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The Kashmiri Pandits are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. They belong to the Pancha Gauda Brahmin group from the Kashmir Valley, a mountainous region located within the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Kashmiri Pandits are Hindu Kashmiris native to the Kashmir Valley, and the only remaining Hindu Kashmiris after the large-scale of conversion of the Valley's population to Islam during the medieval times. Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. Even so, small numbers remain.
Kak is a Kashmiri Pandit surname and clan originating in the Kashmir Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Munshi is a Persian word, originally used for a contractor, writer, or secretary, and later used in Mughal India for native language teachers, teachers of various subjects, especially administrative principles, religious texts, science, and philosophy and were also secretaries and translators employed by Europeans.
Kashmiris are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language, that live, have lived, or their ancestors have lived, mostly, but not exclusively, in the Kashmir Valley, which is now in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Dhar or Dar is a Kashmiri surname and clan native to the Kashmir Valley in Jammu and Kashmir, India, and common today among Kashmiri Hindus and Kashmiri Muslims. Outside Kashmir, it is used by members of the Kashmiri diaspora, in places like Punjab, Bengal, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, and more commonly in recent times by the global Kashmiri Pandit diaspora following the Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus in 1989–1990.
Kichlu, also spelt Kitchlu, Kichloo or Kitchlew is a Kashmiri last-name and clan, originating in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The Kichlus are both Hindu and Muslim. The Kichlu sub-caste is a part of the larger Malmas gotras is one known as Paldeo Wasgaré, and this gotra embraces families belonging to the following Kráms, or tribal subdivisions: Sopuri-Pandit, Mála, Poot, Mirakhur, Kadlabaju, Kokru, Bangru, Bakáya, Khashu, Kichlu, Misri, Kar, and Mám.
Mattoo, also spelled Mattu, is a Kashmiri clan and surname. They are native to the Kashmir Valley within the Jammu & Kashmir, India.
Haksar is a Kashmiri Pandit surname and clan. They are native to the Kashmir Valley within the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and they have a long tradition of Indian administrative service based on fluency in a link language - Persian under the Mughals and English under the British. In light of this fact, the Haksar family historically became a prominent administrative family in other parts of India, namely in Indore and Gwalior.
Jalali is a Kashmiri surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Madan is a surname. In India it is found among Punjabi Aroras and Kashmiri Pandits.
Zutshi is a Kashmiri Pandit clan and surname, originating from the Kashmir Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Bhan is a Kashmiri Pandit clan and surname native to the Kashmir Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The Bhan Brahmin dynasty founded a erstwhile tribal hill state of Kashmir in the 10th century AD And it was ruled by the Bhan dynasty for two hundred years Now all the territory of this state of Bhan is found in Sidhnuti district of Azad Kashmir under present Pakistan: Bhan as a surname is also used by Punjabi Saraswat Brahmins.
Razdan is a Kashmiri hindu surname and clan that refers to the royal or aristocratic bloodline of old Kashmir, mostly attributed to the warriors of the Kashmir Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India. They are shavist people from the Kashmir Valley, belonging to the larger community of hindus and are widely known for their allegiance to Lord Shiva.
Pandit is an Indian and Nepalese Brahmin surname. When prefixed to a name, it denotes a scholar, for example, Pandita Ramabai or Pandit Nehru. A Hindu priest is also respectfully called Pandit ji.
Wali is a Kashmiri surname. Notable people with the name include:
Bazaz is a Kashmiri Pandit clan and surname native to the Kashmir Valley of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Tikoo, also spelt as Tickoo, Tikku, Tikhu or Ticku is a Kashmiri Pandit clan and surname native to the Kashmir Valley of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Thussu, also spelt as Thusu, Thusoo or Thussoo is a Kashmiri Pandit clan and surname native to the Kashmir Valley of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Thussu as a last-name is used by both Kashmiri Hindus and Kashmiri Muslims of Hindu lineage.
