 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source .(November 2021) |
 SPAYD stored in the QR Code to transfer CZK 250 ($11.53) to Czech Red Cross Humanity Fund | |
| Filename extension | .spayd |
|---|---|
| Internet media type | application/x-shortpaymentdescriptor |
| Open format? | Yes |
Short Payment Descriptor (SPAYD, SPD) is a compact data format for an easy exchange of payment information using modern electronic channels, such as smart phones or NFC devices.
Practically, the format is being deployed in the Czech Republic (where the format is an accepted unique standard for QR code payments) and the Slovak Republic, but the format can be technically used with any bank using IBAN account numbers. That includes currently the majority of European countries, some in the Middle East and a few others.
Development of the format started in May 2012 during the development of the mobile banking app for Raiffeisenbank a.s. (Czech branch of Raiffeisen Bank International) in cooperation with a technology company Inmite s.r.o. Originally, the format was intended for use for P2P Payments via a QR Code. Later, it was generalized for many other usages, such as NFC payments or online payments.
The format was created as an open effort from the very beginning and all specification, documentation, source codes, libraries and APIs were open sourced under the Apache 2.0 license. Therefore, Short Payment Descriptor can be implemented by any subject without any legal concerns or fees. Due to this approach, the format was quickly recognized and accepted by many Czech invoice software companies and adopted by Czech banks. Československá obchodní banka (together with Zentity s.r.o.) was very active during the format development and it proposed the brand name for the communication to the users.
On 14 November 2012, the format was accepted by the Czech Banking Association and submitted to all Czech banks as the official local standard for QR code payments. [1]
Short Payment Descriptor uses the ideas from the vCard (by the structure) and SEPA payment (semantics). It is designed to be compact, human readable and therefore, easy to implement. The format is based on defined key-value pairs and it can be extended by proprietary attributes (using the "X-" prefix). The string may contain any ASCII printable characters, any other characters must be encoded using the percent encoding.
SPD*1.0*ACC:CZ5855000000001265098001*AM:480.50*CC:CZK*MSG:Payment for the goods
The default keys that are used in the SPAYD format are:
| Key | Compulsory | Length | Structure | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACC | Yes | Max. 46 characters (IBAN+BIC) | $IBAN(\+$BIC)? | Bank account - an identifier of the payment recipient. Either IBAN account number, or optionally "IBAN+BIC" format (with "+" as separator) | ACC:CZ5855000000001265098001+RZBCCZPP*... or ...
|
| ALT-ACC | No | Max. 93 characters (2x ACC field + separator) | ($IBAN(\+$BIC)?){1,2} | Alternative bank account list. In case recipient has more accounts, this field allows a banking application to pick the one in the same bank, allowing faster accounting and lower fees for the client. | ALT-ACC:CZ5855000000001265098001+RZBCCZPP, |
| AM | No | Max. 10 characters - 7 + 1 (separator) + 2 (decimal places) ("9 999 999.99") | [1-9][0-9]*(\.[0-9][0-9])? | A payment amount. | AM:480.55* |
| CC | No | Exactly 3 characters | Currency code in ISO 4217 | A payment currency. | CC:CZK* |
| RF | No | Max. 16 characters | [0-9]{0,16} | A sender's reference. | RF:1234567890123456* |
| RN | No | Max. 35 characters | [^*]{0,35} | Recipient's name | RN:PETR DVORAK* |
| DT | No | Exactly 8 characters | Date in ISO 8601 format | Due date | DT:20121231* |
| PT | No | Max. 3 characters | [^*]{0,3} | Payment type (to be used by analytics) | PT:SPD* |
| MSG | No | Max. 60 characters | [^*]{0,60} | Message for payment recipient. | MSG:Payment for internet* |
| CRC32 | No | Exactly 8 characters | [A-F0-9]{8,8} | CRC32 checksum (application level) computed from canonic representation. Canonic representation is obtained by removing CRC32 field from SPAYD representation, reconstructing SPAYD string while sorting key-pair attributes by key and values (alphabetically), applying CRC32 (IEEE 802.3) and converting to hexadecimal uppercase string. Example:
| CRC32:81C0FFEE* |
The file type extension is:
*.spayd.
MIME type of the format is:
application/x-shortpaymentdescriptor.
Electronic Funds Transfer at Point Of Sale, abbreviated as EFTPOS; is the technical term referring to a type of payment transaction where electronic funds transfers (EFT) are processed at a point of sale (POS) system or payment terminal usually via payment methods such as payment cards. EFTPOS technology was developed during the 1980s.
SPD is the Social Democratic Party of Germany, a political party.
Mobile payment, also referred to as mobile money, mobile money transfer and mobile wallet, is any of various payment processing services operated under financial regulations and performed from or via a mobile device. Instead of paying with cash, cheque, or credit card, a consumer can use a payment app on a mobile device to pay for a wide range of services and digital or hard goods. Although the concept of using non-coin-based currency systems has a long history, it is only in the 21st century that the technology to support such systems has become widely available.
vCard, also known as VCF, is a file format standard for electronic business cards. vCards can be attached to e-mail messages, sent via Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), on the World Wide Web, instant messaging, NFC or through QR code. They can contain name and address information, phone numbers, e-mail addresses, URLs, logos, photographs, and audio clips.
