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San Bartolomeo in Pantano is a Romanesque and Gothic style, Roman Catholic church in Pistoia, Tuscany, central Italy, dedicated to St. Bartholomew the Apostle. The pantano of the name refers to the once marshy area in which the building was located.
The church and the adjacent Benedictine abbey were founded during the Lombard domination of Italy, between 726 and 767, by the Lombard physician Gaiduald or Guidoaldo. The Benedictines were established under the protection of the Marquises of Tuscany. In 1001, the Marquis Ugo the Great died in the abbey. [1] The complex was first restored in the 12th century by Abbot Buono.
In 1433 the Benedictines, whose numbers had dwindled, were replaced by Canons Regular of the Lateran, which were related to the Augustinian canons. These were derived from the monastery associated with San Frediano. In the 17th-century, the monastery was given to the Vallumbrosan Order, which remained here in 1810, the church then becoming a parish church. [2]
The church gained its present appearance at the time of Buono in 1159, rebuilt in the Pistoiese Romanesque style. Characteristic of this style is the façade, divided into five compartments with arches supported by slender columns, and with a marble bichrome decoration. The portal in the facade is graced with notable Romanesque sculptures; the architrave has a row of standing individuals in togas, depicting "Jesus with the Twelve Apostles" (dated to 1167). Above are two male lions, one atop a guarding a recumbant man, the other atop a bird. Above the portal is a latin script.
The interior was much changed over the centuries, but a restoration held in 1951-1961 brought it to the original appearance. In the apse was found a Christ in Majesty between Saints and Angels from the late 13th century, attributed to Manfredino d'Alberto. The pulpit sculpted in the mid 13th century by Guido da Como was also restored. The wooden crucifix in the high altar is from an unknown sculptor with a style resembling that of Giovanni Pisano.
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval Europe characterized by semi-circular arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of the Romanesque style, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 11th century, this later date being the most commonly held. In the 12th century it developed into the Gothic style, marked by pointed arches. Examples of Romanesque architecture can be found across the continent, making it the first pan-European architectural style since Imperial Roman architecture. The Romanesque style in England is traditionally referred to as Norman architecture.
Pistoia is a city and comune in the Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of a province of the same name, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west and north of Florence and is crossed by the Ombrone Pistoiese, a tributary of the River Arno. It is a typical Italian medieval city, and it attracts many tourists, especially in the summer. The city is famous throughout Europe for its plant nurseries.
The Province of Lucca is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lucca.
The Basilica of San Frediano is a Romanesque church in Lucca, Italy, situated on the Piazza San Frediano.
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San Michele degli Scalzi is a church located in Piazza San Michele degli Scalzi, in the eastern part of Pisa, Italy. It had also been known as the church of San Michele degli Scalzi in Orticaia, referring to the swampy nature of the site at the time of its founding. The term Scalzi refers to the barefoot monks linked to the church. Dating back to the 11th century, it has been restored several times in the original Romanesque style.
The Cathedral of Sansepolcro is a Catholic church in Sansepolcro, Tuscany, central Italy.
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San Moderanno, also known as the Duomo of Berceto is a Romanesque-style, Roman Catholic church, formerly attached to an abbey, located on Piazza Duomo in the town of Berceto in the region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
San Pietro is a Roman Catholic pieve or rural parish church located on Piazza of the same name in the neighborhood of Seano, near the town of Carmignano, province of Prato, region of Tuscany, Italy.
Santa Maria in Pantano is a Romanesque-style, Roman Catholic church and former monastery outside of the town of Massa Martana, province of Perugia, Umbria, Italy.
San Francesco is a Gothic-style, Roman Catholic church located on the piazza of the same name in Pistoia, region of Tuscany, Italy.
