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Samson Cerfberr of Medelsheim (born at Strasburg about 1780; committed suicide at Paris, 1826) was a French soldier and author.
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(March 2014) |
Samson Cerfberr of Medelsheim (born at Strasburg about 1780; committed suicide at Paris, 1826) was a French soldier and author.
A French Jew and relative of Herz Cerfbeer of Medelsheim, he was born in Strasbourg, France, and held office in Westphalia under the name[ clarification needed ] of "Medelsheim". He led an erratic and adventurous life, wandering over the world, changing his name and even his religion several times.
Cerfberr joined the Ottoman army as a mercenary, and converted into Islam, adopting the name Ibrahim Mansur Effendi. In 1813, he fought against the rebel Serbs in the Eyalet of Bosnia, serving alongside Osman Gradaščević in the district of Zvornik; the Serbs were eventually defeated after the arrival of the Ottoman Grand Vizier Hursid Pasha later that year.
At the end of the war he wandered throughout the East, sojourned for a time in Austria and in Nafplio, [1] and in the period of 1816–19 served in the army of Ali Pasha of Ioannina. [2]
On his return home Cerfberr published a work entitled Mémoires sur la Grèce et l'Albanie Pendant le Gouvernement d'Ali-Pacha (1826).
Ali Pasha, or Ali Pasha of Tepelena, commonly known as Ali Pasha of Ioannina, was an Albanian ruler who served as Ottoman pasha of the Pashalik of Yanina, a large part of western Rumelia. Under his rule, it acquired a high degree of autonomy and even managed to stay de facto independent. The capital of the Pashalik was Ioannina, which, along with Tepelena, was Ali's headquarters. Conceiving his territory in increasingly independent terms, Ali Pasha's correspondence and foreign Western correspondence frequently refer to the territories under Ali's control as "Albania." This, by Ali's definition, included central and southern Albania, and parts of mainland Greece; in particular, most of the district of Epirus and the western parts of Thessaly and Macedonia. He managed to stretch his control over the sanjaks of Yanina, Delvina, Vlora and Berat, Elbasan, Ohrid and Monastir, Görice, and Tirhala. Ali was granted the Sanjak of Tirhala in 1787, and he delegated its government in 1788 to his second-born Veli Pasha, who also became Pasha of the Morea Eyalet in 1807. Ali's eldest son, Muhtar Pasha, was granted the Sanjak of Karli-Eli and the Sanjak of Eğriboz in 1792, stretching for the first time Ali's control down to Livadia and the Gulf of Corinth, except Attica. Muhtar Pasha also became governor of the Sanjak of Ohrid in 1796–7 and of the Sanjak of Vlora and Berat in 1810.
René Primevère Lesson was a French surgeon, naturalist, ornithologist, and herpetologist.
Ami Boué was a geologist of French Huguenot origin. Born at Hamburg, he was trained in Edinburgh and across Europe. He travelled across Europe, studying geology, as well as ethnology, and is considered to be among the first to produce a geological map of the world.
Claude Alexandre, Count of Bonneval, was a French army officer who later went into the service of the Ottoman Empire, eventually converting to Islam and becoming known as Humbaracı Ahmet Paşa.
Jean-Baptiste Geneviève Marcellin Bory de Saint-Vincent was a French naturalist, officer and politician. He was born on 6 July 1778 in Agen (Lot-et-Garonne) and died on 22 December 1846 in Paris. Biologist and geographer, he was particularly interested in volcanology, systematics and botany. The standard author abbreviation Bory is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
François-Louis Nompar de Caumont Laporte, comte de Castelnau was a French naturalist, known also as François Laporte or Francis de Castelnau. The standard author abbreviation Castelnau is used to indicate him when citing a botanical name and zoological names other than insects. Laporte is typically used when citing an insect name, or Laporte de Castelnau.
Osman Gradaščević or Captain Osman (Osman-kapetan) was an Ottoman Bosnian captain of the military captaincy of Gradačac, which he was in control of since 1765. During his rule he was one of the most powerful and richest captains in Bosnia. He was responsible for the construction of the White mosque in Modriča along with a nearby travelers inn, another mosque, and a madrassa with a fountain in Gračanica, as well as another madrassa in Gradačac. In 1808 he also carried on with the previously started renovation of the family castle in Gradačac.
Nicolas Joseph Maison, 1st Marquis of Maison was a French military officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and as commander of the Morea expedition during the Greek War of Independence. He was made a Marshal of France in 1829 and served as Minister of War from 1835 to 1836.
Pashko Vasa, known as Vaso Pasha or Wassa Pasha, was an Albanian writer, poet and publicist of the Albanian National Awakening, and Ottoman mutasarrif of Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate from 1882 until his death.
The Morea expedition is the name given to the land intervention of the French Army in the Peloponnese between 1828 and 1833, at the time of the Greek War of Independence, with the aim of expelling the Ottoman-Egyptian occupation forces from the region. It was also accompanied by a scientific expedition mandated by the French Academy.
Maximilien Charles Alphonse Cerfberr of Medelsheim was a French journalist, writer and governmental official.
Mer-Égée was one of three short-lived French departments of Greece. It came into existence after Napoleon's conquest in 1797 of the Republic of Venice, when Venetian Greek possessions such as the Ionian islands fell to the French Directory.
François Charles Hugues Laurent Pouqueville was a French diplomat, writer, explorer, physician and historian, and member of the Institut de France.
Pierre-Édouard Lémontey was a French lawyer, politician, scholar, and historian.
Ismail Mustafa, Ismail Effendi Mustafa,Ismail Bey Mustapha, Ismail Mustafa al-Falaki or Ismail Pasha al-Falaki was an Egyptian astronomer and mathematician. Effendi, Bey and Pasha corresponded to the different ranks he attained along his career; "al-Falaki" was added to his name literally meaning "the astronomer". He was born in Cairo to a family of Turkish origin and was educated in Paris, France.
Jean-Louis Favier was a French diplomat and publicist. His memoirs are an important source for Russian history under Empress Elisabeth of Russia.
Jean-François-Maxime Raybaud was a French philhellene officer and writer, and a participant in the War of Independence of Greece.
The Campaign of Tlemcen or Tlemcen campaign was a military operation led by the Saadians of Mohammed ash-Sheikh against Tlemcen in 1557, then under the domination of the Regency of Algiers, a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. Mohammed ash-Sheikh, who wanted to conquer Algeria, occupied the city but failed to seize the Mechouar Palace, which was defended by a garrison of 500 men under the command of Caïd Saffa.
Dini Ahmed Abou Baker was the main Afar signatory of the March 1862 treaty that sold the western coast of Bab-el-Mandeb between Ras Ali and Doumeira to France for 10,000 thalers. He was the son of "sultan" Mohamed Hammed. According to Ahmed Dini, he is actually "sultan" of Rehayto under the name of Dini Mohamed Bourhan. He was one of Abubakr Pasha's nephews and in 1839, he was responsible for accompanying Rochet D'Hericourt through Afar territories. In 1842, he visited Paris, in the name of sultans of Tadjourah and Raheita, ceding territory from Ras Doumeira to Goubet El-Kharrab.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). The Jewish Encyclopedia . New York: Funk & Wagnalls.{{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) Source | International | |
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