Sambas riots

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Sambas riots
Part of post-Suharto era
Locator map of Sambas Regency in West Kalimantan.svg
Location of the district (kabupaten) within the province of West Kalimantan on the island of Borneo.
Date1999
Location
Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Parties
Malay rioters
Dayak rioters
Madurese rioters
Casualties and losses
3,000 dead

The Sambas riots were an outbreak of inter-ethnic violence in Indonesia in 1999 in the regency of Sambas, West Kalimantan province and involved the Madurese on one side and an alliance of the indigenous Dayak people and Sambas Malays on the other.

Contents

Background

The Sambas riots in 1999 were not an isolated incident, as there had been previous incidents of violence between the Dayaks and the Madurese. The last major conflict occurred between December 1996 and January 1997, and resulted in more than 600 deaths. [1] The Madurese first arrived in Borneo in 1930 under the transmigration program initiated by the Dutch colonial administration, and continued by the Indonesian government. [2]

Massacres

After a Madurese mob massacred Malays in Parit Setia while they were exiting the local mosque after performing the Muslim Eid al-Fitr prayer, Malay mobs began large anti-Madurese riots. Later, Dayak mobs joined forces with the Malay. [3] Up to 3,000 Madurese were killed, and the Indonesian government did little to stop the violence. [4] Some of the Indonesian soldiers that were sent to quell the riots were attacked by the Sambas Malays and Dayaks due to their support for the Madurese. [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]

Further massacres

In 2001, another conflict broke out between the Madurese and Dayak that resulted in hundreds of deaths. It became known as the Sampit conflict. [11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Indonesia: The Violence in Central Kalimantan (Borneo)". Human Rights Watch. February 28, 2001. Retrieved August 13, 2008.
  2. ↑ Tri Nuke Pudjiastuti (June 2002). "Immigration and Conflict in Indonesia" (PDF). IUSSP Regional Population Conference, Bangkok. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 11, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2008.
  3. ↑ Professor Timo Kivimaki (December 28, 2012). Can Peace Research Make Peace?: Lessons in Academic Diplomacy. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 24. ISBN   978-1-4094-7188-2 . Retrieved March 20, 2014.
  4. ↑ Aglionby, John (March 20, 1999). "Renewed ethnic violence hits Indonesia as 62 die in Borneo". The Guardian.
  5. ↑ "Violence in Indonesian Borneo Spurs the Relocation of Ethnic Madurese". Cultural Survival. April 2010. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
  6. ↑ indahnesia.com. "The Sampit conflict - People - The Madurese and the Dayak - Discover Indonesia Online". indahnesia.com. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
  7. ↑ Braithwaite, John; Braithwaite, Valerie; Cookson, Michael; Dunn, Leah (2010). Anomie and Violence: Non-truth and Reconciliation in Indonesian Peacebuilding. ANU E Press. p. 299. ISBN   978-1-921666-23-0 . Retrieved March 20, 2014.
  8. ↑ Hedman, Eva-Lotta E. (2008). Conflict, Violence, and Displacement in Indonesia. SEAP Publications. p. 73. ISBN   978-0-87727-745-3 . Retrieved March 20, 2014.
  9. ↑ Bowen, John Richard (May 29, 2003). Islam, Law, and Equality in Indonesia: An Anthropology of Public Reasoning. Cambridge University Press. p. 62. ISBN   978-0-521-53189-4 . Retrieved March 20, 2014.
  10. ↑ Dawis, Aimee (2009). The Chinese of Indonesia and Their Search for Identity: The Relationship Between Collective Memory and the Media. Cambria Press. p. 90. ISBN   978-1-60497-606-9 . Retrieved March 20, 2014.
  11. ↑ Aglionby, John (February 24, 2001). "Jakarta's men watch as killers run riot". The Guardian.
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