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Tameka Hobbs | |
|---|---|
| Born | Tameka Bradley Hobbs Live Oak, Florida |
| Education | Florida State University Phd. |
| Spouse | William Ashanti Hobbs III |
| Children | 2 sons |
| Website | |
| tamekabradleyhobbs | |
Tameka Bradley Hobbs is a historian, author, and professor. She is also a lecturer and an civil rights activist. She is a professor of history at Florida Memorial University. [1] Hobbs is also considered to be a nationally recognized expert on African American issues. She documented oral histories of African Americans in Florida. [2]
Florida Memorial University is a private historically Black university in Miami Gardens, Florida. It is a member of the United Negro College Fund and historically related to Baptists although it claims a focus on broader Christianity.
Hobbs did her undergraduate studies at Florida A&M. She graduated from Florida State University with a doctoral degree in United States History, and Historical Administration and Public History. [3]
Florida State University is a public space-grant and sea-grant research university in Tallahassee, Florida. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida. Founded in 1851, it is located on the oldest continuous site of higher education in the state of Florida.
Hobbs taught history and coordinated the African American studies progam at Valdosta State University. [4] She has also taught at Nova Southeastern University. [5] She also served as project director for the John G. Riley House Museum. She is now a professor at Florida Memorial University and an author. [5]
Valdosta State University, also referred to as VSU, or Valdosta State, is an American public university and is one of the four comprehensive universities in the University System of Georgia. Valdosta State is located on a 168-acre (0.68 km2) campus at the heart of the city of Valdosta. VSU serves over 11,000 undergraduate and graduate students representing 157 Georgia counties, all 50 states, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa and Washington, D.C. and hosts over 300 international students from 76 countries. VSU also offers classes at Moody Air Force Base north of Valdosta in Lowndes County.
Nova Southeastern University is a private university with its main campus in Davie, Florida. The university consists of 18 colleges and schools offering over 150 programs of study. The university offers professional degrees in the social sciences, law, business, osteopathic medicine, allopathic medicine, allied health, pharmacy, dentistry, optometry, physical therapy, education, occupational therapy, and nursing. Nova Southeastern enrolled 20,793 students as of 2019, and has produced 185,000 alumni.
Hobbs has given public lectures on racism. [6] She also discussed her research on black lynchings to the Black Lives Matter movement and its focus on the treatment of blacks by police. [7]
Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism towards black people. BLM regularly holds protests speaking out against police killings of black people, and broader issues such as racial profiling, police brutality, and racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.
Hobbs has been quoted as a nationally recognized expert on African American issues by CBS News and in the New York Times Magazine. She has been consulted and or quoted by news outlets to give comment on African American issues. [8] [9] She is also often consulted in the South Florida Times (African American Newspaper). [10]
CBS News is the news division of American television and radio service CBS. CBS News television broadcasts include the CBS Evening News, CBS This Morning, news magazine programs CBS Sunday Morning, 60 Minutes, and 48 Hours, and Sunday morning political affairs program Face the Nation. CBS News Radio produces hourly newscasts for hundreds of radio stations, and also oversees CBS News podcasts like The Takeout Podcast. CBS News also operates the 24-hour digital news network CBSN.
Hobbs was President of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History's South Florida Chapter. In 2017 Hobbs campaigned to remove the names of confederates from street signs in Hollywood Florida. [11] The city of Hollywood Florida eventually voted to rename the streets as a result of the protests. [12]
The Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH) is an organization dedicated to the study and appreciation of African-American History. It is a non-profit organization founded in Chicago, Illinois, on September 9, 1915, and incorporated in Washington, D.C. on October 2, 1915, as the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (ASNLH) by Carter G. Woodson, William D. Hartgrove, George Cleveland Hall, Alexander L. Jackson, and James E. Stamps. The association is based in Washington, D.C. ASNLH was renamed the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History in 1973.
