TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets

Last updated

TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME) is an exoplanet search project. The researchers of the THYME collaboration are mainly from the United States [1] [2] and search for young exoplanets using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The new discoveries should help to understand the early evolution of exoplanets. [3] As of March 2023 the collaboration produced 9 papers announcing the discovery of exoplanets.

Paper number 8 adapted the backronym to "Transit Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets", because it used data from the Kepler space telescope. [4]

List of discoveries

Nameorbital period

(days)

Radius

(R🜨)

age

(Myrs)

discovery yearreference
DS Tuc Ab (TOI-200.01)8.15.7452019 [1]
HIP 67522 b 6.9610.0172020 [5]
HIP 67522 c (candidate)≥238.01172020 [5]
HD 63433 d 4.21.14002024 [6]
HD 63433 b (TOI-1726.01)7.112.154002020 [7]
HD 63433 c (TOI-1726.02)20.552.674002020 [7]
TOI-451 b1.91.91202021 [8]
TOI-451 c9.23.11202021 [8]
TOI-451 d164.11202021 [8]
HD 110082 b (TOI-1098.01)10.23.22502021 [9]
TOI-1227 b 27.49.5112022 [10]
TOI-2048 b 13.82.6 [11] 3002022 [2]
Kepler-1928 b 19.582.01052022 [12]
HD 109833 b (TOI-1097.01)9.192.9272023 [13]
HD 109833 c (TOI-1097.02)13.902.6272023 [13]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scorpius–Centaurus association</span> The OB association closest to the sun

The Scorpius–Centaurus association is the nearest OB association to the Sun. This stellar association is composed of three subgroups and its distance is about 130 parsecs or 420 light-years. Using improved Hipparcos data, Rizzuto and colleagues analysed nearby stars more closely, bringing the number of known members to 436. They doubt the need to add a subclassification because they found a more continuous spread of stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gliese 22</span> Star in the constellation Cassiopeia

Gliese 22, also catalogued V547 Cassiopeiae or ADS 440, is a hierarchical star system approximately 33 light-years away in the constellation of Cassiopeia. The system consists of pair of red dwarf stars, Gliese 22A and Gliese 22C, orbited by a third red dwarf Gliese 22B in an outer orbit of about 223 years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruprecht 147</span> Dispersed open cluster

Ruprecht 147 or NGC 6774 is a dispersed star cluster in the Milky Way galaxy. It is about 1,000 light years away, which is close to Earth in comparison with other such clusters. In late summer, it can be seen with binoculars in the constellation of Sagittarius. The stars, bound by gravity, are about 2.5 to 3.25 billion years old. The cluster, discovered in 1830 by John Herschel, was sometimes thought to be an asterism due to its sparseness and location against the background of the richest part of the Milky Way, and also since the brightest stars in this old cluster perished long ago. In 1966 the Czech astronomer Jaroslav Ruprecht classified it as a type III 2 m open cluster under the Trumpler scheme. It received otherwise little attention until 2012, when it was identified as a potentially important reference gauge for stellar and Galactic astrophysics research, particularly the research of Sun-like stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DS Tucanae</span> Binary star system in the constellation of Tucana

DS Tucanae is a binary star system 144 light years away in the constellation of Tucana. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 8.5, and is a RS Canum Venaticorum variable. The system is notable for being young as a member of the 45 Myr old Tucana-Horologium moving group and for the primary star hosting the confirmed exoplanet DS Tucanae Ab, discovered by THYME, using TESS.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">V1298 Tauri</span> Star in the constellation Taurus

V1298 Tauri is a young weakly-lined T Tauri star that is part of the Taurus-Auriga association in the Taurus Molecular Cloud. Alternatively it is part of a proposed moving group, called Group 29 that is slightly older. The system has four transiting exoplanets, discovered with the Kepler space telescope in the K2 mission. One of the planets was discovered in August 2019 and the other three were discovered in November 2019 by the same team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TYC 8998-760-1</span> Star in the constellation Musca

TYC 8998-760-1 is a young star, about 27 Myr old, located 310 light years away in the constellation of Musca, with a mass 1.00±0.02 times the Sun.

HIP 67522 b is a hot Jupiter exoplanet orbiting the G-type star HIP 67522, located approximately 415 light-years from Earth in the constellation Centaurus, discovered using the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). It is currently the youngest hot Jupiter discovered, at an age of only 17 million years; it is also one of the youngest transiting planets of any type, and one of only four others less than 100 million years old to have the angle between its orbit and its host star's rotation measured, at 5.8+2.8
−5.7 degrees. This planet, in turn, may help in knowing how other hot Jupiters form.

