San Fermo Maggiore, Verona

Last updated
Church of San Fermo Maggiore
VeronaSFermoERustico.jpg
View of Apse
Religion
Affiliation Roman Catholic
Location
Location Verona, Veneto, Italy
Geographic coordinates 45°26′21″N11°00′00″E / 45.43917°N 11.00000°E / 45.43917; 11.00000
Architecture
TypeChurch
Style Romanesque and Gothic
Groundbreaking11th century
Completed15th century

San Fermo Maggiore is a Romanesque and Gothic church in central Verona. It is dedicated to Saints Firmus and Rusticus, brothers who are local martyrs from the 3rd century.

Contents

The exterior has a roofline with pinnacles, and the church once held the tomb of a member of the Scaligers. The interior has many medieval frescos, as well as later decoration, including the Brenzoni Monument (discussed below), an altarpiece of St Francis of Assisi by Giovanni Battista Belloti, whilst Veronese's Bevilacqua-Lazise Altarpiece was originally painted for a funerary chapel in the church. A crucifixion on the counter-façade is one of Turone's most significant works.

History

A church at this site may has been traced to the 8th century, and by the 11th century a second story and belltower was added by the Benedictine order. There is a "lower church" (chiesa inferiore) below the main church. The campanile was not completed until the 13th century, it contains six bells in F cast in 1755 and rung with the Veronese bellringing art. The presbytery hosts relics of the saints Fermo and Rustico.

Brenzoni Monument

This striking wall monument is by the Florentine sculptor Nanni di Bartolo, called "il Rosso" ("the redhead") and includes a Resurrection group of Christ, four sleeping soldiers, three angels, and two putti who hold back large canopy curtains, a Venetian style in wall tombs, that here gives the scene something of the effect of a tableau vivant . Above this a fresco Annunciation is the earliest major work by the painter Pisanello to survive. Pisanello was an established painter by this time, but most of his paintings had been frescos on secular subjects for palaces, all now gone. The whole is topped by a statue of a prophet. The monument was probably begun in the 1420s, with the frescos done by 1426, but only finished in 1439. [1]

Rosso is mentioned in the inscription ("Nanni" is a contraction of "Giovanni"):

QVEM GENUIT RUSSI FLORENTIA TUSCA IOHANNIS/ ISTUD SCULPSIT OPUS INGENIOSA MANUS: [2] ("The ingenious hand of Giovanni the redhead, a child of Tuscan Florence, carved this work." [3] )

Notes

  1. Olsen, 70; Seymour, 100
  2. Catalogo generale dei Beni Culturali Archived 2023-04-24 at the Wayback Machine ; Seymour, 100 has slightly different spelling
  3. Kindly translated by Andrew Dalby and others

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paolo Veronese</span> Italian Renaissance painter

Paolo Caliari, known as Paolo Veronese, was an Italian Renaissance painter based in Venice, known for extremely large history paintings of religion and mythology, such as The Wedding at Cana (1563) and The Feast in the House of Levi (1573). Included with Titian, a generation older, and Tintoretto, a decade senior, Veronese is one of the "great trio that dominated Venetian painting of the cinquecento" and the Late Renaissance in the 16th century. Known as a supreme colorist, and after an early period with Mannerism, Paolo Veronese developed a naturalist style of painting, influenced by Titian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Verona</span> City in Veneto, Italy

Verona is a city on the River Adige in Veneto, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region, and is the largest city municipality in the region and in northeastern Italy. The metropolitan area of Verona covers an area of 1,426 km2 (550.58 sq mi) and has a population of 714,310 inhabitants. It is one of the main tourist destinations in Northern Italy because of its artistic heritage and several annual fairs and shows as well as the opera season in the Arena, an ancient Roman amphitheater.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice</span> Church in Venice, Italy

The Basilica dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo, known in Venetian as San Zanipolo, is a Catholic minor basilica and Dominican conventual church in the Castello sestiere of Venice, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pisanello</span> 15th-century Italian artist

Pisanello, born Antonio di Puccio Pisano or Antonio di Puccio da Cereto, also erroneously called Vittore Pisano by Giorgio Vasari, was one of the most distinguished painters of the early Italian Renaissance and Quattrocento. He was acclaimed by poets such as Guarino da Verona and praised by humanists of his time, who compared him to such illustrious names as Cimabue, Phidias and Praxiteles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sant'Andrea della Valle</span> Roman Catholic basilica, a landmark of Rome, Italy

