DS Tucanae

Last updated
DS Tucanae
DS Tuc A(right)B(left) H+OPEN.png
DS Tucanae imaged with the NTT. DS Tucanae A is on the right and DS Tucanae B is on the left.
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0        Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Tucana
DS Tucanae A
Right ascension 23h 39m 39.48081s [1]
Declination −69° 11 44.7077 [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)8.47 [2]
DS Tucanae B
Right ascension 23h 39m 39.26965s [3]
Declination −69° 11 39.4936 [3]
Apparent magnitude  (V)9.84 [4]
Characteristics
Spectral type G6V+K3V [4]
Variable type RS CVn [5]
Astrometry
A
Radial velocity (Rv)7.20 [6] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 79.529 [1] mas/yr
Dec.: −67.551 [1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)22.6367±0.0150  mas [1]
Distance 144.08 ± 0.10  ly
(44.18 ± 0.03  pc)
B
Radial velocity (Rv)5.32 [7] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 78.133 [3] mas/yr
Dec.: −65.845 [3] mas/yr
Parallax (π)22.6524±0.0125  mas [3]
Distance 143.98 ± 0.08  ly
(44.15 ± 0.02  pc)
Details
DS Tucanae A
Mass 1.01±0.06 [8]   M
Radius 0.964±0.029 [8]   R
Luminosity 0.725±0.013 [8]   L
Temperature 5,428±80 [8]   K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)27.75+1.73
1.54
[9]  km/s
Age 45±4 [8]   Myr
DS Tucanae B
Mass 0.84±0.06 [8]   M
Radius 0.864±0.036 [8]   R
Luminosity0.327±0.010 [8]   L
Temperature 4,700±90 [8]   K
Age 45±4 [8]   Myr
Other designations
DS  Tuc, HD  222259, CCDM  J23397-6912AB, CD−69°2106, HIP  116748, WDS  J23397-6912AB, TIC 410214986, TOI  200
Database references
SIMBAD A
B
Ab

DS Tucanae (HD 222259) is a binary star system 144 light years away in the constellation of Tucana. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 8.5, [8] and is a RS Canum Venaticorum variable. [5] The system is notable for being young as a member of the 45 Myr old Tucana-Horologium moving group [10] and for the primary star hosting the confirmed exoplanet DS Tucanae Ab, discovered by THYME, using TESS. [11] [8] [12] [13]

Contents

Stellar system

A light curve for DS Tucanae, plotted from TESS data DSTucLightCurve.png
A light curve for DS Tucanae, plotted from TESS data

DS Tucanae is a visual binary. [4] The binary consists of a G6V primary and a K3V secondary separated by 5 . [15] Based on radial velocity measurements it was suggested that the secondary itself is a binary, but later studies could not find evidence for this claim. [8]

Together with the red dwarf 2MASS J23321028–6926537, DS Tucanae might be a triple stellar system. This star shares a similar distance and similar proper motions. It is separated 113,000  astronomical units from DS Tuc. [16]

Physical properties

In 1996, analysis of the Hipparcos data showed that the star is a variable star. It was given its variable star designation in 1999. [17]

High levels of magnetic activity, a strong 6708Å lithium line, and the position on the color-magnitude diagram, slightly above the main sequence, strongly support a young age of the system. [12] The primary star is emitting a frequent and powerful (up to 5-8×1034 ergs) X-ray flares. [18]

Both components of the binary are main sequence stars. The primary has a mass very similar to the Sun, but slightly cooler and smaller, meaning it is only 72% as luminous as the Sun. The secondary is only 84% as massive as the Sun and only 33% as luminous.

Planetary system

The DS Tuc A planetary system [8] [12]
Companion
(in order from star)
Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)
Orbital period
(days)
Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b<14.4 [9]   M🜨 0.18+0.13
−0.12
8.13826888.73+0.18
0.17
[9] °
5.70±0.17  R🜨

DS Tuc Ab is one of the few transiting planets with an age smaller than 100 Myrs. Other examples are K2-33b, V1298 Tauri b and AU Microscopii b. Of these systems DS Tuc is the brightest and it is a good target for atmospheric characterization with JWST. The planet is a super-Neptune or sub-Saturn. [8] The planet might be an inflated planet with an upper mass limit of 20 M🜨. [12] DS Tuc Ab will be observed by ESA's CHEOPS mission to characterize the planet. [19]