Fotedar or Fotadar is a Kashmiri clan, kram and surname native to the Kashmir Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
References
- ↑ Lawrence, Sir Walter Roper (2005). The Valley of Kashmir. Asian Educational Services. p. 304. ISBN 978-81-206-1630-1.
Among the leading Krams may be mentioned the following names:— Tikku, Razdan, Kak, Munshi, Mathu, Kachru, Pandit, Sapru, Bhan, Zitshu, Raina, Dar, Fotadar, Madan, Thusu, Wangnu, Muju, Hokhu, and Dulu.
- ↑ Schofield, Victoria (2003). Kashmir in conflict. I.B. Tauris & Co. p. 4. ISBN 1860648983 . Retrieved 25 June 2012., ...looms rose to 24,000 by 1813. Despite the religious oppression that many hindus were subjected , they were however, useful to the Afghans because of their administrative experience. Kashmiri Pandits were not prevented into entering into government service & there were some families whose names consistently appear in public service - the Dhars, Kauls, Tikkus & Saprus.
- ↑ Agrawal, Premendra (20 August 2014). Accursed & Jihadi Neighbour. Commercial Services. p. 86. ISBN 9788193051207 . Retrieved 5 April 2023.
Meaning of surnames found on the Kashmiri Pandit tree: Bakaya, Sapru, Bakshi, Munshi, Wazir, Chalkbast, Bhan, Langar or Langroo, Wattal, Bazaz, Taimini, Mattu, Chak, Zalpuri, Khar, Hazari, Zutshi, Razdan, Tikhu, Kathju, sopori, Thussoo, Haksar, Raina, Waloo or Wali, Wantu/Wanchu, Gamkhwar, Kakh, Mushran, Sharga, Handoo, Gurtu, Kitchlu, and Ganjoo.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Pandit, Bansi. Explore Kashmiri Pandits. Dharma Publications. ISBN 9780963479860 . Retrieved 2 December 2010.
- ↑ Raina, Mohini Qasba (13 November 2014). Kashur The Kashmiri Speaking People: Analytical Perspective. Partridge Singapore. p. 55. ISBN 9781482899450 . Retrieved 5 April 2023.
Among the leading Krams may be mentioned the following names: Tikku, Razdan, Kak, Munshi, Mathu, Kachru, Pandit, Sipru, Bhan, Zitshu, Raina, Dhar, Fotadar, Madan, Thusu, Wangnu, Muju, Hokhu, and Dulu. Of these the members of the Dhar family have probably been the most influential.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Mohan Kumar (1981). Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru: a political biography. Vipul Prakashan. Archived from the original on 8 July 2014. Retrieved 25 March 2007.
Even now there are many distinguished scholars of Persian among the Kashmiri Brahmins in India. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Raja Narendranath to mention two of them.
- ↑ Jai Narain Sharma (1998). Encyclopædia of eminent thinkers, Volume 17. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 9788170226840. Archived from the original on 11 October 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2007.
Mohammad Iqbal, the poet philosopher, was born on November 9, 1877 at Sialkot, and died at the peak of his glory and fame in the early hours of April 21, 1938 at Lahore. Sialkot is a border town on Pakistan side of the Punjab; only a few miles beyond the city on the Indian side begins the land man of Jammu and Kashmir. His grandfather, a Sapru Hindu, embraced Islam. He was the first cousin of Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru.
- ↑ D.K. Sapru at IMDb
- ↑ Tej Sapru at IMDb
- ↑ "Exclusive Interview with Jatin Sparu". 9 December 2017. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ↑ Syed Taffazull Hussain (13 July 2019). Sheikh Abdullah-A Biography: The Crucial Period 1905-1939. 2019 Edition. Syed Taffazull Hussain. ISBN 978-1-60481-603-7.
- ↑ Ajit Bhattacharjea (2008). Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah: Tragic Hero of Kashmir. Lotus collection/Roli Books. ISBN 9788174366719.