A micropayment is a financial transaction involving a very small sum of money and usually one that occurs online. A number of micropayment systems were proposed and developed in the mid-to-late 1990s, all of which were ultimately unsuccessful. A second generation of micropayment systems emerged in the 2010s.
Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 centimetres (1.6 in) or less. NFC offers a low-speed connection through a simple setup that can be used for the bootstrapping of capable wireless connections. Like other proximity card technologies, NFC is based on inductive coupling between two electromagnetic coils present on a NFC-enabled device such as a smartphone. NFC communicating in one or both directions uses a frequency of 13.56 MHz in the globally available unlicensed radio frequency ISM band, compliant with the ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface standard at data rates ranging from 106 to 848 kbit/s.
A QR code is a type of two-dimensional matrix barcode, invented in 1994, by Japanese company Denso Wave for labelling automobile parts. It features black squares on a white background with fiducial markers, readable by imaging devices like cameras, and processed using Reed–Solomon error correction until the image can be appropriately interpreted. The required data is then extracted from patterns that are present in both the horizontal and the vertical components of the QR image.
A giro transfer, often shortened to giro, is a payment transfer between current bank accounts and initiated by the payer, not the payee. The debit card has a similar model. Giros are primarily used in Europe; although electronic payment systems exist in the United States, it is not possible to perform third-party transfers with them. In the European Union, the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) allows electronic giro or debit card payments in euros to be executed to any euro bank account in the area.
Object hyperlinking is a term that refers to extending the Internet to objects and locations in the real world. Object hyperlinking aims to extend the Internet to the physical world by attaching tags with URLs to tangible objects or locations. These object tags can then be read by a wireless mobile device and information about objects and locations retrieved and displayed.
Mobile banking is a service provided by a bank or other financial institution that allows its customers to conduct financial transactions remotely using a mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet. Unlike the related internet banking it uses software, usually called an app, provided by the financial institution for the purpose. Mobile banking is usually available on a 24-hour basis. Some financial institutions have restrictions on which accounts may be accessed through mobile banking, as well as a limit on the amount that can be transacted. Mobile banking is dependent on the availability of an internet or data connection to the mobile device.
Proximity marketing is the localized wireless distribution of advertising content associated with a particular place. Transmissions can be received by individuals in that location who wish to receive them and have the necessary equipment to do so.
Network for Electronic Transfers, colloquially known as NETS, is a Singaporean electronic payment service provider. Founded in 1986 by a consortium of local banks, it aims to establish the debit network and drive the adoption of electronic payments in Singapore. It is owned by DBS Bank, OCBC Bank and United Overseas Bank (UOB).
Mobile tagging is the process of providing data read from tags for display on mobile devices, commonly encoded in a two-dimensional barcode, using the camera of a camera phone as the reader device. The contents of the tag code is usually a URL for information addressed and accessible through Internet.
National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) is an Indian public sector company that operates retail payments and settlement systems in India. The organization is an initiative of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Indian Banks' Association (IBA) under the provisions of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, for creating a robust payment and settlement infrastructure in India.
Merchant Customer Exchange (MCX) was an American company created by a consortium of U.S. retail companies to develop a merchant-owned mobile payment system, which was to be called "CurrentC." The joint venture was announced on August 15, 2012.
Samsung Pay is a mobile payment and digital wallet service, operated by the South Korean company Samsung Electronics. It lets users make payments using compatible smartphones and other Samsung-produced devices, accessed using the Samsung Wallet app.
The European Payments Council Quick Response Code guidelines define the content of a QR code that can be used to initiate SEPA credit transfer (SCT). It contains all the necessary information in clear text. These QR code guidelines are used on many invoices and payment requests in the countries that support it enabling tens of millions to pay without requiring manual input leading to lower error rates.
BharatQR, developed by NPCI, Mastercard, and Visa, is an integrated payment system in India for mobile device. The system was launched in September 2016. It facilitates users to transfer their money from one source to another. The money transferred through BharatQR is received directly in the user's linked bank account. It provides a common interface between RuPay, Mastercard, Visa and American Express, and is interoperable with all the banks. Currently, BharatQR is supported on both Android and iOS devices.
A QR code payment is a mobile payment method where payment is performed by scanning a QR code from a mobile app. This is an alternative to doing electronic funds transfer at point of sale using a payment terminal. This avoids a lot of the infrastructure traditionally associated with electronic payments such as payment cards, payment networks, payment terminal and merchant accounts.
The app of UnionPay is a mobile and online payment service, developed and operated by UnionPay, the national Chinese bank card clearing service. Launched in 2017, it was designed to compete with the existing third-party Chinese mobile payment platforms, Alibaba Group's Alipay and Tencent's WeChat Pay. The mobile app allows the user to add their UnionPay bank card, and use it for various types of online and mobile payments, including in-app online payments, QR code payments, as well as contactless payments on NFC-enabled devices using UnionPay's QuickPass feature.