Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland

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Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland
Kościół Adwentystów Dnia Siódmego w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
Kosciol Adwentystow Dnia Siodmego ul. Foksal 8.jpg
Headquarters of the Warsaw-Centre Congregation at 8 Foksal Street in Warsaw
Classification Protestant
Orientation Adventism
Chairman of the Church Board Jarosław Dzięgielewski  [ pl ]
Associations Seventh-day Adventist Church
Language Polish
Territory Poland
Origin1888
Volhynia
Congregations147
Members9,949
Official website https://adwent.pl/

The Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland is a religious organization in Poland, part of the global Seventh-day Adventist Church. According to church data from 2023, it had 9,949 members and supporters across 147 congregations. [1] However, the 2021 National Census reported just over 3,100 adherents. [2] It ranks as the third-largest Protestant denomination in Poland. [1] The church publishes the monthly magazine Znaki Czasu  [ pl ].

Contents

The church was officially registered in 1946, facilitated by its legal operations during the Nazi occupation. Its legal status was formalized by the Act of 30 June 1995 on the Relationship between the State and the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland. [3] [4]

History

Beginnings to 1939

The pioneer of Adventism in Europe was Polish missionary Michał Belina Czechowski, who introduced Adventism to Italy, Switzerland, Romania, Germany, and Hungary. From Switzerland, Adventist ideas reached Crimea. [5] In Poland, the first Adventist center was established in 1888 in Żarnówek, Volhynia, under Russian rule, through the efforts of Herman Szkubowiec, who arrived from Crimea. By 1893, Adventism spread to Congress Poland. The first congregation was formed in 1895 in Łódź, [6] followed by one in Warsaw in 1900. [7] The Łódź congregation included both Protestants and Catholics, while the Warsaw congregation comprised Catholics, Orthodox, and Protestants. [8]

Adventism reached the Prussian partition in 1895 in Poznań and the Austrian partition in 1903 in Bielsko-Biała. [7] In 1912, the first Polish-Czech diocese was established in Cieszyn Silesia. In 1920, the Southern Diocese was formed in Bielsko-Biała. [9] The Western Diocese was established in Poznań in 1918, and the Eastern Diocese began forming in 1920. On 6–9 October 1921, a national structure was established in Bydgoszcz, uniting the three dioceses under the name "Union of Seventh-day Adventist Congregations", later renamed the "Polish Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists". [9] Publishing activities began in 1921, a theological seminary was established in 1926, and the church headquarters moved to Warsaw in 1931. [7] A national youth congress was held in 1935. [9] By World War II, the church had about 4,000 members. Key figures included Teodor Will and Wilhelm Czembor, the church leader from 1936. [7]

Between 1931 and 1933, the church faced an internal crisis led by Alfred Kube  [ pl ], who initially opposed reducing congregational autonomy and later rejected some Adventist principles and the role of Ellen G. White. [10] The Kube brothers, Paweł and Alfred, were previously central church leaders. [11] This movement eventually formed the Church of Seventh-day Christians  [ pl ]. [12]

During the interwar period, the church was only tolerated, not legally recognized, by Polish authorities. [12] On 16 February 1922, the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education classified Adventists as a tolerated denomination. [9] The church operated under the legal frameworks of the former partitioning powers: in the Russian partition under a 17 October 1906 tsarist decree, in the Austrian partition under association laws, and in the Prussian partition under religious tolerance regulations. [13]

World War II

During World War II, many Adventist chapels were closed. Pastor Florian Kosmowski died in the Auschwitz concentration camp, and three Adventist officers – Artur  [ pl ], Mieczysław, and Witold Ostapowicz – were killed in Katyn. Helena Gargasz was sentenced to death for hiding Jews, and Janina Boetzel for underground activities. [7] Several Adventists fought in the Warsaw Uprising, including Zbigniew Chmielewski, who died. [14]

Congregations in areas annexed by the Reich or under Soviet occupation were dissolved. [12] In early 1941, Adolf Minck, leader of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Germany, visited Poland to assess the situation. As a result, the Polish church was placed under the German Adventist Church in Berlin, a move credited by Zachariasz Łyko  [ pl ] with saving it from dissolution. [15] In 1942, the church was registered in the General Government under an announcement in the Official Gazette for the General Government (1942, No. 79, p. 178). [16]

