] It once contained two bronze bells made in Europe in 1924, [7] but one of the bells was later lost. [8]

The episcopal residence is at the northeast of the cathedral. It was built after the cathedral in Neoclassical style. In 1934, another building was completed to the west of the episcopal residence. [7] An orphanage was built to the east of the cathedral. [7] [3] Currently, the episcopal residence is used by the Catholic Seminary of Inner Mongolia, [7] and the orphanage is used as private residence. [8]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Under the 1980 Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association districting, Hohhot is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Hohhot.

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References

Citations

  1. ↑ Fang 2004, p. 15.
  2. ↑ The History of Huimin District, Hohhot 1996, p. 452.
  3. 1 2 3 4 The History of Huimin District, Hohhot 1996, p. 453.
  4. 1 2 3 Fang 2004, p. 23.
  5. ↑ 第七批全国重点文物保护单位名单 [The Seventh Group of Major Cultural Heritage Sites under National-Level Protection](PDF). State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-05-12.
  6. ↑ Fang 2004, p. 24.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Fang 2004, p. 25.
  8. 1 2 Fang 2004, p. 29.

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