| History | |
|---|---|
 Spain | |
| Name | San Esteban |
| Owner | Spanish navy |
| In service | 1586 |
| Stricken | 20 September 1588 |
| Fate | Wrecked |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Carrack |
| Tons burthen | 736 |
| Length | 37.6 metres (123 ft) |
| Beam | 10.7 metres (35 ft) |
| Draught | 4.9 metres (16 ft) |
| Propulsion | Sail |
| Armament | 26 guns |
The San Esteban was a ship of the Spanish Armada that was wrecked on the west coast of Ireland in 1588. All the survivors were killed when they reached the shore or taken prisoner and later hanged.
The San Esteban was probably built in Cantabria in 1586. [1] She displaced 736 tons and had 26 guns. [2] She was 37.6 metres (123 ft) long, with a beam of 10.7 metres (35 ft) and a draught of 4.9 metres (16 ft). [3]
In October 1585 King Philip II of Spain decided to invade England. The Armada (fleet) would travel from Spain to the Netherlands, from where it would escort the invading army under Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma. [4] The San Esteban was assigned to the Guipuzcoa Squadron commanded by Almirante Miguel de Oquendo y Segura. [2] Her captain was Don Felipe de Córdoba. [1] She carried 196 soldiers and 68 mariners. [2]
The Armada set sail from Corunna on 19 July 1588, and entered the English Channel on 30 July. [5] The fleet was attacked by English ships repeatedly as it ran through the channel, and on the night of 7–8 August was attacked by fire ships. On 8 August there was a confused fight off Gravelines. [6] During this engagement the wind carried the Armada into the North Sea. It was not possible for it to return to escort Parma's troops, so the Spanish were forced to abandon the enterprise. [7]
The Armada attempted to return to Spain by sailing north, rounding Scotland, and returning along the west coast of Ireland. However, their charts were inaccurate and the Spanish were sailing in unfamiliar waters. 26 of the 128 ships were wrecked on the Irish coast. [8] The San Esteban was wrecked on 20 September 1588 near the mouth of the Doonbeg River, western Ireland. [9] The same day the San Marcos was wrecked near what is now called Spanish Point, Clare, and the Annunciada in the Scattery roads of the Shannon Estuary. [10]
Sixty men managed to reach shore from the San Esteban. [11] Some of the survivors were killed when they reached land by the local people or by the English soldiers. Others, including four from the San Marcos, were taken captive by Boetius Clancy, High Sheriff of Clare, and held at his castle near Spanish Point. He arranged for all the prisoners to be hung at Cnoc na Crocaire near Spanish Point. They were buried in a mass grave that continues to be called Tuama na Spaineach (Tomb of the Spanish). [12] Despite an exhaustive search, the exact site of the wreck remains uncertain. [10]
Spanish Point is a village in the parish of Milltown Malbay in County Clare on the west coast of Ireland. It has many holiday homes, and in winter a significantly smaller population. It is also one of the better known surf breaks in County Clare. The name refers to the wrecking of some ships of the Spanish Armada off the coast.
The Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) was an intermittent conflict between the Habsburg Kingdom of Spain and the Kingdom of England. It was never formally declared. The war included much English privateering against Spanish ships, and several widely separated battles. It began with England's military expedition in 1585 to what was then the Spanish Netherlands under the command of the Earl of Leicester, in support of the Dutch rebellion against Spanish Habsburg rule.
San Esteban may refer to:
The Spanish Armada was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from Lisbon in late May 1588 under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia, with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England. Medina Sidonia was an aristocrat without naval command experience but was made commander by King Philip II. The aim was to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I and her establishment of Protestantism in England, to stop English interference in the Spanish Netherlands, and to stop the harm caused by English and Dutch privateering ships that disrupted Spanish interests in the Americas.
The Spanish Armada in Ireland refers to the landfall made upon the coast of Ireland in September 1588 of a large portion of the 130-strong fleet sent by Philip II to invade England.
Francisco de Cuéllar was a Spanish sea captain who sailed with the Spanish Armada in 1588 and was wrecked on the coast of Ireland. He gave a remarkable account of his experiences in the fleet and on the run in Ireland.
San Salvador was a Spanish galleon of the Spanish Armada as part of the Guipúzcoan squadron of Miguel de Oquendo. She was damaged and captured as a result of the first encounter of the Armada with the Royal Navy in 1588. San Salvador was lost at sea in the English Channel later that same year.
The Sea Dogs were a group of English privateers authorised by Queen Elizabeth I to raid England's enemies, whether they were formally at with war with them or not. Active from 1560 onwards until Elizabeth's death in 1605, the Sea Dogs primarily attacked Spanish targets, both on land and on sea, particularly during the Anglo-Spanish War. Members of the Sea Dogs, including Sir John Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake, also engaged in illicit slave trading with Spanish colonies in the Americas.
The San Juan de Sicilia was one of the 130 ships that formed the ill-fated Spanish Armada of 1588. The ship was originally known as the Brod Martolosi, before it was seized to form part of the navy. It was one of 10 ships forming the Levant squadron, one of 8 squadrons that formed the entire armada.
Boetius Clancy or MacClancy was a 16th-century Irish landowner, MP and High Sheriff.
Admiral Juan Martínez de Recalde, KOS was a Spanish Navy officer who was named admiral of the fleet and second-in-command of the Spanish Armada, and commanded the San Juan de Portugal. He was a knight of the Order of Santiago.
The siege of Sluis of 1587 took place between 12 June and 4 August 1587, as part of the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604). Its capture by the Spanish formed a significant advance towards the Enterprise of England.
The Doonbeg is a river of County Clare, western Ireland. Its source is near Kilmaley, and it flows southward for about 7 miles before turning northwestward for about 15 miles and passing Cooraclare before flowing into the sea at Doonbeg. At Doonbeg village the N67 road crosses the river on a seven-arched stone bridge. On 20 September 1588, one of the ships of the Spanish Armada, the San Estaban, was wrecked near the mouth of Doonbeg.
The San Esteban was a galleon in the Spanish navy that was wrecked in a storm off the coast of France in 1607.
Kilmacrehy, sometimes also Kilmacreehy, is a civil parish in County Clare, Ireland. The ruins of the old parish church lie near the coastal village of Liscannor, which is also a part of the parish.
Santiago was a Spanish Armada supply ship that wrecked south of Bergen, Norway in 1588. It was built in 1551 probably in Flanders and, at 37 years old, was one of the oldest ships in the Armada. Santiago was an urca (hulk), a type of ship used to carry goods between northern Europe and southern Europe. Spanish authorities seized Santiago in 1587 while it lay in port in Sanlúcar de Barrameda and pressed it into service for the Armada’s planned invasion of England.
The Streedagh Armada wrecksite is the site of three shipwrecks of the Spanish Armada at Streedagh beach in north County Sligo, in northwest Ireland. The three ships are La Lavia, La Juliana, and the Santa Maria de Visón. All were part of the Levant squadron of the armada. The Lavia was the almiranta, or vice flagship of the fleet and carried the Judge Advocate General, Martin de Aranda, responsible for the discipline of the armada.
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