Sant'Andrea della Valle is a titular church and minor basilica in the rione of Sant'Eustachio of the city of Rome, Italy. The basilica is the seat of the general curia of the Theatines and is located on the Piazza Vidoni, at the intersection of Corso Vittorio Emanuele and Corso Rinascimento. It is one of the great 17th century preaching churches built by Counter-Reformation orders in the Centro Storico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vincenzo Foppa</span> Italian painter (c. 1427–1430 – c. 1515–1516)

Vincenzo Foppa was an Italian painter from the Renaissance period. While few of his works survive, he was an esteemed and influential painter during his time and is considered the preeminent leader of the Early Lombard School. He spent his career working for the Sforza family, Dukes of Milan, in Pavia, as well as various other patrons throughout Lombardy and Liguria. He lived and worked in his native Brescia during his later years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sant'Anna dei Lombardi</span> Church in Campania, Italy

Sant'Anna dei Lombardi,, and also known as Santa Maria di Monte Oliveto, is an ancient church and convent located in piazza Monteoliveto in central Naples, Italy. Across Monteoliveto street from the Fountain in the square is the Renaissance palace of Orsini di Gravina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernardino India</span> Italian painter

Bernardino India (1528–1590) was an Italian painter of the late Renaissance, born and mainly active in Verona.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liberale da Verona</span> Italian painter

Liberale da Verona (1441–1526) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Verona.

The decade of the 1440s in art involved some significant events.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Basilica of San Zeno, Verona</span> Church in Verona, Italy

The Basilica di San Zeno is a minor basilica of Verona, northern Italy constructed between 967 and 1398 AD. Its fame rests partly on its Romanesque architecture and partly upon the tradition that its crypt was the place of the marriage of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sant'Anastasia, Verona</span>

The chiesa di Sant'Anastasia, or the Basilica of Saint Anastasia is a church built by the Dominican Order in Verona, northern Italy. In Gothic style, it is the largest church in the city, located in its most ancient district, near the Ponte Pietra.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scaliger Tombs</span> Funerary monuments in Verona, Italy

The Scaliger Tombs is a group of five Gothic funerary monuments in Verona, Italy, celebrating the Scaliger family, who ruled in Verona from the 13th to the late 14th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Francesco della Vigna</span> Roman Catholic church in Venice, Italy

San Francesco della Vigna is a Roman Catholic church in the Sestiere of Castello in Venice, northern Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Giacomo Maggiore, Bologna</span> Church in Italy

The Basilica of San Giacomo Maggiore is an historic Roman Catholic church in Bologna, region of Emilia Romagna, Italy, serving a monastery of Augustinian friars. It was built starting in 1267 and houses, among the rest, the Bentivoglio Chapel, featuring numerous Renaissance artworks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abbey of Santa Giustina</span> 10th-century Benedictine abbey in Padua, Italy

The Abbey of Santa Giustina is a 10th-century Benedictine abbey complex located in front of the Prato della Valle in central Padua, region of Veneto, Italy. Adjacent to the former monastery is the basilica church of Santa Giustina, initially built in the 6th century, but whose present form derives from a 17th-century reconstruction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Artistic patronage of the Neapolitan Angevin dynasty</span>

The Artistic Patronage of the Neapolitan Angevin dynasty includes the creation of sculpture, architecture and paintings during the reigns of Charles I, Charles II and Robert of Anjou in the south of Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turone da Verona</span> Italian painter

Turone was an Italian architect, painter and illuminator, active in the Veronese area in the second half of the 14th century.

<i>Bevilacqua-Lazise Altarpiece</i> Painting by Paolo Veronese

The Bevilacqua-Lazise Altarpiece is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Italian Renaissance painter Paolo Veronese, from 1548. It is now held in Castelvecchio Museum, in Verona. It was commissioned by the Bevilaqua-Lazise family for their funerary chapel in the church of San Fermo Maggiore in Verona. Two members of the family are shown praying in the bottom corners, with John the Baptist and a bishop saint. The Virgin Mary and Jesus as a child are also depicted at the top of the painting, and are being attended to by angels. The altarpiece is an early work by Veronese, painted when his style still bore the strong imprint of his teacher Antonio Badile.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nanni di Bartolo</span> Florentine Renaissance sculptor

Nanni di Bartolo, also known as "il Rosso", was a Florentine sculptor of the Early Renaissance, a slightly younger contemporary of Donatello. His dates of birth and death are not known, but he is recorded as an active master from 1419 to 1451.

References