Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum

Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum
Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum
	Museum Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II
	Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum
	Location in Palembang
Former names	Residentiehuis
General information
Status	Museum
Architectural style	Indies Empire style
Location	Palembang, Indonesia
Address	Jl. Sultan Mahmud Badarudin, 19 Ilir, Bukit Kecil
Coordinates	2°59′25″S104°45′40″E / 2.990313°S 104.761067°E Coordinates: 2°59′25″S104°45′40″E / 2.990313°S 104.761067°E
Construction started	1823
Estimated completion	1825

Last updated August 20, 2019

Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum is a municipal museum in Palembang, Indonesia. The museum is established inside a 19th-century building former of the office of the colonial resident of South Sumatra. The building also houses the tourist department of Palembang.

Palembang is the capital city of the Indonesian province of South Sumatra. The city proper covers 369.22 square kilometres of land on both banks of the lower Musi River on the eastern lowland of southern Sumatra, with an estimated population of 1,708,413 in 2014. Palembang is the second most populous city in Sumatra, after Medan, the ninth most populous city in Indonesia, and the nineteenth most populous city in Southeast Asia. The metropolitan area of Greater Palembang comprises part of regencies surrounding the city such as Banyuasin, Ogan Ilir, and Ogan Komering Ilir, with a total estimated population of more than 3.5 million in 2015.

Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands, and at 1,904,569 square kilometres, the 14th largest by land area and 7th in the combined sea and land area. With over 261 million people, it is the world's 4th most populous country as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population.

History

The location of the present museum was originally the location of the Kuta Lama, the old palace of Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin I (1724–1758), sovereign of the Palembang Sultanate. Following the abolition of the Palembang Sultanate, the palace of Kuta Lama was demolished by the British colonial government on October 7, 1823.^[1] The abolition of the Sultanate was a form of punishment made by the British colonial government toward the Palembang Sultanate for the massacre that occurred in the Dutch lodge Sungai Alur, although this may have been a political movement to remove the sovereignty of the Sultanate from the city.^[2]

The Sultanate of Palembang Darussalam is a princely state of Indonesia whose capital was the city of Palembang in the southern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. It was proclaimed in 1675 by Sultan Abdurrahman (1659–1706) and dissolved by the colonial government of the Dutch Indies on October 7, 1823. In 1825, its last ruler, Sultan Ahmad Najamuddin, was arrested and sent into exile on the island of Banda Neira in the Moluccas.

Mahmud Badaruddin I, also known as Jayo Wikramo, was the fourth regent of the Palembang Sultanate in Palembang, South Sumatra. Mahmud Badaruddin I reigned the Palembang Sultanate between 1724 and 1757.

Immediately after the demolition of the Kuta Lama, in 1823, a new building was built on top of the ruin.^[2]^[3] The first building was completed in 1824 and was named Gedung Siput ("snail building").^[4] Later the building was rebuilt into the building that currently stands on the site. The new building is a two-floored stone building built in a style which blend European style with the tropical architecture of the Indies, focusing on the traditional rumah bari style found in Palembang. In 1825, the building was used as the office for the colonial resident.^[1] In the 1920s the building was renovated with the addition of more glass.^[2]

Rumah limas, also known as rumah bari, is a type of traditional house found in Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia. They can also be found in Baturaja. The house is traditionally built of wood and raised on stilts, with a stepped, or gradated, floor composed of two to five areas at slightly different heights, with a broad porch, and a distinctive roof. In Palembang, these houses are associated with the nobility and other people of high status. The style was adopted across Sumatra, Java, and Malaysia by the Dutch and the Chinese alike.

During the World War II, the building was used as the military headquarters of the Japanese occupants.

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. The major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 70 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.

The Japanese Empire occupied the Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia, during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of the war in September 1945. The period was one of the most critical in Indonesian history. The Dutch East Indies had been a colony of the Netherlands since 1819. However, the Netherlands itself had been occupied by Germany in 1940, and thus had little ability to defend its colony against the Imperial Japanese Army, and less than three months after the first attacks on Borneo, the Japanese navy and army overran Dutch and allied forces. Initially, most Indonesians joyfully welcomed the Japanese as liberators from their Dutch colonial masters. The sentiment changed, however, as Indonesians realized that they were expected to endure more hardship for the Japanese war effort. In 1944–1945, Allied troops largely bypassed Indonesia and did not fight their way into the most populous parts such as Java and Sumatra. As such, most of Indonesia was still under Japanese occupation at the time of its surrender in August 1945.

