 | This biographical article is written like a résumé .(October 2019) |
Christine Susan Betham Grimmond is a New Zealand scientist and professor of urban meteorology at the University of Reading. [1] She currently holds the post of Met Office Joint Chair. Grimmond is a pioneer of the fields of urban meteorology and micrometerology, which deal with the atmospheric boundary layer.
Grimmond completed her BSc in physical geography at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand in 1980. [2] In 1984, she obtained an MSc in physical geography, specialising in climatology and hydrology, from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. She completed her PhD on evapotranspiration of urban areas at the University of British Columbia in 1989.
In 1989, Grimmond took up an assistant professor post at Indiana University, USA, where she maintains an adjunct professor position. In 2006 she was appointed professor and chair of physical geography in the Environmental Monitoring & Modelling Group of King's College London, UK. In 2013 she took up the post of professor of urban meteorology at the University of Reading. [3]
Grimmond has undertaken visiting scientist positions at Shanghai Institute of Meteorological Sciences (China), the CSIRO Centre for Marine & Atmospheric Research (Australia), Göteborg University (Sweden), University of Tokyo (Japan) and Monash University (Australia). [4]
Grimmond has contributed to wide range of topics within boundary layer and urban meteorology, publishing around 240 papers which have attracted approximately 26,000 citations, generating a h-index of 85. [5] [6] She has been particularly influential in understanding the effects of urbanisation on climate [7] [8] and the representation of urban environments within climate and weather simulations. [9] [10] [11]
2020 Symons Gold Medal, Royal Meteorological Society [12]
2013 Chair of the World Meteorological Organization Expert Team on Urban and Building Climatology [13]
2012 Ernest Frolich Fellowship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Australia
2009 Luke Howard Award for outstanding contributions to the field of urban climatology, International Association for Urban Climate [14]
2009 Helmut E Landsberg Award, American Meteorological Society [15] for "contributions that have greatly advanced urban meteorology & urban climate sciences, and for sustained & effective leadership that has energized the urban climate research community"
2008 Universitatis Lodziensis Amico Medal, University of Łódź, Poland [16]
2006 Doctor of Science Honoris Causa, Göteborg University, Sweden
2006 Elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society [17]
2003-2007 President of the International Association for Urban Climate [18]
2001-2014 Associate editor of the Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology [19]
Greenland is located between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada and northwest of Iceland. The territory comprises the island of Greenland—the largest island in the world—and more than a hundred other smaller islands. Greenland has a 1.2 kilometre long border with Canada on Hans Island. A sparse population is confined to small settlements along certain sectors of the coast. Greenland possesses the world's second-largest ice sheet.
Altostratus is a middle-altitude cloud genus made up of water droplets, ice crystals, or a mixture of the two. Altostratus clouds are formed when large masses of warm, moist air rise, causing water vapor to condense. Altostratus clouds are usually gray or blueish featureless sheets, although some variants have wavy or banded bases. The sun can be seen through thinner altostratus clouds, but thicker layers can be quite opaque.
Vicky Pope is a scientist and the former head of the climate predictions programme at the Hadley Centre.
Klaus Ferdinand Hasselmann is a German oceanographer and climate modeller. He is Professor Emeritus at the University of Hamburg and former Director of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology. He was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Syukuro Manabe and Giorgio Parisi.
Urban climatology is the study of urban climate. It is a branch of climatology that concerns interactions between urban areas and the atmosphere, the effects they have on one another, and the varying spatial and temporal scales at which these processes occur.
An urban canyon is a place where the street is flanked by buildings on both sides creating a canyon-like environment, evolved etymologically from the Canyon of Heroes in Manhattan. Such human-built canyons are made when streets separate dense blocks of structures, especially skyscrapers. Other examples include the Magnificent Mile in Chicago, Los Angeles' Wilshire Boulevard corridor, Toronto's Financial District, and Hong Kong's Kowloon and Central districts.