The TESS-Keck Survey or TKS is an exoplanet search project that uses the Keck I and the Automated Planet Finder (APF) to conduct ground-based follow-up of planet candidates discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. The TKS aims to measure the mass for about 100 exoplanets and has been awarded some of the largest time allocations in the histories of Keck I and APF. The program has four main science themes:

  1. the bulk compositions of small planets
  2. dynamical temperatures and system architectures
  3. a larger, more refined sample for future atmospheric studies
  4. planets orbiting evolved stars

TOI-1227 b is one of the youngest transiting exoplanets discovered, alongside K2-33b and HIP 67522 b. The exoplanet TOI-1227 b is about 11±2 Myrs old and currently 9.5 R🜨 large. It will become a 3-5 R🜨 planet in about 1 billion years, because the planet is still contracting. TOI-1227 b orbits a very low-mass star every 27.36 days.

HD 63433 is a G-type main sequence star located 73 light-years from Earth in the zodiacal constellation Gemini, visually close to the star Pollux. It is classified as a Sun-like star, having a mass 99% similar and a size 91% similar to that of the Sun. However, it is a much younger star, less than one tenth as old with an age of about 400 million years. With an apparent magnitude of 6.9, it is not visible to the naked eye, but can be seen with a small telescope. Based on its kinematic, rotational and lithium abundance properties, it is part of the Ursa Major Moving Group. There are three exoplanets orbiting it, one is classified as an Earth-sized planet, while the two others are mini-Neptunes.

HD 63433 d is a confirmed exoplanet orbiting HD 63433, a Sun-like star located 73 light-years away in the constellation Gemini. It was the third exoplanet to be discovered in orbit around this star, the other two were HD 63433 b and c, discovered in 2020. Its radius is measured at around 1.1 R🜨, which makes it similar to the Earth in size. Orbiting its star at a distance of 0.0503 astronomical units (7,520,000 km), it is the innermost planet orbiting HD 63433, and completes an orbit around it just every 4 days. Due to the proximity of its star, the planet is scorching hot, having a temperature estimated at 1260 °C at daytime. The proximity of its star also causes it to be tidally locked.

HD 63433 c is a mini-Neptune exoplanet orbiting the Sun-like star HD 63433. It is the outermost planet in its planetary system, being located 0.1448 astronomical units (21,660,000 km) from its star, and completing one orbit every 21 days. Despite being the outermost planet in the system, it is still located close to its star, meaning that its temperature is hot, being estimated between 267 and 406 °C. HD 63433 c is about 2.7 times larger than Earth and 15.5 times more massive, but still smaller and less massive than Neptune. In 2022, a study showed that its atmosphere, made up of hydrogen, is being evaporated by the strong radiation from its star, causing it to slowly turn into a super-Earth planet.

