Schuttberg (English: debris hill) is a German term for a mound made of rubble or out of a rubbish heap.
Many were amassed following the extensive damage from strategic bombing during World War II. These types are more specifically termed Trümmerberg (rubble mountain) and are known colloquially by various namesakes such as Mont Klamott (Mount Rag), Monte Scherbelino (Mount Shard), and Scherbelberg (Shard Mountain). Most major cities in Germany have at least one Schuttberg.
| City | Trümmerberg | Elevation (above sea level) | Height (relative) | Volume |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berlin | Teufelsberg | 114.7 meters (376 ft) | 55 meters (180 ft) | 12 million m3 (420 million cu ft) |
| Berlin | Oderbruchkippe (Volkspark Prenzlauer Berg) | 91 meters (299 ft) | 3 million m3 (110 million cu ft) | |
| Berlin | Dörferblick | 86 meters (282 ft) | ||
| Berlin | Humboldthöhe | 85 meters (279 ft) | ||
| Berlin | Großer and Kleiner Bunkerberg (Volkspark Friedrichshain) | 78 meters (256 ft) | 40 meters (130 ft) | 2.5 million m3 (88 million cu ft) |
| Berlin | Insulaner | 75 meters (246 ft) | ||
| Berlin | Tempelhofer Marienhöhe | 73 meters (240 ft) | 0.19 million m3 (6.7 million cu ft) | |
| Berlin | Rixdorfer Höhe | 68 meters (223 ft) | ||
| Cologne | Herkulesberg | 72.2 meters (237 ft) | approx. 25 meters (82 ft) | |
| Dresden | Trümmerberg in Ostragehege | |||
| Frankfurt am Main | Monte Scherbelino | 172.5 meters (566 ft) | approx. 47 meters (154 ft) | 10 to 12 million m3 (350 to 420 million cu ft) |
| Hannover | Monte Müllo | 122 meters (400 ft) | approx. 65 meters (213 ft) | |
| Leipzig | Fockeberg | 153 meters (502 ft) | approx. 40 meters (130 ft) | |
| Mönchengladbach | Rheydter Höhe | 133 meters (436 ft) | 64 meters (210 ft) | |
| Munich | Olympiaberg | 567 meters (1,860 ft) | 50 meters (160 ft) | |
| Munich | Luitpoldhügel | 540 meters (1,770 ft) | 37 meters (121 ft) | |
| Munich | Neuhofener Berg | 2.5 million m3 (88 million cu ft) [1] | ||
| Nuremberg | Silberbuck | 356 meters (1,168 ft) | 38 meters (125 ft) | 5.53 million m3 (195 million cu ft) (approx. 0.66 million m3 (23 million cu ft) below the water level of Silbersee) [2] |
| Pforzheim | Wallberg | 418 meters (1,371 ft) | 40 meters (130 ft) | 1.65 million m3 (58 million cu ft) |
| Stuttgart | Birkenkopf | 511 meters (1,677 ft) | 40 meters (130 ft) | 1.5 million m3 (53 million cu ft) |
| Stuttgart | Grüner Heiner | 395 meters (1,296 ft) | 70 meters (230 ft) |
The amount of debris in Berlin is about 15 percent of the total rubble in the whole of Germany. [3]
To remove and recycle the rubble the city authorities in the autumn of 1945 created the non-profit Trümmerverwertungsgesellschaft which was tasked with removing the rubble and recycling it. Initially the removed rubble was piled up on a rubble mountain called Monte Scherbelino, before the material was recycled and processed to such an extent that by 1964 the pile of rubble had completely disappeared.
Silberbuck is in the Dutzendteich recreation area and former Reichsparteitagsgelände. The Silbersee is at the base of the disposal. The lake is contaminated with various toxic substances. Although swimming in the water is prohibited, about 50 people have lost their lives in the water since the end of World War II.[ citation needed ]
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Karl Friedrich May was a German author. He is best known for his novels of travels and adventures, set in the American Old West, the Orient, the Middle East, Latin America, China and Germany. He also wrote poetry, a play, and composed music. He was a proficient player of several musical instruments. Many of his works were adapted for film, theatre, audio dramas and comics. Later in his career, May turned to philosophical and spiritual genres. He is one of the best-selling German writers of all time, with about 200,000,000 copies sold worldwide.
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Zero hour is a term referring to the capitulation at midnight on 8 May 1945 and the immediately following weeks in Germany. It marked the end of World War II in Europe and the start of a new, non-Nazi Germany. It was partly an attempt by Germany to dissociate itself from the Nazis. Denazification was encouraged by the Allies occupying Germany.
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains.
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Trümmerfilm was an aesthetic choice for those films made directly after World War II dealing with the impact of the battles in the countries at the center of the war. The style was mostly used by filmmakers in the rebuilding film industries of Eastern Europe, Italy and the former Nazi Germany. The style is characterized by its use of location exteriors among the "rubble" of bombed-down cities to bring the gritty, depressing reality of the lives of the civilian survivors in those early years.
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Demolition waste is waste debris from destruction of buildings, roads, bridges, or other structures. Debris varies in composition, but the major components, by weight, in the US include concrete, wood products, asphalt shingles, brick and clay tile, steel, and drywall. There is the potential to recycle many elements of demolition waste.
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