Polish People's Republic

In April 1945, a conference in Radom, organized by Marian Kot, elected Jan Kulak  [ pl ] as church leader. [7] The church was legalized on 23 March 1946, [12] due to its legal operations in the General Government from 1942. [16] The Church Council included Jan Kulak (chair), Józef Rosiecki (secretary), and members Franciszek Stekla  [ pl ], Marian Kot  [ pl ], Jan Skrzypaczek, Włodzimierz Siemienowicz, and Jan Górski. On 12 August 1946, the church acquired a building in Kraków at 25 Lubelska Street. The first postwar church congress, held in Kraków from 28 August to 1 September 1946, confirmed Kulak's leadership. [17] Publishing resumed in 1947, and the theological seminary was re-established in Kraków, moving to Bielsko-Biała in 1949 and Podkowa Leśna in 1959. The church headquarters returned to Warsaw in 1949. [7] According to Zachariasz Łyko, 1944–1949 was a rebuilding period. [12]

Initially, the Polish People's Republic viewed the church as undesirable, pursuing a liquidation policy. After 1956, this shifted to regulation, but the Office for Religious Affairs and Ministry of Internal Affairs achieved full control. [18] Jan Kulak aligned with state religious policies. [19] From 1953 to 1956, Franciszek Stekla operated underground, supported by 80–85% of members. [20] The state-controlled Union of Congregations did not represent the Adventist community, with true religious life occurring in private homes. [21] During Stalinism, some leaders, including Andrzej Maszczak and Konrad Janyszka, were arrested. [7] Łyko described the period between 1949 and 1957 as a challenging period marked by external Stalinist threats and internal organizational disputes. [17]

In 1961, the church adopted the name "Seventh-day Adventist Church". Its internal regulations were approved on 7 June 1966. [13]

Between 1976 and 1977, the Department IV of the Ministry of Internal Affairs ordered investigations into internal church factions, schismatic activities, and Western contacts, instructing agents "Majewski" and "Marek" to produce materials discrediting the Catholic Church. [22] Between 1978 and 1979, the department aimed to strengthen control over church leadership, influence the General Conference and Trans-European Division in London, and counter anti-communist actions. The church's publishing house was used to produce anti-Catholic materials for domestic and international distribution, leveraging its anti-Catholic doctrine. [22]

In 1987, the Senate of the Christian Theological Academy in Warsaw awarded Bert Beverly Beach, a General Conference director, an honorary doctorate. [23]

Third Republic of Poland

Andrzej Sicinski preaches in Podkowa Lesna A. Sicinski, Podkowa Lesna, 2020, 001.jpg
Andrzej Siciński preaches in Podkowa Leśna

The church's legal status and state relations are governed by the Act of 30 June 1995, signed by President Lech Wałęsa. [3] After the Wildstein list was published, discussions about lustration arose within the church. Church leaders opposed lustration, with Andrzej Siciński arguing in Znaki Czasu that it would be selective based on available files. [24]

Ecumenism

Despite its anti-Catholic stance, the church has engaged in ecumenical dialogue with the Catholic Church since 1984, initiated primarily by Zachariasz Łyko. On 14 December 1999, marking 15 years of dialogue, a meeting was held in the Primate's Hall at the Palace of the Warsaw Archbishops at 19 Miodowa Street in Warsaw. Representing the Adventists were Zachariasz Łyko, Andrzej Siciński, and Bernard Koziróg  [ pl ]; the Catholics were represented by Lucjan Balter  [ pl ], Michał Czajkowski, and Marcin Wojtowicz. [25] A joint statement was signed, with the Catholic Church affirming that Adventists are not a sect, and Adventists expressing respect for the Catholic Church. [26] In 2008, after Łyko's death, Paweł Lazar  [ pl ] requested a suspension of the dialogue. [25]

