Years active | 1945–1980s |
---|---|
Influences | Vernacular architecture |
The Third Bay Tradition is an architectural style from the period of 1945 through the 1980s that was rooted in the greater San Francisco Bay Area, with its best known example being Sea Ranch. Considered a hybrid of modern and vernacular styles, [1] the tradition was codified by the design works of Donlyn Lyndon, Charles Moore, Marcel Sedletzky, and William Turnbull.
The style was characterized by turning the horizontal form of the California ranch house into a vertical form that resembled the vernacular farm building. [2] The tradition had playful, woodsy, and informal characteristics. It was environmentally attentive, though more abstract. It was cubistic and featured dramatic natural light. [3]
According to San Francisco's planning committee, characteristics of a Third Bay Tradition house include "wood shingle cladding, plain wood siding, square bay windows, asymmetrical massing, ribbon windows, and shed roof forms". [4]
The Esther M. Hill House blends geometric forms with natural materials found in the American Craftsman tradition. The residence has an open plan and is an example of the Third Bay Tradition style. [5]
A repository of plans from the tradition are housed at the Environmental Design Archives at the University of California, Berkeley. [6]
Bernard Ralph Maybeck was an American architect in the Arts and Crafts Movement of the early 20th century. He worked primarily in the San Francisco Bay Area, designing public buildings, including the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco, and also private houses, especially in Berkeley, where he lived and taught at the University of California. A number of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Thomas Dolliver Church was a 20th century landscape architect based in California. He is a nationally recognized as one of the pioneer landscape designers of Modernism in garden landscape design known as the 'California Style'. His design studio was in San Francisco from 1933 to 1977.
Joseph Esherick was an American architect. He is known for his work in Sea Ranch, California and in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Mediterranean Revival is an architectural style introduced in the United States, Canada, and certain other countries in the 19th century. It incorporated references to Spanish Renaissance, Spanish Colonial, Italian Renaissance, French Colonial, Beaux-Arts, Moorish architecture, and Venetian Gothic architecture.
William Wilson Wurster was an American architect and architectural teacher at the University of California, Berkeley, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, best known for his residential designs in California.
Clarence William Whitehead Mayhew was an American architect best known as a designer of residential structures in the San Francisco Bay Area. Recognition came to him with a home designed in 1937 for the Manor family in Orinda, California; one which was included as an example of modern architecture's effect on the contemporary ranch house in California in several post-war published compilations of residential works.
Ernest Albert Coxhead (1863–1933) was an English-born architect, active in the United States. He was trained in the offices of several English architects and attended the Royal Academy and the Architectural Association School of Architecture, both in London. He moved to California where he was the semi-official architect for the Episcopal Church. At the beginning of his career, Ernest Coxhead focused on designing churches, primarily in the Gothic Revival style. After the mid-1890s, Coxhead focused on residential designs. He was involved in the emergence of the Arts and Crafts style in California. He succeeded in designing residences that incorporated the elements and character of the English country house - shingled, Arts and Crafts style English Vernacular Cottages that combined elements from different periods for dramatic effect.
Albert Henry Hill was an American architect. Hill played a significant role in the development of the Second Bay Tradition architectural style.
Congregation Sherith Israel is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in San Francisco, California, in the United States. Founded in 1851 during California’s Gold Rush period, it is one of the oldest synagogues in the United States. In more modern times, the congregation widely known for its innovative approach to worship and lifecycle celebrations. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, its historic sanctuary building, completed in 1905, is one of San Francisco's most prominent architectural landmarks.
Esherick Homsey Dodge and Davis is a United States–based architecture, interiors, planning and urban design firm. EHDD is ranked among the top 20 architecture firms in the San Francisco Bay Area where it is headquartered.
A. C. Schweinfurth (1864–1900), born Albert Cicero Schweinfurth, was an American architect. He is associated with the First Bay Tradition, an architectural style from the period of the 1880s to early 1920s.
First Bay Tradition was an architectural style from the period of the 1880s to early 1920s. Sometimes considered as a regional interpretation of the Eastern Shingle Style, it came as a reaction to the classicism of Beaux-Arts architecture. Its characteristics included a link to nature and use of locally sourced materials such as redwood. It also incorporated an emphasis on craftsmanship, volume, form, and asymmetry. The tradition was rooted in San Francisco and the greater Bay Area. The Environmental Design Archives at the University of California, Berkeley house a repository of drawings and specifications associated with this tradition.
The Second Bay Tradition is an architectural style from the period of 1928 through 1942 that was rooted in San Francisco and the greater Bay Area. Also referred to as "redwood post and beam", the style is characterized by a rustic, woodsy philosophy and features sleek lines and machine aesthetic. Associated with European Modernism, the architects Gardner Dailey, William Merchant, Henry Hill, and William Wurster designed in the style. A repository of drawings and specifications from the tradition are housed at the Environmental Design Archives at the University of California, Berkeley.
Condominium 1 was the first unit in the Sea Ranch development on the Pacific coast of Sonoma County, California. The complex was designed by Charles W. Moore, Donlyn Lyndon, William Turnbull Jr. and Richard Whitaker of the MLTW partnership in 1963–1964, and was built by contractor Matthew Sylvia in 1965. The timber-framed structure overlooks the Pacific Ocean. It has been described as one of the most significant architectural designs of the 1960s in California, and has received numerous awards.
Edgar Aschael Mathews was an architect who worked in the Bay Area of California, particularly in San Francisco. He primarily designed houses but was also responsible for some Christian Science churches and commercial and government buildings.
Hans Baldauf FAIA LEED AP, is an American architect with an interest in the crafting of the public realm and of private spaces. He works on a wide range of projects, from large mixed-use master plans to retail stores and single-family residences. In the public realm, Baldauf has been deeply involved in the intersection of design and the sustainable food movement, particularly with the creation of marketplaces and food halls. Baldauf served on the board of directors for the Center for Urban Education about Sustainable Agriculture (CUESA), the organization that runs the renowned Ferry Plaza Farmers Market, and as Board President from 2013-2015. Baldauf’s private residences explore the traditions of construction that are evident in the Bay Tradition in architecture. He classifies himself as part of the Fourth Bay Tradition. Over the past two decades he has written about, lectured on and restored buildings designed by the early pioneers of California's Beaux-Arts movement.
Gardner Acton Dailey (1895-1967) was an American architect, active in the San Francisco area in the 20th century.
John Kruse (1918-2000) was an American architect born in Davenport, Iowa. Kruse attended Cornell and MIT, and served in World War II in the U.S. Navy as a lieutenant. After returning from war, Kruse joined the office of renowned modernist architects John Elkin Dinwiddie and Erich Mendelsohn to start his career. He left the firm in 1948 with his colleague Henry Hill to join Hill's personal practice as the structural expert. Kruse made partner in 1965 to form Hill & Kruse Architects. This prolific partnership designed more than 500 residences and commercial buildings in the California, Hawaii, Connecticut, Illinois, Kentucky, Quebec, and El Salvador. Their design helped define Second Bay Tradition, which combined International Style with Northern California's regional vernacular and wood materials.
The Weston Havens House is a historic Modernist and International Style house in the Panoramic Hill neighborhood of Berkeley, California, built in 1940. John Weston Havens Jr. (1903–2001) commissioned the architect Harwell Hamilton Harris (1903–1990) to design a custom house suited to Havens' interests and preferences.
Jon Konigshofer was a house designer and builder who was never licensed as an architect, but known for his minimalist low cost homes, primarily built in the Monterey Peninsula. He also designed homes and commercial buildings in other areas of California and Mexico.
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