The Second Bay Tradition (or Second Bay Area Tradition) is an architectural style from the period of 1928 through 1942 that was rooted in San Francisco and the greater Bay Area. Also referred to as "redwood post and beam", [1] the style is characterized by a rustic, woodsy philosophy and features sleek lines and machine aesthetic. Associated with European Modernism, [2] the architects Gardner Dailey, William Merchant, Henry Hill, and William Wurster designed in the style. A repository of drawings and specifications from the tradition are housed at the Environmental Design Archives at the University of California, Berkeley. [3]
The Second Bay Area Tradition began in the 1920s, with William Wurster emerging as a key figure. His ranch-style house, Gregory Farmhouse, built in 1928 in Scotts Valley, California exemplified this phase. After World War II, the tradition continued with contributions from Wurster, Gardner Dailey, and John Funk, joined by Joseph Esherick, Mario Corbett, Roger Lee, and Henry Hill. The Third Bay Tradition phase followed, spanning from 1945 through the 1980s. [4]
Bernard Ralph Maybeck was an American architect in the Arts and Crafts Movement of the early 20th century. He worked primarily in the San Francisco Bay Area, designing public buildings, including the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco, and also private houses, especially in Berkeley, where he lived and taught at the University of California. A number of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Thomas Dolliver Church was a 20th century landscape architect based in California. He is a nationally recognized as one of the pioneer landscape designers of Modernism in garden landscape design known as the 'California Style'. His design studio was in San Francisco from 1933 to 1977.
Joseph Esherick was an American architect. He is known for his work in Sea Ranch, California and in the San Francisco Bay Area.
William Wilson Wurster was an American architect and architectural teacher at the University of California, Berkeley, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, best known for his residential designs in California.
The campus of the University of California, Berkeley, and its surrounding community are home to a number of notable buildings by early 20th-century campus architect John Galen Howard, his peer Bernard Maybeck, and their colleague Julia Morgan. Subsequent tenures as supervising architect held by George W. Kelham and Arthur Brown, Jr. saw the addition of several buildings in neoclassical and other revival styles, while the building boom after World War II introduced modernist buildings by architects such as Vernon DeMars, Joseph Esherick, John Carl Warnecke, Gardner Dailey, Anshen & Allen, and Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. Recent decades have seen additions including the postmodernist Haas School of Business by Charles Willard Moore, Soda Hall by Edward Larrabee Barnes, and the East Asian Library by Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects.
Ernest Born (1898−1992) was an architect, designer, and artist based in California. He and his wife Esther Baum Born (1902−1987) collaborated on diverse projects in the San Francisco Bay Area from 1936 on. She was also a notable architectural photographer.
Ernest Albert Coxhead (1863–1933) was an English-born architect, active in the United States. He was trained in the offices of several English architects and attended the Royal Academy and the Architectural Association School of Architecture, both in London. He moved to California where he was the semi-official architect for the Episcopal Church. At the beginning of his career, Ernest Coxhead focused on designing churches, primarily in the Gothic Revival style. After the mid-1890s, Coxhead focused on residential designs. He was involved in the emergence of the Arts and Crafts style in California. He succeeded in designing residences that incorporated the elements and character of the English country house - shingled, Arts and Crafts style English Vernacular Cottages that combined elements from different periods for dramatic effect.
George William Kelham (1871–1936) was an American architect, he was most active in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Henrik Helkand Bull was a founder of Bull Stockwell Allen / BSA Architects in San Francisco in 1967.
Albert Henry Hill was an American architect. Hill played a significant role in the development of the Second Bay Tradition architectural style.
Roger Lee (1920–1981) was a Chinese-American modernist architect who designed more than 100 houses and other projects in Northern California, Nevada, and Hawaii. Most of his work was done during the 1950s and 1960s, and mainly in the San Francisco Bay Area. He has been referred to as an architect who "designed high style for the middle class," and is today considered one of "the forgotten mid-century modernist" architects. Lee was also one of the few Chinese American architects in the nation when he first received his license in 1947.He was regarded as one of the most brainy architect of his times because of his unconventional modernist way of designs.
Esherick Homsey Dodge and Davis is a United States-based architecture, interiors, planning and urban design firm. EHDD is ranked among the top 20 architecture firms in the San Francisco Bay Area where it is headquartered, and is recognized for collaboration, commitment to innovation and investigation, and responsiveness to location, light, and climate.
A. C. Schweinfurth (1864–1900), born Albert Cicero Schweinfurth, was an American architect. He is associated with the First Bay Tradition, an architectural style from the period of the 1880s to early 1920s.
First Bay Tradition was an architectural style from the period of the 1880s to early 1920s. Sometimes considered as a regional interpretation of the Eastern Shingle Style, it came as a reaction to the classicism of Beaux-Arts architecture. Its characteristics included a link to nature and use of locally sourced materials such as redwood. It also incorporated an emphasis on craftsmanship, volume, form, and asymmetry. The tradition was rooted in San Francisco and the greater Bay Area. The Environmental Design Archives at the University of California, Berkeley house a repository of drawings and specifications associated with this tradition.
The Third Bay Tradition is an architectural style from the period of 1945 through the 1980s that was rooted in the greater San Francisco Bay Area, with its best known example being Sea Ranch. Considered a hybrid of modern and vernacular styles, the tradition was codified by the design works of Donlyn Lyndon, Charles Moore, Marcel Sedletzky, and William Turnbull.
The Unitarian Universalist Church of Berkeley (UUCB) was founded as the First Unitarian Church of Berkeley in Berkeley, California in 1891 and moved to Kensington, California in 1961. It is one of the oldest and largest Unitarian Universalist churches on the West Coast and has had many distinguished members, including numerous professors at the University of California, Berkeley. It is highly regarded for its music program as well as its series of renowned ministers and its many avenues for spiritual growth, learning, and social action.
Donald Olsen (July 23, 1919—March 21, 2015) was an American architect and educator. He was an important mid-20th-century San Francisco Bay Area modernist architect.
Alice Ross Carey was an American preservation architect, advocate, and early practitioner of historic preservation, restoration, and reuse.
Jack Hillmer (1918–2007) was an American architect based in San Francisco, California. An exponent of what Lewis Mumford called the "Bay Region style," Hillmer is known for his meticulously hand-crafted modernist homes built from redwood. Jack Hillmer's most notable projects include the Ludekens house on Belvedere island, the Munger house in Napa, and the Cagliostro house in Berkeley. Architectural writer Alan Hess called Jack Hillmer "one of the most original architects produced by California."
Gardner Acton Dailey (1895-1967) was an American architect, active in the San Francisco area in the 20th century.