She has protested alongside members of the Black Lives Matter movement and she has characterized the movement as empowering for black people and threatening to white people. [13]
Hobbs studied all of the lynchings from 1882-1951 in the U.S. She found that more than two-thirds of the lynchings took place in the South, and the majority (73%) of the victims were black. She also learned through her research that of the 4,732 lynchings, Florida had the most. [4] She asserted that Florida's population was low from 1882-1930, and yet it had the highest amount of black lynchings. The next state with second most lynchings was Mississippi. [14] She discovered that blacks had the best chance of being lynched if they lived in Florida. [15]
Her 2015 book about lynchings in Florida during the World War II era, Democracy Abroad, Lynching at Home: Racial Violence in Florida , was reviewed in the Journal of Southern History . [16] It was also reviewed in the Journal of American History . [17] The book recounts the stories of four African American men Arthur C. Williams, Cellos Harrison, Willie James Howard, and Jesse James Payne, who were lynched in the Florida Panhandle between 1941-1945. [18]
Her book To Collect, Protect, and Serve: Behind the Scenes at the Library of Virginia is part of the Library of Virginia's educational program for elementary school students. [19]
Hobbs was born in Live Oak, Florida, she lives in Pembroke Pines Florida with her husband William Ashanti Hobbs III, also an author, and their two sons.
Mass racial violence in the United States, also called race riots, can include such disparate events as:
Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Florida, on its northwestern border with Alabama. As of the 2010 census, the population was 49,746. Its county seat is Marianna.
Lynching is a premeditated extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged transgressor, or to intimidate a group. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in every society.
Quincy is a city in Gadsden County, Florida, United States. The population was 7,972 at the 2010 census, up from 6,982 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Gadsden County. Quincy is part of the Tallahassee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Marianna is a city in Jackson County, Florida, United States. The population was 6,102 at the 2010 census. In 2017 the estimated population was 7,293. It is the county seat of Jackson County and is home to Chipola College. The official nickname of Marianna is "The City of Southern Charm".
Ida Bell Wells-Barnett was an African-American investigative journalist, educator, and an early leader in the civil rights movement. She was one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). She arguably became the most famous black woman in America, during a life that was centered on combating prejudice and violence, who fought for equality for African Americans, especially women.
In United States history, the Redeemers were a political coalition in the Southern United States during the Reconstruction Era that followed the Civil War. Redeemers were the Southern wing of the Bourbon Democrats, the conservative, pro-business faction in the Democratic Party. They sought to regain their political power and enforce white supremacy. Their policy of Redemption was intended to oust the Radical Republicans, a coalition of freedmen, "carpetbaggers", and "scalawags". They generally were led by the rich former planters, businessmen, and professionals, and they dominated Southern politics in most areas from the 1870s to 1910.
This is a timeline of the African-American history in what is now the United States, from 1565 to the present.
Lynching is the practice of murder by a group of people by extrajudicial action. Lynchings in the United States rose in number after the American Civil War in the late 19th century, following the emancipation of slaves; they declined in the 1920s. Most lynchings were of African-American men in the Southern United States, but women were also lynched. White lynchings of blacks also occurred in the Midwestern United States and the Border States, especially during the 20th-century Great Migration of blacks out of the Southern United States. The purpose was to enforce white supremacy and intimidate blacks through racial terrorism. According to Ida B. Wells and the Tuskegee University, most lynching victims were accused of murder or attempted murder. Rape or attempted rape was the second most common accusation; such accusations were often pretexts for lynching blacks who violated Jim Crow etiquette or engaged in economic competition with whites. Sociologist Arthur F. Raper investigated one hundred lynchings during the 1930s and estimated that approximately one-third of the victims were falsely accused. On a per capita basis, lynchings were also common in California and the Old West, especially of Latinos, although they represented less than 10% of the national total. Native Americans and Asian Americans were also lynched. Other ethnicities, including Finnish-Americans, German-Americans and Italian-Americans were also lynched occasionally.
James Cameron was an American civil rights activist. In the 1940s, he founded three chapters of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in Indiana. He also served as Indiana's State Director of the Office of Civil Liberties from 1942 to 1950.
The history of Tallahassee, like the history of Leon County, begins with the Native American population and its interaction with British and Spanish colonists as well as colonial Americans and fugitive slaves, as the Florida Territory moved toward statehood. Growing numbers of cotton plantations increased the settlement's population greatly. It became a city and capital in 1821.
Racial passing occurs when a person classified as a member of one racial group is accepted as a member of a racial group other than their own. Historically, the term has been used primarily in the United States to describe a person of color or multiracial ancestry who has assimilated into the white majority during times when legal and social conventions of hypodescent classified the person as a minority, subject to racial segregation and discrimination, regardless of their actual ancestry.
