Second tower of the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca

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Entrance of General Alava during the Battle of Vitoria in the Napoleonic French Invasion. Drawing located in the Kutxabank archives. (circa 1813). Here seen the two towers crowning the plaza. Battle-Vitoria-Gasteiz.jpg
Entrance of General Álava during the Battle of Vitoria in the Napoleonic French Invasion. Drawing located in the Kutxabank archives. (circa 1813). Here seen the two towers crowning the plaza.
The Plaza de la Virgen Blanca in 1833, Vitoria-Gasteiz, with its two original towers. Still today exist one of this towers rising in the plaza. Drawing by Scottish painter David Roberts, published in the book by English Thomas Roscoe "The Tourist in Spain: Biscay and the Castiles", published in 1837 by Lloyd, R. Plaza de la Virgen Blanca Vitoria in 1833 with two towers by David Roberts.jpg
The Plaza de la Virgen Blanca in 1833, Vitoria-Gasteiz, with its two original towers. Still today exist one of this towers rising in the plaza. Drawing by Scottish painter David Roberts, published in the book by English Thomas Roscoe "The Tourist in Spain: Biscay and the Castiles", published in 1837 by Lloyd, R.

The Second tower of the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca, also called Tower of the Correría was the smaller of the two towers that noted for its height, the other (the higher) tower exist today intact, that were in the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca, in Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country autonomous community, Spain).

Plaza de la Virgen Blanca

Plaza de la Virgen Blanca is one of the oldest meeting points in Vitoria-Gasteiz in the Basque Country of Spain. In the middle of it there is the monument to La batalla de Vitoria a battle which took place in the city in 1813 during the Napoleonic wars.

Vitoria-Gasteiz Municipality in Basque Country, Spain

Vitoria-Gasteiz is the seat of government and the capital city of the Basque Autonomous Community and of the province of Araba/Álava in northern Spain. It holds the autonomous community's House of Parliament, the headquarters of the Government, and the Lehendakari's official residency. The municipality — which comprises not only the city but also the mainly agricultural lands of 63 villages around — is the largest in the Basque Autonomous Community, with a total area of 276.81 km2, and it has a population of 242,082 people (2014). The dwellers of Vitoria-Gasteiz are called vitorianos or gasteiztarrak, while traditionally they are dubbed babazorros.

Basque Country (autonomous community) Autonomous community of Spain

The Basque Country, officially the Basque Autonomous Community is an autonomous community in northern Spain. It includes the Basque provinces of Álava, Biscay, and Gipuzkoa.

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This arose first as a City gate, then had a reform in 1650 that changed it as a belfry but remaining the gateway, and all part of its structure, adding the top half of the tower, being an element of the walls, on this side of the city, while existed this building. [1]

City gate gate which is, or was, set within a city wall

A city gate is a gate which is, or was, set within a city wall.

Belfry (architecture) structure enclosing bells for ringing as part of building, usually as part of a bell tower or steeple

The belfry is a structure enclosing bells for ringing as part of a building, usually as part of a bell tower or steeple. It can also refer to the entire tower or building, particularly in continental Europe for such a tower attached to a city hall or other civic building.

It belonged, as the rest of the portals to different families, to its respective civilian Vitorian family.

The Portal and its tower were demolished in the second half of the 19th century.

Description

View of the Second Tower of the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca with its gateway. Mainly it was one of the then called Portals of Vitoria-Gasteiz. Drawing of 1855 by Juan Angel Saez. Portals of Vitoria-Gasteiz .jpg
View of the Second Tower of the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca with its gateway. Mainly it was one of the then called Portals of Vitoria-Gasteiz. Drawing of 1855 by Juan Ángel Sáez.

Before 1650 this building was a city gate with a Gothic arc, after the 1650 reform had semicircular arches.

It had a reform in 1650 by four stonemasons who worked, who were; José and Simón de Ontanilla, Alejandro del Camino and Domingo de Loyo.

Micaela Portilla in the second volume of her well-known work "Towers and fort houses in Álava" (pages 1070 and 1071) said the following about this tower:

When Friar Juan de Vitoria refers to the gates of the city in the Middle Ages and the families who defended it expressly cited as 'fort houses' those of the Portal de la Correría owned by the Nanclares. Says, in effect, Friar Juan de Vitoria the Portal and fort houses either sides of the Correría were of the Nanclares, related to the Sotos which had in turn entrances of the Zapatería.

According to the reference, it can be surmised that the inhabitants of the tower of the Correría were actually members of the lineage of the Nanclares. That is almost certainly to the 15th century (considering that Friar Juan de Vitoria is a chronicler of the 16th century, who wrote much of the Vitoria that he knew in his youth,

According Venancio del Val in his well-known work 'Streets of Vitoria' on page 11 of the 1979 edition:

When beginning the second half of the 19th century was the entrance arch to this street the first one, that for hygiene reasons, was shot down. Until then it penetrated under an arch on which a turret rising, in which we believe was the first public clock in the city (this clock is now located in the other surviving tower). It also seems that once stood in that arch the image of St. George, if we pay attention to what Becerro de Bengoa wrote late last century (19th c.).

In 'La Libertad' newspaper of 26 January 1898, it found the entry where Becerro de Bengoa said:

The old Vitoria, where we lived most of Vitorians of the first half of this century is disappearing some of its most precious remains and memories. With deep sorrow i have seen demolish the house of D. Francés de Beaumont", then follow the text with a list of destroyed buildings until the "arch and tower of the clock with the image of Saint George, of the Correría".

Saint George Christian saint and martyr

Saint George was a soldier of Palestinian and Greek origins and a member of the Praetorian Guard for Roman emperor Diocletian, who was sentenced to death for refusing to recant his Christian faith. He became one of the most venerated saints and megalo-martyrs in Christianity, and was especially venerated by the Crusaders.

[2]

Remains

Photograph of the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca already without its second tower (c. 1880). Plaza market vitoria.jpg
Photograph of the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca already without its second tower (c. 1880).

The San Miguel clock is now a distinctive element of the bell tower of the Church of San Miguel, this bell tower is seen in the foreground in the square. Now, originally this clock was not in the tower. It was in this neighboring tower, crowning the structure of the Portal of the Correría Street.

See also

Portals of Vitoria-Gasteiz

The Portals or Arcs of Vitoria-Gasteiz was a Medieval crenelated tower that fortified the entrances to a street of the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz. This tower had a gateway in its center.

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