Following the independence of Indonesia, the building became the headquarter for the Kodam II/Sriwijaya Indonesian Army for a short period. The building was later transferred to the government of Palembang before finally converted into a museum in 1984.^[2] The collecting of objects for Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum was started in 1984 when the rumah bari, an authentic limas house, was transported to a new location at Balaputradeva Museum. Some collections that were previously housed in the rumah bari was moved to Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum.^[2]

2nd Military Region Command/Sriwijaya is a territorial defence command, which includes the provinces of Bengkulu, Jambi, South Sumatra, Bangka-Belitung Islands and Lampung. The commander is Army Maj. Gen. Nugroho Widiyotomo, who has held the position since January 2008.

Balaputradeva Museum, officially the State Museum of South Sumatra Province "Balaputradeva", is an ethnographic museum located in Palembang, Indonesia. The museum is the state museum of the Province of South Sumatra. The name Balaputradeva is derived from Balaputra, a 9th century sovereign of Srivijaya kingdom and the former head of the Sailendra dynasty whose main center was located in the vicinity of Palembang. Balaputradeva Museum displays the history and traditions of the province of South Sumatra.

Collection and artifacts

Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Museum displays a predictable collection of South Sumatran textiles, weapons, traditional dress, crafts, and coins. The gardens of the museum is filled with artefacts from the Srivijayan period, e.g. statues of Ganesha and Buddha.

Srivijaya, was a dominant thalassocratic Indonesian city-state based on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, which influenced much of Southeast Asia. Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the 8th to the 12th century AD. Srivijaya was the first unified kingdom to dominate much of Indonesian archipelago. The rise of the Srivijayan Empire is seen to run parallel to the end of the Malay sea-faring period. Due to its location, this once powerful state developed complex technology utilizing maritime resources. In addition, its economy became progressively reliant on the booming trade in the region, thus transforming it into a prestige goods based economy.

Ganesha, also known as Ganapati, Vinayaka, or by numerous other names, is one of the best-known and most worshipped deities in the Hindu pantheon. His image is found throughout India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Fiji, Thailand, Bali (Indonesia) and Bangladesh. Hindu denominations worship him regardless of affiliations. Devotion to Ganesha is widely diffused and extends to Jains and Buddhists.

Related Research Articles

South Sumatra is a province of Indonesia. It is located in the southeast of the island of Sumatra, The province spans 91,592.43 km² (35,364 sq mi) and had a population of 7,450,394 at the 2010 Census; the latest official estimate is 10,675,862. The capital of the province is Palembang. The province borders Jambi to the north, Bengkulu to the west and Lampung to the south. The Bangka Strait in the east separates South Sumatra and the island of Bangka, which is part of the Bangka Belitung Islands province. This province is rich in natural resources, such as petroleum, natural gas and coal. The province is very diverse, as it is inhabited by many different ethnic groups. The Malays is the dominant ethnic group in the province. Most of them spoke the Palembang Malay, which is mutually unintelligible to both Indonesian and Standard Malay. Other ethnic groups also inhabits the province, such as the Javanese, Sundanese, Minangkabau and Chinese. Most of them are concentrated around urban areas, as they are mostly immigrants from other parts of Indonesia.

Pangkal Pinang is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of the Bangka Belitung Islands. Located on Bangka Island's east coast, the city is divided into seven districts and has 42 wards.

Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II International Airport airport

Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Airport is an international airport serving the city of Palembang, South Sumatra and surrounding areas. It is located in the region KM.10 Talang Betutu District. It is named after Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin, the last Sultan of Palembang.

Pelangi Airways Sdn Bhd was a regional airline of Malaysia based at Kuala Lumpur Subang Airport. The airline covered secondary routes within Peninsular Malaysia and international flights to Sumatra in Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore.