From 1946 to 1950, the church was part of the Christian Ecumenical Council (now the Polish Ecumenical Council). [27] It maintains ties with the Polish Ecumenical Council and is active in the Polish Bible Society  [ pl ]. [7] Since 1993, it has been a member of the Polish Bible Society, [25] participating in the Ecumenical Bible  [ pl ] translation. Andrzej Siciński noted that this involvement counters claims of the church being a sect. [28]

Activities

The church operates Znaki Czasu Publishing House  [ pl ], [29] the Voice of Hope Radio and Television Center, [30] a Correspondence Bible School, a Correspondence School for Better Living, the Christian Charity Service, [31] the Samaritan Care Home, and several health centers. It is supported by the Source of Life Foundation [32] and Nadzieja.pl Sp. z o.o., a public benefit organization running a niche Christian web portal. [33]

Statistics

Membership statistics of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland, 1986-2018 PolishUnionConferenceSDAChurchEndingMembership.jpg
Membership statistics of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland, 1986–2018

In early 1947, the Polish Union Conference had about 5,000 members. Between 1949 and 1950, it had 5,958 members in 62 congregations and 38 outposts. [12] In 2011, the church reported 5,790 baptized members, with approximately 9,600 including children and supporters, [34] though the 2011 National Census recorded 4,947 adherents. [4] In 2017, the church reported 5,796 baptized members, totaling about 9,660 with children and supporters in 145 congregations. [34] The 2021 Census reported 3,129 adherents. [2]

Membership data from church surveys

Membership, congregations, and clergy of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland (church-reported data to Statistics Poland)
YearMembersCongregationsChurches/ChapelsClergy
1989 [35] 9,23612312389
1990 [36] 9,61812312389
1991 [37] 8,4189911086
1992 [38] 8,91513511191
1994 [39] 10,0241606981
1995 [40] 6,9581386879
1996 [41] 6,7201407868
1998 [42] 9,18913976
1999 [43] 9,30314161
2000 [44] 9,49215188 [45] 69
2001 [46] 9,41614670
2002 [47] 9,48414868
2003 [48] 9,48715070
2004 [49] 9,48815259
2005 [50] 9,62015082 [45] 70
2006 [51] 9,62015159
2007 [52] 9,59515371
2008 [53] 9,61415460
2009 [54] 9,53415583 [55] 58
2010 [45] 9,6241558462
2011 [56] 9,65415261
2012 [57] 9,63814891 [58] 68
2013 [59] 9,65815094 [58] 67
2014 [60] 9,73415093 [58] 68
2015 [61] 9,69814892 [45] 66
2016 [62] 9,56514792 [63] 61
2017 [64] 9,660145104 [63] 68
2018 [65] 9,726144107 [63] 65
2019 [66] 8,599144105 [45] 67
2020 [67] 9,838146103 [45] 74
2021 [68] 9,733128119 [45] 78
2022 [69] 9,73414574
2023 [1] 9,949147137

Census data

Declared affiliation with the Seventh-day Adventist Church in national censuses
CensusDeclared members
2011 Census [70] 4,947
2021 Census [2] 3,129

