Sayward Valley

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Sayward Valley is a low-lying area in northeastern Vancouver Island. It is occupied by a floodplain of the Salmon River. The soils there have variable drainage and are mostly of loam texture. Upland soils in the valley have clay loam to gravelly loamy sand texture and show podzol profile development in most cases.

Vancouver Island Island on the western coast of Canada

Vancouver Island is in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The island is 460 kilometres (290 mi) in length, 100 kilometres (62 mi) in width at its widest point, and 32,134 km2 (12,407 sq mi) in area. It is the largest island on the West Coast of North America.

Floodplain Land adjacent to a stream or river which is flooded during periods of high discharge

A floodplain or flood plain is an area of land adjacent to a stream or river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge. The soils usually consist of levees, silts, and sands deposited during floods. Levees are the heaviest materials and they are deposited first; silts and sands are finer materials.

Salmon River (Vancouver Island) watercourse in Canada

The Salmon River is a river in the north of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. Its headwaters lie in Strathcona Park. It flows northwest, entering Johnstone Strait and the Pacific Ocean near the town of Kelsey Bay. The river supports steelhead and several species of Pacific salmon.

Forest vegetation is dominated by large Douglas-fir, western hemlock and western red cedar. Other large trees include grand fir (at its northern limit), Sitka spruce, western white pine, black cottonwood, red alder and bigleaf maple.

Western white pine species of plant, Western White Pine

Western white pine also called silver pine, and California mountain pine, in the family Pinaceae, is a species of pine that occurs in the mountains of the western United States and Canada, specifically the Sierra Nevada, the Cascade Range, the Coast Range, and the northern Rocky Mountains. The tree extends down to sea level in many areas, particularly in Oregon and Washington. It is the state tree of Idaho, and is sometimes known as the Idaho pine.

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Mount Mitchell mountain

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Pacific temperate rainforests (WWF ecoregion)

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Quadra Island island

Quadra Island is an island off the eastern coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, part of the Discovery Islands located within the Strathcona Regional District. Quadra Island is about 35 kilometres from its northernmost point to its southernmost point. The island at its narrowest point, on its southern peninsula, is less than 2 km (1.24 mi) wide, and at its widest point, about 15 km (9 mi) wide. Quadra island is about 310 square kilometres in area. The population of island and surrounding mainland inlets, as of the 2006 federal census, was 2,472, down from the 2001 federal census count of 2,548. In 1903 it was named after the Spanish navigator Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra, who explored and settled the Vancouver Island area in the late 18th century. It is separated from Vancouver Island by Discovery Passage, and from Cortes Island, and is linked to that island by a ferry from Heriot Bay on its eastern shore. The island has many beaches, trails, lakes, and parks. Main Lake Provincial Park is located on the northern part of the island, and Rebecca Spit Marine Provincial Park is on the eastern shore, near Heriot Bay.

Hornby Island island in Canada

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Uplands, Victoria is a 465-acre neighbourhood located in the north east part of the District of Oak Bay, a suburb adjacent to Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, and situated between the neighbourhoods of Cadboro Bay and North Oak Bay. Uplands is a prominent example of a garden suburb designed in the early part of the 20th century.

Denman Island island in Canada

Denman Island, or Sla-dai-aich (Taystayic), its indigenous name, is one of the Northern Gulf Islands and part of the Comox Valley Regional District of British Columbia, Canada, and is home to a small community of 1,022 year-round residents.

Soil texture is a classification instrument used both in the field and laboratory to determine soil classes based on their physical texture. Soil texture can be determined using qualitative methods such as texture by feel, and quantitative methods such as the hydrometer method. Soil texture has agricultural applications such as determining crop suitability and to predict the response of the soil to environmental and management conditions such as drought or calcium (lime) requirements. Soil texture focuses on the particles that are less than two millimeters in diameter which include sand, silt, and clay. The USDA soil taxonomy and WRB soil classification systems use 12 textural classes whereas the UK-ADAS system uses 11. These classifications are based on the percentages of sand, silt, and clay in the soil..

