Sara Houcke (born 22 March 1977), [1] also known as The Tiger Whisperer, is a professional animal tamer who began working for the "Greatest Show on Earth" program at the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in 1999. Born into a centuries-old family of circus performers, she began training from a young age in various forms of circus acts. She joined a German circus upon reaching adulthood before becoming a multi-year tiger and elephant trainer at the Ringling Bros. Circus. Later, she joined the Grand Cirque de Saint Petersburg in the early 2010s and has remained caretaker of the animal menagerie and performer since.
Born in Torquay, England, to Sacha Houcke, a circus zebra and elephant handler, and Judith Benson, a once professional dancer who toured with the Barnum's Kaleidoscape act, Houcke is part of a seven-generational line of European circus performers that first started in the early 1800s. Her tiger-taming relatives include Gilbert Houcke and Sarah Rancy. Having grown up in the circus, she began performances at the age of two as a child clown while touring in Switzerland and later, by age 11, as a gymnastics performer in the animal act. [2] Her parents divorced when she was 15 and, alongside her younger sister, she was sent to a private school in Switzerland where she had to choose a vocation. She chose to study hairdressing to appease the school, but had no intention of doing any job outside of the circus. [3]
When she was 17, Houcke accepted a job offer to work with animals in a German circus. [4] In 1997, she was performing in Massy, France, for the circus involving a solo horse act. Approached by the vice president for talent and production for the Ringling Bros. circus, Tim Holst, she was offered a position as a zebra trainer. Not long after, she was instead officially hired in 1999 to become the trainer for the eight tigers at the Ringling Bros. circus during their United States tour working with veteran trainer Josip Marcan. [5]
She also videotaped her interactions and daily activities with the tigers, which resulted in her being invited onto multiple news broadcasts and interview shows, including the Today Show and Extra . Houcke is noted as having different mannerisms with the tigers as compared to past circus tamers, positively giving them instructions instead of using whips and other tools. [2] Her performances also forgo common mainstay items of past tamers, including flaming hoops and multistage platforms. The popularity of her act resulted in the circus including her in top billing for the show, which, as noted by The New York Times , has not been the case since Gunther Gebel-Williams was the head tiger tamer at the circus. The nature of her performance including hand feeding and using quiet commands in English and German has resulted in her being dubbed "the tiger whisperer". [5]
Through the circus's conservation work, the Ringling Bros. Center for Elephant Conservation was built in Florida and one of the elephants born in April 2002 was named Sara after Houcke. [6] Her performances starting in 2003 would feature elephants in addition to tigers. [7] She later left the Ringling Bros. circus and, by 2012, was working with the Grand Cirque de Saint Petersburg as a tiger and elephant trainer, [8] specifically Indian elephants and Siberian tigers. [9] She is also in charge of the circus' entire animal menagerie. [10]
Houcke had a son in 2012. [8]
The Greatest Show on Earth is a 1952 American drama film produced and directed by Cecil B. DeMille, shot in Technicolor and released by Paramount Pictures. Set in the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, the film stars Betty Hutton and Cornel Wilde as trapeze artists competing for the center ring and Charlton Heston as the circus manager. James Stewart also stars as a mysterious clown who never removes his makeup, and Dorothy Lamour and Gloria Grahame also play supporting roles.
A circus is a company of performers who put on diverse entertainment shows that may include clowns, acrobats, trained animals, trapeze acts, musicians, dancers, hoopers, tightrope walkers, jugglers, magicians, ventriloquists, and unicyclists as well as other object manipulation and stunt-oriented artists. The term circus also describes the field of performance, training and community which has followed various formats through its 250-year modern history. Although not the inventor of the medium, Newcastle-under-Lyme born Philip Astley is credited as the father of the modern circus.
Phineas Taylor Barnum was an American showman, businessman and politician remembered for promoting celebrated hoaxes and founding the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus with James Anthony Bailey.
Hachaliah Lyman Bailey was the founder of one of America's earliest circuses. In 1808, he purchased an Indian elephant which he named "Old Bet" and which was one of the first such animals to reach America. With "Old Bet" as its main attraction, he formed the Bailey Circus, which also included a trained dog, several pigs, a horse and four wagons. This was the impetus for what in time evolved into the Bailey component of what became the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus.
The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, also known as the Ringling Bros. Circus, Ringling Bros., the Barnum & Bailey Circus, Barnum & Bailey, or simply Ringling, is an American traveling circus company billed as The Greatest Show on Earth. It and its predecessor have run shows from 1871, with a hiatus from 2017 to 2023. They operate as Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey. The circus started in 1919 when the Barnum & Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth, a circus created by P. T. Barnum and James Anthony Bailey, was merged with the Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows. The Ringling brothers purchased Barnum & Bailey Ltd. in 1907 following Bailey's death in 1906, but ran the circuses separately until they were merged in 1919.
Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows is a circus founded in Baraboo, Wisconsin, United States in 1884 by five of the seven Ringling brothers: Albert, August, Otto, Alfred T., Charles, John, and Henry. The Ringling brothers were sons of a German immigrant, August Frederick Rüngeling, who changed his name to Ringling once he settled in America. Four brothers were born in McGregor, Iowa: Alf T., Charles, John and Henry. The Ringling family lived in McGregor, Iowa, for twelve years, from 1860 until 1872. The family then lived in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and moved to Baraboo, Wisconsin, in 1875. In 1907 Ringling Bros. acquired the Barnum & Bailey Circus, merging them in 1919 to become Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, promoted as The Greatest Show on Earth. Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey closed on May 21, 2017, following weakening attendance and high operating costs.
A circus train is a method of conveyance for circus troupes. One of the larger users of circus trains was the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (RBBX), a famous American circus formed when the Ringling Brothers Circus purchased the Barnum and Bailey Circus in 1907.
Mabel Stark, whose real name was Mary Ann Haynie, was a renowned tiger trainer of the 1920s. She was referred to as one of the world's first women tiger trainers/tamers. In its belated obituary, The New York Times lauded Stark as "one of the most celebrated animal trainers in a field dominated by men."
Lion taming is the taming and training of lions, either for protection or for use in entertainment, such as the circus. The term often applies to the taming and display of lions and other big cats such as tigers, leopards, jaguars, black panthers, cheetahs, and cougars. People often use lion taming as a metaphor for any dangerous activity. Lion taming occurs in zoos around the world to enable the keepers to carry out medical procedures and feedings.
Gunther Gebel-Williams was an animal trainer for Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus from 1968 to 1990.
The Center for Elephant Conservation (CEC) is a 200-acre (0.81 km2) breeding farm and retirement facility for elephants in Polk City, Florida, opened in 1995. The CEC is solely sponsored by Feld Entertainment, the holding company which operated the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus from the 1960s until 2017.
The Hagenbeck–Wallace Circus was a circus that traveled across America in the early part of the 20th century. At its peak, it was the second-largest circus in America next to Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus. It was based in Peru, Indiana.
Adam John Forepaugh was an American horse trader and circus owner. From 1865 through 1890 his circus operated under various names including Forepaugh's Circus, Forepaugh's Gigantic Circus and Menagerie, The Forepaugh Show, 4-PAW Show, The Adam Forepaugh Circus, and Forepaugh & The Wild West.
Tyke was a female African bush elephant from Mozambique who performed with Circus International of Honolulu, Hawaii. On August 20, 1994, during a performance at the Neal Blaisdell Center, she killed her trainer, Allen Campbell, and seriously injured her groomer, Dallas Beckwith. Tyke then ran from the arena and through the streets of the Kakaʻako central business district for more than thirty minutes. Unable to calm the elephant, local police opened fire on the animal, which collapsed from the wounds and died. While the majority of the attack in the arena was recorded on consumer videotape by several spectators, additional professional video footage captured the attack on local publicist Steve Hirano and the shooting of Tyke herself.
Bill Ballantine (1910–1999) was an American writer and illustrator of circus subjects, as well as a professional clown.
The Sells Floto Circus was a combination of the Floto Dog & Pony Show and the Sells Brothers Circus that toured with sideshow acts in the United States and Canada during the early 1900s.
Al G. Barnes Circus was an American circus run by Alpheus George Barnes Stonehouse that operated from 1898 to 1938.
William Snyder was the head keeper at the Central Park Zoo where he instituted a system of animal swaps with other zoos.
Barnum's Kaleidoscape was an American circus staged by Feld Entertainment, the owners of Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, at a start-up cost of $10 million. It ran for one season, 1999–2000. Inspired by both European traditions and the contemporary circus movement, it was the first Ringling show to be held under a tent since 1956 and also its first one-ring presentation in more than a century. The tent was carpeted with wood flooring and amenities to create an intimate setting with seating for 1,800 on cushioned seats and sofas and no one further than 50 feet from the circus ring. Besides traditional circus fare like popcorn upscale items such as cappuccino and veggie wraps were offered. The show consisted of 62 performers, 54 crew members, 8 horses and 27 geese, with 50 trucks involved in moving it from site to site.
Isaac A. Van Amburgh (1808–1865) was an American animal trainer who developed the first trained wild animal act in modern times. By introducing jungle acts into the circus, Van Amburgh paved the way for combining menageries with circuses. After that, menageries began using equestrian and clown performances in circus rings. Gradually the distinction between circus and menagerie faded.