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Conradh na Gaeilge is a social and cultural organisation which promotes the Irish language in Ireland and worldwide. The organisation was founded in 1893 with Douglas Hyde as its first president, when it emerged as the successor of several 19th century groups such as the Gaelic Union. The organisation would be the spearhead of the Gaelic revival and Gaeilgeoir activism. Originally the organisation intended to be apolitical, but many of its participants became involved in the republican movement and the struggle for Irish statehood.
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Irish orthography has evolved over many centuries, since Old Irish was first written down in the Latin alphabet in about the 8th century AD. Prior to that, Primitive Irish was written in Ogham. Irish orthography is mainly based on etymological considerations, although a spelling reform in the mid-20th century simplified the relationship between spelling and pronunciation somewhat.
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Oireachtas na Samhna is an annually held arts festival of Irish culture, which has run since the 1890s. Based on the Welsh Eisteddfod, Oireachtas na Gaeilge runs for one week, featuring performances, demonstrations and competitions. The festival is held in two portions: a visual arts festival in April/May and the festival proper on the last weekend of October or the first of November, when more than 100,000 people attend the seven-day event. In 2007, the festival was held at Westport. The 2008 festival took place in the Cork city suburb of Douglas, the local support committee was under the chairmanship of Peadar Ó Riada, son of the composer and founder of the male choir Cór Chúil Aodha, Seán Ó Riada.
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Máirtín Ó Murchú is an Irish professor of Celtic studies and emeritus professor of the Dublin Institute of Advanced Studies. He previously also was Director of the School of Celtic at DIAS and a Professor of Irish at Trinity College Dublin.
An Caighdeán Oifigiúil, often shortened to An Caighdeán, is the variety of the Irish language that is used as the standard or state norm for the spelling and grammar of the language and is used in official publications and taught in most schools in the Republic of Ireland. The standard is based on the three Gaeltacht dialects: Connacht Irish, Munster Irish, Ulster Irish. In Northern Ireland and County Donegal, the Ulster dialect is used extensively alongside the standard form, as the spoken language in Primary and Secondary Schools.
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References
- ↑ Ó Murchú, Máirtín (2001). Cumann Buan-Choimeádta na Gaeilge: Tús an Athréimnithe. Cois Life Teoranta. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
- ↑ Society for the Preservation of the Irish Language, Concise Oxford Companion to Irish Literature
- 1 2 Aidan Doyle (2015), A History of the Irish Language , p. 165
- 1 2 Ó Murchú, Máirtín (2001). Cumann Buan-Choimeádta na Gaeilge: Tús an Athréimnithe. Cois Life. p. 7. ISBN 1-901176-28-2.
- ↑ Brian Ó Cuív, "Irish Language and Literature, 1845–1921", in W. E. Vaughan, A New History of Ireland: Volume VI: Ireland under the Union, II: 1870-1921, p. 399
- ↑ Background on the Irish language, Údarás na Gaeltachta
- ↑ Celtia, September 1, 1901, p. 137.
- ↑ Doyle (2015), p. 170
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