Technology Transfer Center of Zhejiang University

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The Technology Transfer Center of Zhejiang University (Simplified Chinese: 浙江大学技术转移中心), currently is the largest university technology transfer center in the People's Republic of China. [1] It's the main technology transfer department of the Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.

Technology transfer, also called transfer of technology (TOT), is the process of transferring (disseminating) technology from the places and ingroups of its origination to wider distribution among more people and places. It occurs along various axes: among universities, from universities to businesses, from large businesses to smaller ones, from governments to businesses, across borders, both formally and informally, and both openly and surreptitiously. Often it occurs by concerted effort to share skills, knowledge, technologies, methods of manufacturing, samples of manufacturing, and facilities among governments or universities and other institutions to ensure that scientific and technological developments are accessible to a wider range of users who can then further develop and exploit the technology into new products, processes, applications, materials, or services. It is closely related to knowledge transfer. Horizontal transfer is the movement of technologies from one area to another. At present transfer of technology (TOT) is primarily horizontal. Vertical transfer occurs when technologies are moved from applied research centers to research and development departments.

Zhejiang University University in Hangzhou, China

Zhejiang University, sometimes referred to as Zhèdà (浙大), is an elite C9 League university in Zhejiang province. It is also a Chinese Ministry of Education Class A Double First Class University. Founded in 1897, Zhejiang University is one of China's oldest, most selective and most prestigious institutions of higher education. It is also a member of the Yangtze Delta Universities Alliance and the Association of Pacific Rim Universities.

Hangzhou Prefecture-level & Sub-provincial city in Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China

Hangzhou formerly romanized as Hangchow, is the capital and most populous city of Zhejiang Province in East China. It sits at the head of Hangzhou Bay, which separates Shanghai and Ningbo. Hangzhou grew to prominence as the southern terminus of the Grand Canal and has been one of the most renowned and prosperous cities in China for much of the last millennium. The city's West Lake, a UNESCO World Heritage site immediately west of the city, is among its best-known attractions. A study conducted by PwC and China Development Research Foundation saw Hangzhou ranked first among "Chinese Cities of Opportunity". Hangzhou is also considered a World City with a "Beta+" classification according to GaWC.

Contents

Introduction

The center was founded as the Technology Trading Center of Zhejiang University (浙江大学技术交易中心) in 1996. In 2006, it was reformed and adopted into the current name.

The center maintains close relationships with more than six thousand domestic companies within P.R.China, and has cooperations with more than two hundred foreign companies.

Statistics

According to authorities, during 2006-2008, it has offered more than 5800 technological transfers and services, and created an economic value of 35 billion Chinese Yuan.[ citation needed ]

Renminbi official currency of the Peoples Republic of China

The renminbi is the official currency of the People's Republic of China. The yuan is the basic unit of the renminbi, but is also used to refer to the Chinese currency generally, especially in international contexts where "Chinese yuan" is widely used to refer to the renminbi. The distinction between the terms renminbi and yuan is similar to that between sterling and pound, which respectively refer to the British currency and its primary unit. One yuan is subdivided into 10 jiao, and a jiao in turn is subdivided into 10 fen. The renminbi is issued by the People's Bank of China, the monetary authority of China.

According to the rankings by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China Science & Technology Development Center in 2006, the Zhejiang University Technology Transfer Center was ranked as the first one, before Tianjin University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Tsinghua University. [2]

Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China Education government agency of the China

The Ministry of Education (MOE) of the People's Republic of China is the agency of the State Council of the People's Republic of China that regulates all aspects of the educational system in mainland China, including compulsory basic education, vocational education, and tertiary education. The MOE certifies teachers, standardizes curriculum and textbooks, establishes standards, and monitors the entire education system in an effort to "modernize China through education". It is headquartered in Xidan, Xicheng District, Beijing. The MOE stresses technical education over other subjects.

Tianjin University university in Tianjin, China

Tianjin University is the first modern higher education institution in China, and now a national university under the direct administration of the Ministry of Education of China. It is a Chinese Ministry of Education Class A Double First Class University. It was established in 1895 as Tientsin University/Imperial Tientsin University and later Peiyang University. In 1951, after restructuring, it was renamed Tianjin University, and became one of the largest multidisciplinary engineering universities in China. The university was one of the first 16 universities accredited by the nation in 1959. It is also among the first group of institutions of higher learning in the national "211-Project" to which priority is given in construction. In order to carry out the "21st Century Education Revitalizing Action Plan", in late 2000 the Ministry of Education and Tianjin Municipality signed an agreement which aims to build Tianjin University into a 1st-class university in the world in the 21st century.

Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research University in Wuhan, Hubei, China

The Huazhong University of Science and Technology is a public research university located in Guanshan Subdistrict, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei province, China. As a national key university directly affiliated to the Ministry of Education of China, HUST is a Project 985 and Class A Double First Class University. HUST manages Wuhan National Laboratories for Opto-electronics (WNLO), which is one of the five national laboratories in China. HUST is also one of four Chinese universities eligible to run the national laboratory and the national major science and technology infrastructure. Huazhong University of Science and Technology was one of two Chinese universities awarded with the University Leadership Award by the Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME), and elected as "China's Top Ten Research Institutions" by the academic journal Nature, called "The epitome of the higher education development of People's Republic of China".

