St Francis House was a home for inland Aboriginal Australian boys from 1946 to 1959 at Glanville Hall in Semaphore South, Adelaide, South Australia.
Father Percy Smith purchased Glanville Hall on behalf of the Anglican Church to provide accommodation for young Aboriginal boys from remote areas who were attending school in the local area. [1] He founded the St Francis Boys' Home in order to bring boys down (including several from Alice Springs in the Northern Territory [2] ) for education and employment. [3]
In a time when it was commonly believed that Aboriginal children were unable to be educated beyond Grade 3, Smith saw the home as a way of providing a family environment for the children to pursue a higher level of education without losing their Aboriginal identity. He described the hostel as “not one of fostering, but rather a boarding establishment to which boys came with their mothers' consent for the school year, and in that respect it was no different from children being sent by their parents to a boarding school". [4]
The manor became known as "St Francis House: A Home for Inland Children" and over the next 14 years, more than 50 children found at home at St Francis on their way to greatness. Former residents include Charles Perkins AO , Gordon Briscoe AO , John Moriarty AM , Les Nayda AM , and Bill Espie (Queen's Medal for Bravery) and the artist Harold Thomas (activist) (Bundoo) who signed a $20m agreement with the Australian Government to secure the rights to the Aboriginal flag, meaning it can now be reproduced without a fee. [5] Some notable sporting identities included Vincent Copley, Richie Bray and Ken Hampton went on to play football for Port Adelaide, while Wally McArthur became an accomplished track and field athlete as well as rugby player. Many other residents went on to lead successful and fulfilled lives. [6]
Moriarty has said that St Francis House was an exceptional home. [7]
At St Francis House, the boys formed a strong, life-long bond with Smith and his wife, and with each other. [8]
A history of St Francis House is being written by former Australian test cricketer Ashley Mallett. [9]
The St Francis House Project was established in 2018 to document the history of the home. [10]
Some residents of St Francis House who later went on to forge sporting careers and/or became engaged in Indigenous activism include: [2]
Charles Nelson Perkins, usually known as Charlie Perkins, was an Aboriginal Australian activist, soccer player and administrator. It is claimed he was the first known Indigenous Australian man to graduate tertiary education. He is known for his instigation and organisation of the 1965 Freedom Ride and his key role in advocating for a "yes" vote in the 1967 Aboriginals referendum. He had a long career as a public servant.
Loraine Margaret Braham is an Australian politician. She was a member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1994 to 2008, representing the electorate of Braitling. She was initially elected as a representative of the Country Liberal Party, serving in that role from 1994 until 2001, but retained her seat as an independent after being disendorsed before the 2001 election. She was the Speaker of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1997 to 1999 and again from 2001 to 2005. Braham also served as a minister in the Stone government from 1999 to 2000.
Palm Valley, within the Finke Gorge National Park, is an east-west running valley in the Krichauff Range 123 km southwest of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory, Australia. Palm Valley and the surrounding area is the only place in Central Australia where Red Cabbage Palms survive. The nearest related species is 850 kilometres away in Katherine NT. The surrounding region is largely dry Central Ranges xeric scrub.
John Kundereri "Jumbana" Moriarty is an Aboriginal Australian artist, government advisor and former soccer player. He is also known as founder of the Balarinji Design Studio, for painting two Qantas jets with Aboriginal motifs.
The naming of Qantas aircraft has followed various themes since 1926.
Charles Duguid was a Scottish-born medical practitioner, social reformer, Presbyterian lay leader and Aboriginal rights campaigner who lived in Adelaide, South Australia for most of his adult life, and recorded his experience working among the Aboriginal Australians in a number of books. He founded the Ernabella mission station in the far north of South Australia. The Pitjantjatjara people gave him the honorific Tjilpi, meaning "respected old man". He and his wife Phyllis Duguid, also an Aboriginal rights campaigner as well as women's rights activist, led much of the work on improving the lives of Aboriginal people in South Australia in the mid-twentieth century.
Gordon Briscoe AO was an Aboriginal Australian academic and activist. In 1997, he became one of the first Indigenous persons to be awarded a PhD from an Australian University. He was also a soccer player.
Wally McArthur was an Aboriginal Australian rugby league footballer and track and field athlete. In 2008, the centenary of rugby league in Australia, he was named in the Aboriginal Australian rugby league team of the Century.
Hetty Perkins was an elder of the Eastern Arrernte people, an Aboriginal group from Central Australia. Several of her descendants have had prominent careers in various fields, both in the Northern Territory and in other states and territories.
The Bungalow was an institution for Aboriginal children established in 1914 in Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia. It existed at several locations in Alice Springs, Jay Creek and the Alice Springs Telegraph Station.
Rona Ellen Glynn, also known briefly as Rona Schaber after marriage, was the first Indigenous Australian school teacher and nurse in Alice Springs in the Northern Territory. In 1965 she became the first Aboriginal woman to have a pre-school named in her honour in Australia.
Elsie "Ma" May Jenkins was an opal and mica miner who worked at Lightning Ridge and Coober Pedy in South Australia and Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia. She is best known as the "Opal Queen" referencing her impressive opal collection.
Richard W. Bray, known as Richie Bray, was an Aboriginal Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club.
Percy McDonald Smith (1903-1982) was the first Priest-in-Charge of Alice Springs for the Anglican Church. He was also the first Archdeacon of the Northern Territory, Australia, founder of St John's Hostel in Alice Springs and later the founder of St Francis House in the Adelaide suburb of Semaphore South at Glanville Hall.
Malcolm Cooper was an Aboriginal Australian Australian rules footballer who played for Port Adelaide during the 1950s, and a social activist.
Edith Espie was a Western Arrernte foster mother and lay social worker in Alice Springs, Australia.
William Leonard Espie was the highest ranking Aboriginal person to serve on any Australian police force; he was, at one point the Chief Inspector in the NSW Police Force. He is remembered as a "Centralian hero".
Alfreda "Freda" Glynn, also known as Freda Thornton, is a Kaytetye photographer and media specialist. She is known as co-founder of the Central Australian Aboriginal Media Association Group of Companies, which incorporates CAAMA and Imparja.
Griffiths House was a Methodist children's home and hostel that operated in Alice Springs, in the Northern Territory of Australia, from 1945 - 1965. It was for children from remote areas of Central Australia who were attending school in Alice Springs.
Amelia Kunoth née Pavey was an Aboriginal Australian woman who developed well-known cattle stations in Central Australia, including Utopia, Bond Springs, Hamilton Downs and Tempe Downs.