Bukit Seguntang is a 29–30 metres high small hill located at the northern bank of Musi River and within the vicinity of Palembang, capital city of South Sumatra province, Indonesia. It is located around 3 kilometres north from Musi river northern bank and around four kilometres southwest from Palembang city center. The place is considered sacred by the locals and home of many archeological relics believed to be related to Srivijaya Empire, once a dominating political power around Malacca Strait. Today the hill gain status as an archaeological park.

Jakabaring Sport City(sic), also known as Jakabaring Sports Complex is an integrated sports facility complex in Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The complex is located 5 kilometers southeast of Palembang city center, across the Musi river by the Ampera Bridge in Jakabaring, Seberang Ulu I area.

Srivijaya archaeological park, formerly known as Karanganyar archaeological site, is the ancient remnants of a garden and habitation area near the northern bank of Musi river within Palembang vicinity, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Remnants of ancient man-made canals, moats, ponds and artificial islands discovered in this area suggests the site was related with a 9th-century settlement related to the Srivijaya empire. Several artifacts, such as Buddhist statues, beads, pottery and Chinese ceramics were found in this area, confirming the area was once a dense human habitation.

Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II (1767–1852) was the 8th Sultan of the Palembang Sultanate and is now regarded as a National Hero of Indonesia.

Riau-Lingga Sultanate, also known as the Lingga-Riau Sultanate, Riau Sultanate or Lingga Sultanate was a Malay sultanate that existed from 1824 to 1911, before being dissolved following Dutch intervention.

The Great Mosque of Palembang, also known as Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin I Great Mosque after the former Sultan of Palembang, is the main mosque of Palembang, the capital of South Sumatra. The mosque is the largest in South Sumatra, and the third largest mosque in Sumatra after the Grand Mosque of West Sumatra and Great Mosque of Pekanbaru.

The Palembang Light Rail Transit is an operational light rail transit system in Palembang, Indonesia which connects Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II International Airport and Jakabaring Sport City. This is the first Light Rail Transit in Indonesia.

Palembang is the capital city of South Sumatra province of Indonesia. Currently, this city the oldest existing city in Indonesia, dates back to 7th century. Palembang was once the capital city of Srivijaya, a Malay kingdom which ruled parts of the western archipelago and controlled maritime trade routes especially in the Strait of Malacca. Palembang incorporated into Dutch East Indies in 1825 after the abolishment of Palembang Sultanate. Palembang is chartered as a city in 1 April 1906. Palembang today is the second largest city in Sumatra and the ninth largest city in Indonesia. The city has become host of several international events, including 2011 Southeast Asian Games and 2018 Asian Games.

Kuto Besak, also Benteng Kuto Besak is an 18th-century kraton in Palembang, Indonesia. Kuto Besak was the center of the Sultanate of Palembang before its abolition by the Dutch colonial government. The fort was constructed in 1780 and took seventeen years to complete. Kuto Besak was inaugurated in 1797, marked by the transfer of the royal residence from the older Kuto Lamo to Kuto Be

References

1 2 Taal 2002, p. 174.
1 2 3 4 5 Pemerintahan Kota Palembang 2008.
↑ Association of Southeast Asian Archaeologists in Western Europe 1992, p. 68.
↑ Syarufie 2005, p. 9.

Cited works

Association of Southeast Asian Archaeologists in Western Europe (1992). Ian, Glover (ed.). Southeast Asian archaeology 1990: proceedings of the third Conference of the European Association of Southeast Asian Archaeologists. University of Hull. ISBN 9780859585934.
Manguin, Pierre-Yves (2008). "'Welcome to Bumi Sriwijaya' or the Building of a Provincial Identity in Contemporary Indonesia" (PDF). Asia Research Institute. Working Paper Series (102). Retrieved May 14, 2017.
Pemerintahan Kota Palembang (2008). Buku Museum Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II. Palembang: Musi Persona Persada.
Syarufie, Yudhy (2005). Palembang Kota Wisata Sungai[River Tour City of Palembang] (in Indonesian). Palembang: Kreasi Kifi.
Taal, Sandra (2002). Nas, Peter J.M. (ed.). Cultural expressions, collective memory and the urban landscape in Palembang - The Indonesian Town Revisited. Southeast Asian Dynamics. 1. Münster: LIT Verlag. ISBN 9783825860387.