According to a recent similar report (2007), the center was ranked also first, based on its largest annual turnover of 674.23 million. And it was followed by Chongqing University, Shandong University and Tsinghua University. [3]

Asset turnover (ATO) or asset turns is a financial ratio that measures the efficiency of a company's use of its assets in generating sales revenue or sales income to the company.

Chongqing University university

Chongqing University is a key national university located in Chongqing, People's Republic of China, and a member of the "Excellence League". Chongqing University is a Chinese Ministry of Education Class A Double First Class University, and also one of the "Project 211 and Project 985” universities with full support in the construction and development from the central government and the Chongqing Municipal Government. Among its various departments, Chongqing University is especially highly ranked in the Built Environment, Engineering, Technology, and Business disciplines.

Shandong University university in China

Shandong University is a public comprehensive university in Shandong, China. It is one of the largest universities in China by student population and is supported directly by the national government.

Currently, there are 76 university technology transfer centers in mainland China.[ citation needed ]

Mainland China geopolitical area under the jurisdiction of the Peoples Republic of China excluding Special Administrative Regions

Mainland China, also known as the Chinese mainland, is the geopolitical as well as geographical area under the direct jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It includes Hainan island and strictly speaking, politically, does not include the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau, even though both are partially on the geographic mainland.

See also

Technology readiness level

Technology readiness levels (TRL) are a method of estimating technology maturity of Critical Technology Elements (CTE) of a program during the acquisition process. They are determined during a Technology Readiness Assessment (TRA) that examines program concepts, technology requirements, and demonstrated technology capabilities. TRL are based on a scale from 1 to 9 with 9 being the most mature technology. The use of TRLs enables consistent, uniform discussions of technical maturity across different types of technology. TRL has been in widespread use at NASA since the 1980s where it was originally invented. In 1999 the US Department of Defense was advised by GAO to use the scale for procurement which it did from the early 2000s. By 2008 the scale was also in use at the European Space Agency (ESA) as it is evidenced by their handbook. The European Commission advised EU-funded research and innovation projects to adopt the scale in 2010 which they did from 2014 in its Horizon 2020 program. In 2013 TRL was further canonized by the ISO 16290:2013 standard. A comprehensive approach and discussion about TRLs has been published by the European Association of Research and Technology Organisations. Extensive criticism of the adoption of TRL scale by the European Union was published in The Innovation Journal, in that "concreteness and sophistication of the TRL scale gradually diminished as its usage spread outside its original context ".

The National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act was signed into law March 7, 1996. The Act amended several existing acts and mandated new directions for federal agencies with the purpose of:

The Association of European Science and Technology Transfer Professionals (ASTP) is a non-profit organisation created in December, 1999, through the initiative of a multinational group of technology transfer professionals. It is based in The Hague, in the Netherlands.

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Wuhan University university in Wuhan, China

Wuhan University is in Wuhan, Hubei. It is one of the most prestigious and selective universities in China, which has been selected as a Chinese Ministry of Education Class A Double First Class University. It was one of the four elite universities in the republican period and also one of the oldest universities in China. In 1948, University of Oxford in the United Kingdom wrote to the Ministry of Education in China, confirming that undergraduate students at Wuhan University with degrees in liberal art and science, who had an average grade above 80 would be awarded "the senior status of Oxford". Wuhan university is located at Luojia Hill, with palatial buildings blending Chinese and Western styles. It is regarded by many as one of the most beautiful campuses in China.

Zhao Jiuzhang, also known as Jeou Jang Jaw, was a Chinese meteorologist, geophysicist and space physicist and engineer. He was a pioneer of Chinese space technology and is considered as a founding father of China's satellite program.

Beijing No. 8 High School is a public beacon secondary school located in Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China. The school was accredited as "Municipal Model High School" by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education. It is a model school for Scientific and Technological Practice, a member of the Association of Youth Technology Education, a National Established School of Sports in Beijing, a Member School of the Chinese Radio Sports Association and a member of the Jinfan Orchestra. As the Olympics approached, the school improved its stadiums and was chosen as the training place for trampoline and swimming athletes, the only school to undertake two missions at the same time. The school's stadiums are now available to the public, including a standard soccer field, a 400-meter runway, an underground running training center, a swimming pool and several standard basketball fields. In recent years, there are about 40 graduates every year admitted to Peking University and Tsinghua University. This number accounts for nearly one-fifth of graduates each year. The overall college admission result ranks in the third place in Xicheng School District.

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Zhejiang Provincial College of Medicine, was a medical college for higher education in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. It was one of main roots for the current School of Medicine, Zhejiang University (浙江大學醫學院/浙江大学医学院).

Jiangnan University

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References

  1. ↑ 2007, 北京技术市场管理办公室《2007年北京高校技术转移统计报告》
  2. ↑ 根据教育部科技发展中心发布的2006年高等院校输出技术成交金额排名，浙江大学位居第一，天津大学、华中科技大学、清华大学列2至4名
  3. ↑ 根据《2007年北京高校技术转移统计报告》，浙江大学以6.7423亿元的成交额，再次排名全国高校第一，重庆大学、山东大学分列第二、第三名。名列北京高校第一位的清华大学，以3.9872亿元的成交额，排名全国第四位。
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