Tropical cyclogenesis is the development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone in the atmosphere. The mechanisms through which tropical cyclogenesis occurs are distinctly different from those through which temperate cyclogenesis occurs. Tropical cyclogenesis involves the development of a warm-core cyclone, due to significant convection in a favorable atmospheric environment.
Syukuro "Suki" Manabe is a Japanese–American meteorologist and climatologist who pioneered the use of computers to simulate global climate change and natural climate variations. He was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi, for his contributions to the physical modeling of earth's climate, quantifying its variability, and predictions of climate change.
In meteorology and climatology, a mesonet, portmanteau of mesoscale network, is a network of automated weather and, often also including environmental monitoring stations, designed to observe mesoscale meteorological phenomena and/or microclimates.
A snow pillow is a device for measuring snowpack, especially for automated reporting stations such as SNOTEL.
Greenland's climate is a tundra climate on and near the coasts and an ice cap climate in inland areas. It typically has short, cool summers and long, moderately cold winters.
A water year is a term commonly used in hydrology to describe a time period of 12 months for which precipitation totals are measured. Its beginning differs from the calendar year because part of the precipitation that falls in late autumn and winter accumulates as snow and does not drain until the following spring or summer's snowmelt. The goal is to ensure that as much as possible of the surface runoff during the water year is attributable to the precipitation during the same water year.
William D. Sellers (18 August 1928 – 27 August 2014) was an American meteorologist, climate scientist, and pioneer of climate modelling. He created one the earliest climate models and was one of the first scientists to recognize the effects of CO2 in the atmosphere on the earth's climate. He published the textbook "Physical Climatology".
Cecilia M. Bitz is an American climatologist known for her research on sea ice and high-latitude climate change. She is a professor and chair in the Atmospheric Sciences Department, as well as the director of the Program on Climate Change at the University of Washington. She was featured on NPR's All Things Considered segment to speak about factors that lead to sea ice loss in 2007, and testified before the United States Senate committee of Energy and Natural Resources on arctic opportunities in 2015.
Jenni L. Evans is a Professor of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science at Pennsylvania State University, Director of the Institute for CyberScience and President of the American Meteorological Society. She was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society in 2010 and the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2019.
Bette Otto-Bliesner is an earth scientist known for her modeling of Earth's past climate and its changes over different geological eras.
Carl Wilhelm Max Dorno was a Prussian-born businessman and amateur meteorologist who settled in Davos, Switzerland for the recovery of his only daughter from tuberculosis. Interested in the effect of climate on health, he established a pioneering observatory, now known as the Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos (PMOD), for the study of solar radiation. He pioneered a field that has been termed as physiological, medical or biological climatology. Ultraviolet radiation was at the time also referred to as "Dorno radiation". The observatory continues to function as the PMOD World Radiation Centre.
Sukyoung Lee is a professor at Pennsylvania State University known for her research on circulation in Earth's atmosphere and the Southern Ocean. In 2021 Lee was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union.
Glenn Edmond Shaw is an American scientist specializing in atmospheric physics, especially relating to global climate change and long-range transport of aerosol material. He is Emeritus Professor of Physics and Atmospheric Science at the University of Alaska Fairbanks and a member of the scientific staff of the Geophysical Institute. He conducted research on global atmospheric transport of aerosols and feedback of biogenic aerosols on global climate. He and Kenneth Rahn did research on the sources and climatic effect of Arctic haze. He did pioneering work on the scientific concept of climate homeostasis through the sulfur cycle and atmospheric aerosol.
Andréa Sardinha Taschetto or A. S. Taschetto; Andréa Taschetto is a climate change scientist at the University of New South Wales, and winner of the Dorothy Hill award. She was awarded an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship in 2016. Her research has contributed to improved understanding of the role of oceans, on climate variability at regional scales, and from seasonal to mulit-decade timescales. This research also has assisted with future climate projections.
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