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Rozkrut, Dominik (2024). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2024[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2024] (in Polish). Warsaw: Zakład Wydawnictw Statystycznych. p. 108. ISSN   1640-3630.
  2. 1 2 3 "Przynależność wyznaniowa - dane NSP 2021 dla kraju i jednostek podziału terytorialnego" [Religious Affiliation - 2021 National Census Data For the Country and Territorial Units]. stat.gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  3. 1 2 "Obwieszczenie Marszałka Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 24 listopada 2022 r. w sprawie ogłoszenia jednolitego tekstu ustawy o stosunku Państwa do Kościoła Adwentystów Dnia Siódmego w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej" [Notice of the Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland of 24 November 2022 on the Announcement of the Consolidated Text of the Act on the Relationship between the State and the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the Republic of Poland]. isap.sejm.gov.pl (in Polish). 24 November 2022. Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  4. 1 2 Ciecieląg, Paweł; Gudaszewski, Grzegorz; Haponiuk, Mikołaj; Sadłoń, Wojciech; Sobestjański, Karol; Zwalińska, Wioletta (2016). Wyznania religijne w Polsce 2012–2014[Religious Denominations in Poland 2012–2014] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 67. ISBN   978-83-7027-612-6.
  5. ↑ Majchrowski, Eugeniusz J. (30 January 2013). "Polscy adwentyści w Australii (1)" [Polish Adventists in Australia (1)]. closer2truth.org (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2015-02-25.
  6. ↑ Łyko (2000 , p. 77)
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Łyko, Zachariasz (1993). "Kościół Adwentystów Dnia Siódmego. Historia, nauka, ustrój, posłannictwo" [Seventh-day Adventist Church: History, Doctrine, Structure, Mission]. Studia i dokumenty ekumeniczne (in Polish). 2 (32): 11–12, 24.
  8. ↑ Grelewski, Stefan (1937). Wyznania protestanckie i sekty religijne w Polsce współczesnej[Protestant Denominations and Religious Sects in Contemporary Poland] (in Polish). Lublin: Catholic University of Lublin Scientific Society. pp. 630–631.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Pierwszy misjonarz - dzieje polskich adwentystów" [First Missionary - History of Polish Adventists]. wiara.pl (in Polish). 2002. Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  10. ↑ "Kościół Chrześcijan Dnia Sobotniego" [Church of Seventh-day Christians]. wiara.pl (in Polish). 2002. Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  11. ↑ "Historia" [History]. zboryboze.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Michalak, Ryszard (2001). "Unia zborów Adwentystów Dnia Siódmego w Polsce w latach 1945–1989" [Union of Seventh-day Adventist Congregations in Poland 1945–1989]. In Macała, Jarosław (ed.). Historia i polityka w XX wieku[History and Politics in The 20th Century] (in Polish). Zielona Góra: University of Zielona Góra. pp. 34–35, 37. ISBN   83-89048-00-0.
  13. 1 2 Dziobek-Romański, Jacek (2004). "Uznanie niekatolickich kościołów chrześcijańskich o ustawowo uregulowanej sytuacji prawnej w latach 1919–1989" [Recognition of Non-Catholic Christian Churches with Legally Regulated Status in 1919–1989]. Roczniki Nauk Prawnych (in Polish). XIV (1): 346–348.
  14. ↑ "Zarys historyczny rozwoju zboru adwentystycznego w Warszawie (3)" [Historical Outline of The Development of The Adventist Congregation in Warsaw (3)]. adwent.pl (in Polish). 2 June 2015. Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  15. ↑ Łyko (2000 , p. 85)
  16. 1 2 Winiarczyk-Kossakowska, Małgorzata (2014). "Uznanie administracyjne związków religijnych. Przyczynek do historii stosunków wyznaniowych w Polsce 1945–1949" [Administrative Recognition of Religious Associations: A Contribution to The History of Religious Relations in Poland 1945–1949]. Przegląd Religioznawczy. 2 (252). Polish Society for the Study of Religion: 73. ISSN   1230-4379.
  17. 1 2 "Zapomniane postacie" [Forgotten Figures]. dandypolish.org.au (in Polish). 28 July 2009. Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  18. ↑ Michalak (2014 , pp. 133–134)
  19. ↑ Michalak, Ryszard (2004). "Dziel i rządź" [Divide and Rule]. Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). 3 (38): 22.
  20. ↑ Michalak (2014 , p. 355)
  21. ↑ Michalak, Ryszard (2009). "Środowiska protestanckie wobec kwestii współpracy duchownych ze Służbą Bezpieczeństwa PRL" [Protestant Communities and The Issue of Clergy Collaboration with The PRL Security Service]. In Dudra, Stefan; Kiec, Olgierd (eds.). Kościoły, polityka, historia[Churches, Politics, History] (in Polish). Warsaw: Semper. p. 162. ISBN   978-83-75-07-069-9.
  22. 1 2 Biełaszko, M.; Piekarska, A. K.; Tomasik, P.; Wilanowski, C., eds. (2007). Plany pracy Departamentu IV MSW na lata 1972–1979[Work Plans of Department IV of The Ministry of Internal Affairs for 1972–1979] (in Polish). Warsaw: IPN. pp. 180, 279. ISBN   978-83-6046-430-4.
