San Juan Copala

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San Juan Copala is a town in the municipality of Santiago Juxtlahuaca in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It is located at 17°11′14″N97°57′46″W / 17.18722°N 97.96278°W / 17.18722; -97.96278 , at an altitude of 1,578 meters above sea level. According to the 2005 census, carried out by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, San Juan Copala has a total of 786 inhabitants. [1]

San Juan Copala is exclusively inhabited by the indigenous people of the area, the Triqui.

Autonomy and political struggles

San Juan Copala was an independent municipality of Oaxaca from 1826 to 1948, when the state congress ordered its dissolution and annexation to the nearby territory of Santiago Juxtlahuaca. Since this annexation, Triqui people have been in a sometimes violent struggle with state and local authorities over the control and governance of their town. [2] Due to a large series of poliltical and social conflicts, in 2006 some residents of the town declared themselves an "Autonomous Municipality" following the example of the Municipios Autónomos Rebeldes Zapatistas in Chiapas.

It has been the setting of events that brought international attention to the human rights situation in Mexico in 2010, when human rights observers Jyri Jaakkola and Bety Cariño were murdered by members of the local paramilitary group UBISORT while trying to deliver humanitarian goods to San Juan Copala, which had been cut off from supplies such as food, medicine, electricity and water by a UBISORT blockade for several months. [3] [4]

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Copala may refer to:

Copala Triqui

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Alberta Cariño

Alberta "Bety" Cariño Trujillo, a Woman Human Rights Defender, was the director of CACTUS, a community organization in Oaxaca, Mexico. On April 27, 2010, she was killed when paramilitaries ambushed a caravan on its way to the indigenous autonomous community of San Juan Copala. The caravan, including local and international human rights observers, was delivering food to the community which has been under a blockade from paramilitaries allied with the state government. The gunmen also killed Jyri Jaakkola, a Finnish human rights activist, and more than ten people were wounded.

Jyri Antero Jaakkola was a Finnish human rights activist. He was on his way to San Juan Copala, a village of indigenous Trique people that has declared itself autonomous, as a human rights observer when he was shot dead by UBISORT, a paramilitary organization connected to Institutional Revolutionary Party. In the attack Alberta Cariño, an activist for the local organization CACTUS, was also shot dead and more than ten people were wounded.

The Autonomous Municipality of San Juan Copala is an entity made up of Trique Indians who declared their autonomy of the Mexican state in 2006 as a reaction to repression by the Mexican state, especially the Oaxacan government, whose leader Ulises Ruiz was targeted by the APPO movement at the time. The move is inspired by the Zapatista Movement in neighbouring Chiapas. It has since been the target of violent attacks by the local paramilitary groups UBISORT and MULT which are related to the PRI, the party of Ulises Ruiz.

Homún Municipality municipality in Yucatán, Mexico

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Mayapán Municipality Municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing

Mayapán Municipality is one of the 106 municipalities in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing (103.47 km2) of land and is roughly 95 km southeast of the city of Mérida.

San Juan Copala is home to the Triqui people who live in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Oaxaca, located in the Southwest of the country, has a population of more than 3.2 million and is home to "16 different ethnic indigenous groups." Triqui is an overarching linguistic group that includes three subgroups: Copala Triqui, Chicahuaxtla Triqui, and San Martín Triqui. The different subgroups are determined by where they live in the mountains: Copala Triqui is found in the lower region of Copala, San Martín Triqui is found in the middle area of San Martín Itunyoso, and Chicahuaxtla is found in the higher region of San Andrés de Chicahuaxtla. There are over 20,000 speakers of Triqui in this region: "15,000…in Copala; 6,000 in San Andrés Chicahuaxtla; 2,000 in San Martín Itunyoso."

References

  1. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. "Archivo histórico de localidades".
  2. López Bárcenas, Francisco: "El municipio autónomo de San Juan Copala". La Jornada, 10 de enero de 2007. Consultada el 27 de enero de 2011.
  3. San Juan Copala: crónica de una represión anunciada, Francisco López Bárcenas, La Jornada, Apr 29th, 2010, http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2010/04/29/index.php?article=009a1pol&section=opinion
  4. Paramilitaries Kill Two Human Rights Activists in Oaxaca, Democracy Now!, April 30, 2010 https://www.democracynow.org/2010/4/30/paramilitaries_kill_two_human_rights_activists

Coordinates: 17°11′N97°58′W / 17.183°N 97.967°W / 17.183; -97.967