The Supreme Court of India is the supreme judicial authority and the highest court of the Republic of India. It is the final court of appeal for all civil and criminal cases in India. It also has the power of judicial review. The Supreme Court,which consists of the chief justice of India and a maximum of fellow 33 judges,has extensive powers in the form of original,appellate and advisory jurisdictions.
Allahabad High Court,officially known as High Court of Judicature at Allahabad,is the high court based in the city of Prayagraj,formerly known as Allahabad,that has jurisdiction over the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It was established on 17 March 1866,making it one of the oldest high courts to be established in India.
Dhananjaya Yeshwant Chandrachud is an Indian jurist,who served as the 50th Chief Justice of India from 9 November 2022 to 10 November 2024. He was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of India in May 2016. He has also previously served as the chief justice of the Allahabad High Court from 2013 to 2016 and as a judge of the Bombay High Court from 2000 to 2013. He also served as the ex-officio Patron-in-Chief of the National Legal Services Authority and the de facto Chancellor of the National Law School of India University.
The judiciary of India is the system of courts that interpret and apply the law in the Republic of India. The Constitution of India provides concept for a single and unified judiciary in India. India uses a mixed legal system based majorly on the common law system with civil laws applicable in certain territories in combination with certain religion specific personal laws.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) rights in India have expanded in the 21st century,though much of India's advancements on LGBT rights have come from the judiciary and not the legislature. LGBTQ people in India continue to face legal and social challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ people. There are no legal restrictions against gay sex within India. Same-sex couples have some limited cohabitation rights,colloquially known as live-in relationships. However,India does not currently provide for common-law marriage,same-sex marriage,civil union,guardianship,unregistered cohabitation or issue partnership certificates.
Ajit Nath Ray was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India from 25 April 1973 till his retirement on 28 January 1977.
Ranjan Gogoi is an Indian former advocate and judge who served as the 46th Chief Justice of India from 2018 to 2019,having previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of India from 2012 to 2018. He is currently a Member of the Rajya Sabha,having been nominated by President Ram Nath Kovind on 16 March 2020. Gogoi served as a judge in the Gauhati High Court from 2001 to 2010,and then was transferred as a judge to the Punjab and Haryana High Court from 2010 to 2011 where he later was the Chief Justice from 2011 to 2012. He is also a member of the Committee on External Affairs in the Rajya Sabha.
Sharad Arvind Bobde is an Indian judge who served as the 47th Chief Justice of India from 18 November 2019 to 23 April 2021.
Nuthalapati Venkata Ramana is a former Indian judge and journalist who served as the 48th Chief Justice of India.
Justice Gita Mittal is a retired Indian judge. She is the former Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court and the first woman judge to serve in that capacity. She has also served as the Acting Chief Justice of Delhi High Court while she was serving as a Judge of the Delhi High Court.
Narayan Shukla(born 18 July 1958) also known as SN Shukla was an Allahabad High Court Judge. The Chief Justice of India Dipak Misra has written to the President of India recommending his removal for his alleged involvement in the medical college admission scam.
Vijaya Kamlesh Tahilramani is a former Indian judge and prosecutor,who last served as the chief justice of the Madras High Court. Previously,as a judge of the Bombay High Court,she notably upheld the conviction of several persons for the rape of a pregnant Muslim woman during the 2002 Gujarat riots,chastising investigative authorities for their inaction in the matter,and also refused parole for those convicted in the 1993 Bombay bombings. She retired in 2019,after refusing to accept a controversial transfer from the Madras High Court to the Meghalaya High Court.
The Indian#MeToo movement began in late 2018 to manifest in areas of the Indian society including the government,the media,and the Bollywood film industry. In India,the Me Too movement is seen as either an independent outgrowth influenced by the international campaign against sexual harassment of women in the workplace,or an offshoot of the American "Me Too" social movement. Me Too began gaining prominence in India with the increasing popularity of the international movement,and later gathered sharp momentum in October 2018 in the entertainment industry of Bollywood,centered in Mumbai,when actress Tanushree Dutta accused Nana Patekar of sexual harassment. This led to many women in the news media,Indian films,and even within the government to speak out and bring allegations of sexual harassment against a number of perpetrators.
Sadhana Sanjay Jadhav is a former judge of the Bombay High Court,in Maharashtra,India. Jadhav has been the judge in a number of notable cases concerning criminal offences,including the death of Sheena Bora,the Adarsh Housing Society scam,the trial of Bollywood actor Sanjay Dutt in relation to the 1993 Bombay bombings,the case concerning the suicide of medical resident Payal Tadvi,and the case concerning the murder of writer Govind Pansare. Jadhav is also responsible for several legally significant interpretations of criminal law and procedure,concerning the right to appeal,and regarding penalties under the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Act 1989.
Rebecca Mammen John is a Senior Advocate at the Supreme Court of India,and works primarily in the field of criminal defence. She has represented parties in several widely reported cases,including the families of victims of the 1987 Hashimpura massacre,Indian stockbroker Harshad Mehta,and the accused in the Aarushi murder case. She has also been appointed as a Special Public Prosecutor on occasion by the High Court of Delhi,and frequently comments in leading newspapers and the media on issues of criminal justice reform in India.
Bengaluru Venkataramiah Nagarathna is a judge of the Supreme Court of India. She served as a judge of the Karnataka High Court from 2008 to 2021. Her father,E. S. Venkataramiah,was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India in 1989.
Mridula Bhatkar is a former judge of the Bombay High Court,in Maharashtra,India,serving on the court between 2009 and 2019. She adjudicated in several notable cases during her tenure as a judge,including the Jalgaon rape case,the 2006 Mumbai train bombings,and the conviction of Gujarat police officers and doctors in the 2002 gangrape of Bilkis Bano.
Usha Mehra is a former judge of the Delhi High Court,in India. She authored a significant report on lapses in police and judicial procedure in investigating and prosecuting cases of sexual assault in India,following the 2012 Delhi gang-rape and murder.
Rajesh Bindal is a judge of Supreme Court of India. He is the former chief justice of Allahabad High Court. He has also earlier served as the acting chief justice of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court and the Calcutta High Court.
Ujjawal &Anr. versus State of Haryana&Ors.(2021),a case where Punjab and Haryana High Court,refused to provide police protection to a couple facing threat to their lives and personal liberty,citing potential disruption to "social fabric of the society."