  23. ↑ Ambroży, Marek, ed. (2005). 50 lat Chrześcijańskiej Akademii Teologicznej 1954–2004[50 Years of The Christian Theological Academy 1954–2004] (in Polish). Warsaw: ChAT. p. 109. ISBN   83-917541-5-4.
  24. ↑ Michalak (2014 , p. 364)
  25. 1 2 3 Hanc, Wojciech; Glaeser, Zygfryd (2016). "Międzywyznaniowe dialogi doktrynalne w Polsce" [Interdenominational Doctrinal Dialogues in Poland]. In Budniak, J.; Glaeser, Z.; Kałużny, T.; Kijas, Z. J. (eds.). Encyklopedia ekumenizmu w Polsce (1964–2014)[Encyclopedia of Ecumenism in Poland (1964–2014)] (in Polish). Kraków: John Paul II University. p. 99. ISBN   978-83-7438-498-8.
  26. ↑ "Oświadczenie" [Statement]. Znaki Czasu (in Polish): 11. 2000.
  27. ↑ Karski, Karol (2007). "Ruch ekumeniczny w Polsce w latach 1940–1960" [Ecumenical Movement in Poland 1940–1960]. Studia i Dokumenty Ekumeniczne (in Polish). 1–2: 11–12, 35.
  28. ↑ Jańczuk, Leszek (2014). "Spory konfesyjne podczas prac nad ekumenicznym przekładem Nowego Testamentu" [Confessional Disputes During The Ecumenical Translation of The New Testament]. Collectanea Theologica (in Polish). 84 (1). Polish Theological Society: 90–91. ISSN   0137-6985.
  29. ↑ "Wydawnictwo "Znaki Czasu"" [Znaki Czasu Publishing House]. www.znakiczasu.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  30. ↑ "Ośrodek Radiowo-Telewizyjny "Głos Nadziei"" [Voice of Hope Radio and Television Center]. www.glosnadziei.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  31. ↑ "Chrześcijańska Służba Charytatywna" [Christian Charity Service]. www.chsch.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  32. ↑ "Fundacja "Źródła Życia"" [Source of Life Foundation]. www.fzz.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  33. ↑ "Portal Nadziei.pl Sp. z o.o." [Nadzieja.pl Sp. z o.o. Portal]. www.nadzieja.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2025-05-31.
  34. 1 2 "Adventist Statistics - POLISH UNION CONFERENCE". www.adventiststatistics.org. Retrieved 2025-05-31.
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  36. ↑ Wyżniakiewicz, Bohdan; Lutostański, Krzysztof (1991). Mały rocznik statystyczny 1991[Small Statistical Yearbook 1991] (in Polish). Warsaw. p. 49.
  37. ↑ Oleński, Józef; Sawiński, Roman (1992). Mały rocznik statystyczny 1992[Small Statistical Yearbook 1992] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 54.
  38. ↑ Oleński, Józef; Sawiński, Roman (1993). Mały rocznik statystyczny 1993[Small Statistical Yearbook 1993] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 60.
  39. ↑ Toczyński, Tadeusz; Pawlik, Janina (1995). Rocznik statystyczny 1995[Statistical Yearbook 1995] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 72. ISSN   0079-2780.
  40. ↑ Toczyński, Tadeusz; Pawlik, Janina (1996). Rocznik statystyczny 1996[Statistical Yearbook 1996] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 72. ISSN   0079-2780.
  41. ↑ Toczyński, Tadeusz; Dmochowska, Halina (1997). Rocznik statystyczny 1997[Statistical Yearbook 1997] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 115. ISSN   0079-2780.
  42. ↑ Dmochowska, Halina (1999). Rocznik Statystyczny Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 1999[Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland 1999] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 116. ISSN   0867-082X.
  43. ↑ Dmochowska, Halina (2001). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny 2001[Small Statistical Yearbook 2001] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 131. ISSN   0867-082X.
  44. ↑ Toczyński, Tadeusz; Dmochowska, Halina (2002). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny 2002[Small Statistical Yearbook 2002] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 131. ISSN   0867-082X.
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ciecieląg, Paweł (2022). Wyznania religijne w Polsce w latach 2019–2021[Religious Denominations in Poland 2019–2021] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 123. ISBN   978-83-67087-17-9.
  46. ↑ Toczyński, Tadeusz; Dmochowska, Halina (2003). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2003[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2003] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 135. ISSN   0867-082X.
  47. ↑ Toczyński, Tadeusz; Dmochowska, Halina (2004). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2004[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2004] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 128. ISSN   1640-3630.
  48. ↑ Toczyński, Tadeusz; Dmochowska, Halina (2005). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2005[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2005] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 129. ISSN   1640-3630.
  49. ↑ Dmochowska, Halina (2006). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny 2006[Small Statistical Yearbook 2006] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 129.