Andrew Warren Sledd was an American theologian, university professor and university president. A native of Virginia, he was the son of a prominent Methodist minister, and was himself ordained as a minister after earning his bachelor's and master's degrees. He later earned a second master's degree and his doctorate.
The Phoenix election riot occurred on November 8, 1898, near Greenwood County, South Carolina, when a group of local Democrats attempted to stop a Republican election official from taking the affidavits of African Americans who had been denied the right to vote. The race-based riot was the outcome of increasing tensions between not only the Republican and Democratic parties, but also White Americans and the area's African American population.
The Ocoee massacre was a white mob attack on African-American residents in northern Ocoee, Florida, which occurred on November 2, 1920, the day of the U.S. presidential election. The town is in Orange County near Orlando. As many as 60 or 70 African Americans may have been killed during the riot, and most African-American-owned buildings and residences in northern Ocoee were burned to the ground. Other African Americans living in southern Ocoee were later killed or driven out on threat of more violence. Ocoee essentially became an all-white town. The riot has been described as the "single bloodiest day in modern American political history".
White Southerners, or simply Southerners, and historically Southrons, are a creole ethnic group native to the Southern United States descended from the predominantly Northwestern European settlers who arrived during the colonial era, a minority of African-Americans and American Indians, as well as varying waves of white immigration from various parts of Europe, Latin America, the former Ottoman Empireand the Caribbean. This admixture resulted in creolization which led to a distinct identity and culture being formed. Immigration to the Southern states between 1830 and 1860 was relatively low. Most White Southerners are of British Protestant descent although significant non-British groups of White Southerners existed such as Irish, Germans, French, Hispanic, Italian (especially in New Orleans, Louisiana, Greek and Jewish. These various groups experienced varying degrees of intermarriage, cultural assimilation, and linguistic assimilation into the predominant Anglo-Protestant Southern culture, with some maintaing parts of their original culture and language or none at all.
Florida A&M Hospital (1911-1971) was the first institution in Florida providing medical care to African Americans, who, during the segregation period, were not permitted to receive care at whites-only hospitals. There was no other such institution within 150 miles (240 km) of Tallahassee. In 1940, "less than a dozen" counties in Florida had hospital facilities for Negroes.
Willie James Howard was a 15-year-old African-American living in Live Oak, Suwannee County, Florida. He was lynched for having given Christmas cards to all his co-workers at the Van Priest Dime Store, including Cynthia Goff, a white girl, followed by a letter to her on New Year's Day:
Dear Friend,
Just a few line[s] to let you hear from me [.] I am well an[d] hope you are the same. This is what I said on that [C]hristmas card. From W. J. H. With L. [love] I hope you will understand what I mean. That is what I said[.] [N]ow please don’t get angry with me because you can never tell what may get in some body[.] I did not put it in there my self. God did[.] I can't help what he does[,] can I[?] I know you don’t think much of our kind of people but we don’t hate you all[.] [W]e want to be your all friends but you want let us [.] [P]lease don't let any body see this[.] I hope I haven't made you [mad.] [I]f I did tell me about it an[d] I will [forget] about it. I wish this was [a] northern state[.] I guess you call me fresh. Write an[d] tell me what you think of me[,] good or bad. Sincerely yours, with, [sic]
From Y.K.W.Fo[r] Cynthia Goff
I love your name. I love your voice, for a S.H. [sweetheart] you are my choice.
Cellos Harrison was an African American man in Marianna, Florida who was lynched on June 16, 1943 after being rearrested when his murder conviction was overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court because his confession was obtained under duress. He was twice convicted by an all-white jury of murdering a white man who was working as a gas station attendant and store clerk. State and federal investigations were launched into the lynching but no one was ever indicted or convicted. A decade earlier Claude Neal was lynched in Marianna. The area was also wrought by a wave of violence against African Americans and Republicans during the Reconstruction Era after the American Civil War in what is known as the Jackson County War.
Democracy Abroad, Lynching At Home: Racial Violence In Florida is a 2015 history book by Tameka Hobbs. In it, Hobbs discusses the national and international implications of mid 20th century Florida lynchings, concentrating on the lynchings of Arthur C. Williams, Cellos Harrison, Willie James Howard, and Jesse James Payne.
Hobbs also provides valuable insights into the devastating impact of lynching on African American families and communities over the past seventy-five years.
But Tameka Bradley Hobbs makes a convincing argument that these lynchings reveal important insights into the evolution of white supremacy in twentieth-century America.