The planet DS Tucanae Ab has a low orbital obliquity (λ = 2.93° +0.88°
−0.87°
or λ = 12°±13°). This means that the orbital plane of this planet aligns with the stellar equator of the star. This is unusual for a short period planet. Many short period planets show high orbital obliquity, which was taken as a sign of the scattering of the planet into this short period orbit. It can also be interpreted as the formation of a planet in an inner disk with an axial tilt. But these previous measurements of orbital obliquity were made for giant planets around mature stars. DS Tucanae Ab is a relatively small young planet. This suggests that DS Tucanae Ab formed in a smooth disk that was not perturbed by the stellar companion DS Tucanae B. [20] [21] DS Tucanae Ab might therefore be a good target to study in-situ planet-formation of short-period planets.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (March 2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27 –L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H. ISSN   0004-6361.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. 1 2 3 Torres, G. (August 1988). "Visual Measurements of Southern Double Stars - Part Three". Astrophysics and Space Science. 147 (2): 257–266. Bibcode:1988Ap&SS.147..257T. doi:10.1007/BF00645670. ISSN   0004-640X. S2CID   116982206.
  5. 1 2 Samus', N. N.; Goranskii, V. P.; Durlevich, O. V.; Zharova, A. V.; Kazarovets, E. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N.; Williams, D. B.; Hazen, M. L. (July 2003). "An Electronic Version of the Second Volume of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars with Improved Coordinates". Astronomy Letters. 29 (7): 468–479. Bibcode:2003AstL...29..468S. doi:10.1134/1.1589864. ISSN   1063-7737. S2CID   16299532.
  6. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  7. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Newton, Elisabeth R.; et al. (July 2019). "TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME): A Planet in the 45 Myr Tucana-Horologium Association". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 880 (1): L17. arXiv: 1906.10703 . Bibcode:2019ApJ...880L..17N. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab2988 . hdl: 1721.1/124722 . ISSN   0004-637X. S2CID   195658207.
  9. 1 2 3 Benatti, S.; Damasso, M.; Borsa, F.; Locci, D.; Pillitteri, I.; Desidera, S.; Maggio, A.; Micela, G.; Wolk, S.; Claudi, R.; Malavolta, L.; Modirrousta-Galian, D. (2021), "Constraints on the mass and on the atmospheric composition and evolution of the low-density young planet DS Tucanae a B", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 650: A66, arXiv: 2103.12922 , Bibcode:2021A&A...650A..66B, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140416, S2CID   234864890
  10. Zuckerman, B.; Webb, R. A. (2000-06-01). "Identification of a Nearby Stellar Association in theHipparcos Catalog: Implications for Recent, Local Star Formation". The Astrophysical Journal. 535 (2): 959. arXiv: astro-ph/0002461 . Bibcode:2000ApJ...535..959Z. doi:10.1086/308897. ISSN   0004-637X. S2CID   2485534.
  11. Albright, Charlotte (14 August 2019). "Dartmouth Astronomer on Leading Discovery of a New Planet | Dartmouth News". news.dartmouth.edu. Retrieved 2022-01-30.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Benatti, S.; Nardiello, D.; Malavolta, L.; Desidera, S.; Borsato, L.; Nascimbeni, V.; Damasso, M.; D'Orazi, V.; Mesa, D.; Messina, S.; Esposito, M.; Bignamini, A.; Claudi, R.; Covino, E.; Lovis, C.; Sabotta, S. (October 2019). "A possibly inflated planet around the bright young star DS Tucanae A". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 630: A81. arXiv: 1904.01591 . Bibcode:2019A&A...630A..81B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935598. ISSN   0004-6361. S2CID   102486551.
  13. "DS Tuc A b". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2019-12-18.
  14. "MAST: Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  15. Torres, C. a. O.; Quast, G. R.; Silva, L. da; Reza, R. de la; Melo, C. H. F.; Sterzik, M. (2006-12-01). "Search for associations containing young stars (SACY) - I. Sample and searching method". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 460 (3): 695–708. arXiv: astro-ph/0609258 . Bibcode:2006A&A...460..695T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065602. ISSN   0004-6361. S2CID   16080025.
  16. González-Payo, J.; Caballero, J. A.; Gorgas, J.; Cortés-Contreras, M.; Gálvez-Ortiz, M.-C.; Cifuentes, C. (2024-07-29). "Multiplicity of stars with planets in the solar neighbourhood". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 689: A302. arXiv: 2407.20138 . Bibcode:2024A&A...689A.302G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450048.
  17. Kazarovets, E. V.; Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; Frolov, M. S.; Antipin, S. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N. (January 1999). "The 74th Special Name-list of Variable Stars" (PDF). Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 4659: 1–27. Bibcode:1999IBVS.4659....1K . Retrieved 27 August 2025.
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  19. "AO-1 Programmes - CHEOPS Guest Observers Programme - Cosmos". www.cosmos.esa.int. Retrieved 2019-12-18.
  20. Montet, Benjamin T.; Feinstein, Adina D.; Luger, Rodrigo; Bedell, Megan E.; Gully-Santiago, Michael A.; Teske, Johanna K.; Xuesong Wang, Sharon; Butler, R. Paul; Flowers, Erin; Shectman, Stephen A.; Crane, Jeffrey D. (2020). "The Young Planet DS Tuc Ab has a Low Obliquity". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (3): 112. arXiv: 1912.03794 . Bibcode:2020AJ....159..112M. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab6d6d . S2CID   208920990.
  21. Zhou, G.; Winn, J. N.; Newton, E. R.; Quinn, S. N.; Rodriguez, J. E.; Mann, A. W.; Rizzuto, A. C.; Vanderburg, A. M.; Huang, C. X.; Latham, D. W.; Teske, J. K. (2020). "A well aligned orbit for the 45 Myr old transiting Neptune DS Tuc Ab". The Astrophysical Journal. 892 (2): L21. arXiv: 1912.04095 . Bibcode:2020ApJ...892L..21Z. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab7d3c . S2CID   208910672.