  50. ↑ Oleński, Józef; Dmochowska, Halina (2007). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2007[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2007] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 132. ISSN   1640-3630.
  51. ↑ Oleński, Józef; Dmochowska, Halina (2008). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2008[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2008] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 132. ISSN   1640-3630.
  52. ↑ Oleński, Józef; Dmochowska, Halina (2009). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2009[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2009] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 130. ISSN   1640-3630.
  53. ↑ Oleński, Józef; Dmochowska, Halina (2010). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2010[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2010] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 130. ISSN   1640-3630.
  54. ↑ Dmochowska, Halina (2011). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2011[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2011] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 133. ISSN   1640-3630.
  55. ↑ Ciecieląg, Paweł; Haponiuk, Mikołaj (2013). Wyznania religijne i stowarzyszenia narodowościowe i etniczne w Polsce 2009-2011 [Religious Denominations and National and Ethnic Associations in Poland 2009-2011](PDF) (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 65. ISBN   978-83-7027-519-8.
  56. ↑ Witkowski, Janusz; Dmochowska, Halina (2012). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2012[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2012] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 134. ISSN   1640-3630.
  57. ↑ Witkowski, Janusz; Dmochowska, Halina (2013). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2013[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2013] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 138. ISSN   1640-3630.
  58. 1 2 3 Ciecieląg, Paweł (2016). Wyznania religijne w Polsce 2012-2014 [Religious Denominations in Poland 2012-2014](PDF) (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 66. ISBN   978-83-7027-612-6.
  59. ↑ Witkowski, Janusz; Dmochowska, Halina (2014). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2014[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 134. ISSN   1640-3630.
  60. ↑ Dmochowska, Halina (2015). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2015[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2015] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 113. ISSN   1640-3630.
  61. ↑ Dmochowska, Halina (2016). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2016[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2016] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 115. ISSN   1640-3630.
  62. ↑ Rozkrut, Dominik (2017). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2017[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2017] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 115. ISSN   1640-3630.
  63. 1 2 3 Ciecieląg, Paweł (2019). Wyznania religijne w Polsce w latach 2015–2018 [Religious Denominations in Poland 2015–2018](PDF) (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 155. ISBN   978-83-66466-00-5.
  64. ↑ Rozkrut, Dominik (2018). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2018[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2018] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 114. ISSN   1640-3630.
  65. ↑ Rozkrut, Dominik (2019). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2019[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2019] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 114. ISSN   1640-3630.
  66. ↑ Rozkrut, Dominik (2020). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2020[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2020] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 118. ISSN   1640-3630.
  67. ↑ Rozkrut, Dominik (2021). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2021[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2021] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 119. ISSN   1640-3630.
  68. ↑ Rozkrut, Dominik (2022). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2022[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2022] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 116. ISSN   1640-3630.
  69. ↑ Rozkrut, Dominik (2023). Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2023[Small Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2023] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistics Poland. p. 117. ISSN   1640-3630.
  70. ↑ Gudaszewski, Grzegorz (2015). Struktura narodowo-etniczna, językowa i wyznaniowa ludności Polski - Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2011[National-ethnic, Linguistic, and Religious Structure of Poland's Population - 2011 National Census] (in Polish). Warsaw: Statistical Publishing Establishment. p. 226. ISBN   978-83-7027-597-6.

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