The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is the largest office within the Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP). OMB's most prominent function is to produce the president's budget,but it also examines agency programs,policies,and procedures to see whether they comply with the president's policies and coordinates inter-agency policy initiatives.
The Privacy Act of 1974,a United States federal law,establishes a Code of Fair Information Practice that governs the collection,maintenance,use,and dissemination of personally identifiable information about individuals that is maintained in systems of records by federal agencies. A system of records is a group of records under the control of an agency from which information is retrieved by the name of the individual or by some identifier assigned to the individual. The Privacy Act requires that agencies give the public notice of their systems of records by publication in the Federal Register. The Privacy Act prohibits the disclosure of information from a system of records absent of the written consent of the subject individual,unless the disclosure is pursuant to one of twelve statutory exceptions. The Act also provides individuals with a means by which to seek access to and amendment of their records and sets forth various agency record-keeping requirements. Additionally,with people granted the right to review what was documented with their name,they are also able to find out if the "records have been disclosed" and are also given the right to make corrections.
The United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is an independent agency of the United States government that manages the United States federal civil service. The agency provides federal human resources policy,oversight,and support,and tends to healthcare (FEHB),life insurance (FEGLI),and retirement benefits for federal government employees,retirees,and their dependents.
The Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 is a United States federal law enacted in 2002 as Title III of the E-Government Act of 2002. The act recognized the importance of information security to the economic and national security interests of the United States. The act requires each federal agency to develop,document,and implement an agency-wide program to provide information security for the information and information systems that support the operations and assets of the agency,including those provided or managed by another agency,contractor,or other source.
A cybersecurity regulation comprises directives that safeguard information technology and computer systems with the purpose of forcing companies and organizations to protect their systems and information from cyberattacks like viruses,worms,Trojan horses,phishing,denial of service (DOS) attacks,unauthorized access and control system attacks. While cybersecurity regulations aim to minimize cyber risks and enhance protection,the uncertainty arising from frequent changes or new regulations can significantly impact organizational response strategies.
The Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996 is a United States federal law,designed to improve the way the federal government acquires,uses and disposes information technology (IT). It was passed as Division E of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996. Together with the Federal Acquisition Reform Act of 1996,it is known as the Clinger–Cohen Act.
Karen S. Evans is a former United States Senate confirmed,Presidential Appointed executive,who served as the first Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity,Energy Security and Emergency Response at the U.S. Department of Energy. An executive who served in three Presidential Appointed positions in two Administrations.
Vivek Kundra is a former American administrator who served as the first chief information officer of the United States from March,2009 to August,2011 under President Barack Obama. He is currently the chief operating officer at Sprinklr,a provider of enterprise customer experience management software based in NYC. He was previously a visiting Fellow at Harvard University.
The federal Chief Information Officer of the United States,also known as the United States Chief Information Officer,is the administrator of the Office of Electronic Government,or the Office of the Federal CIO (OFCIO),which is part of the Office of Management and Budget. The President appoints the Federal CIO. The appointee does not require Senate confirmation. It was created by the E-Government Act of 2002.
Cyberwarfare is the use of computer technology to disrupt the activities of a state or organization,especially the deliberate attacking of information systems for strategic or military purposes. As a major developed economy,the United States is highly dependent on the Internet and therefore greatly exposed to cyber attacks. At the same time,the United States has substantial capabilities in both defense and power projection thanks to comparatively advanced technology and a large military budget. Cyber warfare presents a growing threat to physical systems and infrastructures that are linked to the internet. Malicious hacking from domestic or foreign enemies remains a constant threat to the United States. In response to these growing threats,the United States has developed significant cyber capabilities.
The National Institute for Standards and Technology's (NIST) Risk Management Framework (RMF) is a United States federal government guideline,standard and process for risk management to help secure information systems developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology. The Risk Management Framework (RMF),illustrated in the diagram to the right,provides a disciplined and structured process that integrates information security,privacy and risk management activities into the system development life cycle.
The Federal Information Technology Acquisition Reform Act made changes to the ways the U.S. federal government buys and manages computer technology. It became law as a part of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Title VIII,Subtitle D,H.R. 3979.
The National Cybersecurity Center of Excellence (NCCoE) is a US government organization that builds and publicly shares solutions to cybersecurity problems faced by U.S. businesses. The center,located in Rockville,Maryland,was established in 2012 through a partnership with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),the state of Maryland,and Montgomery County. The center is partnered with nearly 20 market-leading IT companies,which contribute hardware,software and expertise.
The Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP) is a United States federal government-wide compliance program that provides a standardized approach to security assessment,authorization,and continuous monitoring for cloud products and services.
The Office of Personnel Management data breach was a 2015 data breach targeting Standard Form 86 (SF-86) U.S. government security clearance records retained by the United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM). One of the largest breaches of government data in U.S. history,the attack was carried out by an advanced persistent threat based in China,widely believed to be the Jiangsu State Security Department,a subsidiary of the Government of China's Ministry of State Security spy agency.
LaVerne H. Council,MBA,DBA was the Assistant Secretary for Information and Technology and Chief Information Officer for the Office of Information and Technology within the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Council assumed this role in July 2015. President Obama nominated Council to the role in March 2015. Council was confirmed by the 114th Congress on June 23,2015,making Council the first female CIO of a Cabinet-level federal agency. She managed a $4.2B Information Technology (IT) appropriation,the first centralized and only IT appropriation in the federal government.
Russell "Russ" Thurlow Vought is an American former government official who was the director of the Office of Management and Budget from July 2020 to January 2021. He was previously deputy director of the OMB from 2018 to 2020 and acting director from 2019 to 2020.
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) is a component of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) responsible for cybersecurity and infrastructure protection across all levels of government,coordinating cybersecurity programs with U.S. states,and improving the government's cybersecurity protections against private and nation-state hackers.