John Dean Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. The park is located on and around Mount Newton, a small mountain in the middle of the Saanich Peninsula, north of Victoria. The park is named after John Dean, who was a pioneer of the area and erected a cabin close to what is now the center of the park. Dean donated the original land which became the park in 1921, which was later expanded. Dean's cabin was razed in 1957, but the foundation and much of the building material remains, and the site is marked with a signpost.

Koksilah Ridge

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Eagle Heights

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Santa Rosa Creek stream in California

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San Joaquin (soil) soil type

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Coast Range (EPA ecoregion)

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Willamette Valley (ecoregion)

The Willamette Valley ecoregion is a Level III ecoregion designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. Slightly larger than the Willamette Valley for which it is named, the ecoregion contains fluvial terraces and floodplains of the Willamette River system, scattered hills, buttes, and adjacent foothills. It is distinguished from the neighboring Coast Range, Cascades, and Klamath Mountains ecoregions by lower precipitation, lower elevation, less relief, and a different mosaic of vegetation. Mean annual rainfall is 37 to 60 inches, and summers are generally dry. Historically, the region was covered by rolling prairies, oak savanna, coniferous forests, extensive wetlands, and deciduous riparian forests. Today, it contains the bulk of Oregon's population, industry, commerce, and agriculture. Productive soils and a temperate climate make it one of the most important agricultural areas in Oregon.

<i>Laminated root rot</i> plant disease

Laminated root rot also known as yellow ring rot is caused by the fungal pathogen Phellinus weirii. Laminated root rot is one of the most damaging root disease amongst conifers in northwestern America and true firs, Douglas-fir, Mountain hemlock, and Western hemlock are highly susceptible to infection with P. weirii. A few species of plants such as Western white pine and Lodgepole pine are tolerant to the pathogen while Ponderosa pine is resistant to it. Only hardwoods are known to be immune to the pathogen.

Yamaska National Park is a provincial park centered on the man-made Choiniere Reservoir. It is located in the municipalities of Roxton Pond and Saint-Joachim-de-Shefford in La Haute-Yamaska Regional County Municipality, just northeast of Granby, Quebec. Its undulating hilly landscape is supported by slate and sandstone bedrock. The main soil is a stony sandy loam podzol which has been mapped as the Racine series—one of the most acidic soils in the area.

Little River Nature Park is a protected area on the eastern shore of Vancouver Island in the Comox Valley Regional District. It is home to beaches, man-made ponds, an estuarine marsh, and well-drained forests dominated by Douglas-fir. The park is underlain by sand and gravel which was locally extracted in open pits; these have since become the ponds.

Lazo Wildlife Park is a protected area on eastern Vancouver Island in the Comox Valley Regional District(CVRD). It lies at the north end of Lazo Marsh and its entrance is at the end of Sand Pines Drive in Comox. Part of the park lies on the Comox Sandhills in which the forest contains a large proportion of Shore Pine. Douglas-Fir, Western White Pine and Western Red Cedar are prominent among the other tree species present. Bird life is dominated by nesting populations of ducks and geese. Soils in the area were mapped in 1959 as Arrowsmith peat and Kye-Custer complex of rapidly to imperfectly drained sandy podzols.

Comox Sandhills represents an ancient sand dune system in the Comox Valley near Cape Lazo, British Columbia. The dunes have been overgrown by a forest of Douglas-Fir and Shore Pine, which are joined by Western Hemlock, Western White Pine, Sitka Spruce, Western Red Cedar and Red Alder in moist areas. Classic podzol soil profile development was the rule, mapped as Kye-Custer complex ("Ky-Cu") in a 1959 survey; however, housing developments have since disturbed the area and disrupted soil profiles so that many of the soils no longer resemble podzols. As a result, a 1985 report mapped the Sandhills in a brunisolic (Kuhushan) soil association.

Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve situated in Vancouver Island on the west coast of British Columbia. A diverse range of ecosystems exist within the biosphere reserve boundaries, including temperate coastal rainforest, ocean and rocky coastal shores.

References

Day, J.H., L. Farstad, and D.G. Laird, 1959. Soil Survey of Southeast Vancouver Island and Gulf Islands, British Columbia. B.C. Soil Survey, Rept. No. 6, Can. Dept. Agric.

Coordinates: 50°21′58″N125°55′34″W / 50.366°N 125.926°W / 50.366; -125.926

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.