Siege of Mashhad | |||||||
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Part of Durrani Campaign to Khorasan (1754–55) | |||||||
![]() Map of Khorasan in 1775 | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Strength | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown |
The Siege of Mashhad began in 1754 when Ahmad Shah Durrani, ruler of the Durrani Empire, invaded Khorasan. Having earlier sacked Tun and Tabas, Ahmad Shah laid siege to the capital of the Afsharids in late July 1754.
Ahmad Shah began his campaign in May 1754. Afghan forces departed from Herat and made for Tun. Ahmad Shah dispatched Sardar Jahan Khan and Nasir Khan of Kalat, with them beginning their own campaign of devastating the countryside. [1] Following this, they marched against the governor of Tabas, Ali Murad Khan, who also assembled his own army and met the Afghans in battle, with Singh describing the battle that took place as one of the most bloodiest battles in Persian history. [2] Ammunition failed to gain any clear advantage for both sides, forcing both armies to draw swords and began clashing. The battle remained indecisive until Ali Murad Khan was killed, and the remaining Persian army was routed. [2]
With their opposition defeated, Tabas and Tun were conquered in between of June and July 1754 by the Afghans. [2] The Afghan armies continued their march unto Mashhad, arriving before the city on 23 July. [3] A long siege protracted until the Afsharids finally submitted to Ahmad Shah on 1 December 1754. [4] On the 4th, Ahmad Shah's name was read in the sermon, acknowledging his sovereignty and paramountcy over the Afsharids. [3]
With their victory, the domains Torshiz, Bakharz, Jam, Khaf, and Turbat-e Haidari were annexed from the Afsharids into the Durranis. [5] [3] Following this, Ahmad Shah then began his march on Nishapur in the following spring of 1755, while Shah Pasand Khan set out to march to Mazandaran against the Qajars. [3] [6]
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