References

  1. 1 2 Newton, Elisabeth R.; Mann, Andrew W.; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Pearce, Logan; Rizzuto, Aaron C.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Martinez, Raquel A.; Wang, Jason J.; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Kraus, Adam L.; Johnson, Marshall C.; Thao, Pa Chia; Wood, Mackenna L.; Rampalli, Rayna; Nielsen, Eric L. (2019-07-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME): A Planet in the 45 Myr Tucana-Horologium Association". The Astrophysical Journal. 880 (1): L17. arXiv: 1906.10703 . Bibcode:2019ApJ...880L..17N. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab2988 . hdl: 1721.1/124722 . ISSN   0004-637X.
  2. 1 2 Newton, Elisabeth R.; Rampalli, Rayna; Kraus, Adam L.; Mann, Andrew W.; Curtis, Jason L.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Krolikowski, Daniel M.; Huber, Daniel; Petter, Grayson C.; Bieryla, Allyson; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Thao, Pa Chia; Wood, Mackenna L.; Kerr, Ronan; Safanov, Boris S. (2022-09-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VII. Membership, Rotation, and Lithium in the Young Cluster Group-X and a New Young Exoplanet". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (3): 115. arXiv: 2206.06254 . Bibcode:2022AJ....164..115N. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac8154 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  3. ↑ Tofflemire, B.; Newton, E.; Mann, A.; Rizzuto, A.; Vanderburg, A.; Kraus, A. (2020-01-01). "THYME: The TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets — Project Overview and Early Results". American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts #235. 235: 174.18. Bibcode:2020AAS...23517418T.
  4. ↑ Barber, Madyson G.; Mann, Andrew W.; Bush, Jonathan L.; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Kraus, Adam L.; Krolikowski, Daniel M.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Fields, Matthew J.; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Owens, Dylan A.; Thao, Pa Chia (2022-09-01). "Transit Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VIII. A Pleiades-age Association Harboring Two Transiting Planetary Systems from Kepler". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (3): 88. arXiv: 2206.08383 . Bibcode:2022AJ....164...88B. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac7b28 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  5. 1 2 Rizzuto, Aaron C.; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Mann, Andrew W.; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Kraus, Adam L.; Wood, Mackenna L.; Quinn, Samuel N.; Zhou, George; Thao, Pa Chia; Law, Nicholas M.; Ziegler, Carl; Briceño, César (2020-07-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). II. A 17 Myr Old Transiting Hot Jupiter in the Sco-Cen Association". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (1): 33. arXiv: 2005.00013 . Bibcode:2020AJ....160...33R. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab94b7 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  6. ↑ Capistrant, Benjamin K.; Soares-Furtado, Melinda; Vanderburg, Andrew; Jankowski, Alyssa; Mann, Andrew W.; Ross, Gabrielle; Srdoc, Gregor; Hinkel, Natalie R.; Becker, Juliette; Magliano, Christian; Limbach, Mary Anne; Stephan, Alexander P.; Nine, Andrew C.; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Kraus, Adam L. (2024-02-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). XI. An Earth-sized Planet Orbiting a Nearby, Solar-like Host in the 400 Myr Ursa Major Moving Group". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (2): 54. arXiv: 2401.04785 . Bibcode:2024AJ....167...54C. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ad1039 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  7. 1 2 Mann, Andrew W.; Johnson, Marshall C.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Kraus, Adam L.; Rizzuto, Aaron C.; Wood, Mackenna L.; Bush, Jonathan L.; Rockcliffe, Keighley; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Latham, David W.; Mamajek, Eric E.; Zhou, George; Quinn, Samuel N.; Thao, Pa Chia; Benatti, Serena (2020-10-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). III. A Two-planet System in the 400 Myr Ursa Major Group". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (4): 179. arXiv: 2005.00047 . Bibcode:2020AJ....160..179M. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/abae64 . hdl: 1721.1/134443.2 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  8. 1 2 3 Newton, Elisabeth R.; Mann, Andrew W.; Kraus, Adam L.; Livingston, John H.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Curtis, Jason L.; Thao, Pa Chia; Hawkins, Keith; Wood, Mackenna L.; Rizzuto, Aaron C.; Soubkiou, Abderahmane; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Zhou, George; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Pearce, Logan A. (2021-02-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). IV. Three Small Planets Orbiting a 120 Myr Old Star in the Pisces-Eridanus Stream". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (2): 65. arXiv: 2102.06049 . Bibcode:2021AJ....161...65N. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/abccc6 . hdl: 1721.1/134445.2 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  9. ↑ Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Rizzuto, Aaron C.; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Kraus, Adam L.; Mann, Andrew W.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Nelson, Tyler; Hawkins, Keith; Wood, Mackenna L.; Zhou, George; Quinn, Samuel N.; Howell, Steve B.; Collins, Karen A.; Schwarz, Richard P.; Stassun, Keivan G. (2021-04-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). V. A Sub-Neptune Transiting a Young Star in a Newly Discovered 250 Myr Association". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (4): 171. arXiv: 2102.06066 . Bibcode:2021AJ....161..171T. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/abdf53 . hdl: 1721.1/134444.2 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  10. ↑ Mann, Andrew W.; Wood, Mackenna L.; Schmidt, Stephen P.; Barber, Madyson G.; Owen, James E.; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Mamajek, Eric E.; Bush, Jonathan L.; Mace, Gregory N.; Kraus, Adam L.; Thao, Pa Chia; Vanderburg, Andrew; Llama, Joe; Johns-Krull, Christopher M. (2022-04-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VI. An 11 Myr Giant Planet Transiting a Very-low-mass Star in Lower Centaurus Crux". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (4): 156. arXiv: 2110.09531 . Bibcode:2022AJ....163..156M. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac511d . ISSN   0004-6256.
  11. ↑ Newton, Elisabeth R.; Rampalli, Rayna; Kraus, Adam L.; Mann, Andrew W.; Curtis, Jason L.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Krolikowski, Daniel M.; Huber, Daniel; Petter, Grayson C.; Bieryla, Allyson; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Thao, Pa Chia; Wood, Mackenna L.; Kerr, Ronan; Safanov, Boris S. (2023-03-01). "Erratum: "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VII. Membership, Rotation, and Lithium in the Young Cluster Group-X and a New Young Exoplanet" (2022, AJ, 164, 119)". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (3): 136. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..136N. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/acb589 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  12. ↑ Barber, Madyson G.; Mann, Andrew W.; Bush, Jonathan L.; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Kraus, Adam L.; Krolikowski, Daniel M.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Fields, Matthew J.; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Owens, Dylan A.; Thao, Pa Chia (2022-09-01). "Transit Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VIII. A Pleiades-age Association Harboring Two Transiting Planetary Systems from Kepler". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (3): 88. arXiv: 2206.08383 . Bibcode:2022AJ....164...88B. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac7b28 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  13. 1 2 Wood, Mackenna L.; Mann, Andrew W.; Barber, Madyson G.; Bush, Jonathan L.; Kraus, Adam L.; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Feiden, Gregory A.; Zhou, George; Bouma, Luke G.; Quinn, Samuel N.; Armstrong, David J.; Osborn, Ares; Adibekyan, Vardan (2023-03-01). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). IX. A 27 Myr Extended Population of Lower Centaurus Crux with a Transiting Two-planet System". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (3): 85. arXiv: 2212.03266 . Bibcode:2023AJ....165...85W. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/aca8fc . ISSN   0004-6256.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.