Telegeusinae

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Telegeusinae
Telegeusis Illustration.jpg
Telegeusis sp.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Omethidae
Subfamily: Telegeusinae

Telegeusinae (common name long-lipped beetles) is a small subfamily of beetles in the family Omethidae recognizable by enlarged palpi found in males. Though relatively rare, males are sometimes found in large numbers in black light traps. Females are not known in this group, but it is theorized that females are larviform as found in many closely related taxa. [1] [2]

Contents

Description

The most recognizable features of Telegeusinae are the extremely long labial and maxillary palpi with enlarged terminal segments. All species are small, 3.5 to 8 mm in length. The body of these beetles is flattened dorsally, the elytra are short, the antennae are filiform with 11 segments, and the tarsi are 5 segmented. [3] [4]

Taxonomy

The genus Telegeusis was first described in 1895 by Horn, and later placed within Drilidae by Leng in 1910. In 1920, Telegeusis was made its own family, Telegeusidae. This placement of Telegeusis was controversial at the time with some authors suggesting placement within Lymexylidae due to morphological similarities with Atractocerus, and others placing it into Cantharidae. [5] In 2014, molecular data supported treating the group as a subset of Omethidae [6] , but a 2015 study based on morphological data placed Telegeusidae as the sister group of Phengodidae. [7] The taxonomic placement of this group remains unclear. [3]

Genera

Life history

Little is known about the life history of Telegeusinae. Males have been collected from March to July with most specimens collected in passive flight traps. These collections are concentrated to two hours before sunset, which is theorized to be the time period that females are receptive to mating. [4] Many species have orange and black aposematic coloration, but it is unknown if they are toxic. There is one possible observation of a male associating with a milkweed plant. [9]

Habitat and range

Species are found from the Southwestern United States through Peru. They are found in a variety of ecosystems including prairies, deserts, and tropical rainforest. The highest diversity is found in Mexico. [3] [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phengodidae</span> Family of beetles

The beetle family Phengodidae is known also as glowworm beetles, whose larvae are known as glowworms. The females and larvae have bioluminescent organs. They occur throughout the New World from extreme southern Canada to Chile, numbering over 250 species in total. The recently recognized members of the Phengodidae, the Cydistinae, are found in Western Asia. The family Rhagophthalmidae, an Old World group, used to be included in the Phengodidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elateroidea</span> Superfamily of beetles

The Elateroidea are a large superfamily of beetles. It contains the familiar click beetles, fireflies, and soldier beetles and their relatives. It consists of about 25,000 species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lymexylidae</span> Family of wood-boring beetles

The Lymexylidae, also known as ship-timber beetles, are a family of wood-boring beetles. Lymexylidae belong to the suborder Polyphaga and are the sole member of the superfamily Lymexyloidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Byrrhoidea</span> Superfamily of beetles

Byrrhoidea is a superfamily of beetles belonging to Elateriformia that includes several families which are either aquatic or associated with a semi-aquatic habitat. Other than the superfamily Hydrophiloidea, most of the remaining Polyphagan beetles which are aquatic are in this superfamily.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhagophthalmidae</span> Family of beetles

The Rhagophthalmidae are a family of beetles within the superfamily Elateroidea. Members of this beetle family have bioluminescent organs on the larvae, and sometimes adults, and are closely related to the Phengodidae, though historically they have been often treated as a subfamily of Lampyridae, or as related to that family. Some recent evidence suggested that they were the sister group to the Phengodidae, and somewhat distantly related to Lampyridae, whose sister taxon was Cantharidae, but more reliable genome-based phylogenetics placed as the sister group to the Lampyridae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chalcodryidae</span> Family of beetles

The Chalcodryidae are a family of beetles in the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It contains at least five species in two genera Chalcodrya and Philpottia, which are endemic to New Zealand. They are generally found associated with moss or lichen covered branches, with the larvae having been found to be associated with dead twigs. They are likely noctural, feeding on lichen and other plant material at night. The genera Sirrhas and Onysius, formerly placed in this family, have subsequently been transferred to Promecheilidae.

<i>Dynastes grantii</i> Species of beetle

The western Hercules beetle is a species of rhinoceros beetle that lives in Arizona, New Mexico and Utah in the United States and in parts of northern Mexico. This species is known for its grayish-white elytra, large size, and characteristic horn of the adult males.

<i>Entimus</i> Genus of beetles

Entimus is a genus of broad-nosed weevils belonging to the family true weevil and the Entiminae subfamily.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Omethidae</span> Family of beetles

Omethidae is a family of Elateroidea sometimes known as the false soldier beetles. They are native to South, Southeast and Eastern Asia and the Americas. Their biology is obscure and their larvae are unknown. They appear to inhabit vegetation in or surrounding forests, and are probably active during the day.

Telegeusis is a genus of beetles in the family Omethidae, formerly considered to belong in a separate family "Telegeusidae".

Microphotus is a genus of fireflies in the family Lampyridae. Microphotus are usually found in the southwestern region of the United States of America and adjoining parts of Mexico. There are seven described species in Microphotus in the United States and three more in Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phengodes laticollis</span> Species of Glowworm Beetle

The Phengodes laticollis, is a species of the Glowworm Beetle within the family of Phengodidae. The name Phengodidae is the scientific name for a beetle in which their larvae are glowworms and are thus named for their bioluminescent qualities.

Photuris fairchildi is a species of firefly in the beetle family Lampyridae. It is found in North America.This species is known to use aggressive mimicry in order to lure in and prey upon the males of other species of fireflies. This species inhabits marshes, spruce forests, and other low-lying swampy areas.

Telegeusis nubifer is a species of long-lipped beetle in the family Omethidae. It is found in North America.

<i>Hadromychus</i> Genus of beetles

Hadromychus is a genus of handsome fungus beetles in the family Endomychidae. The genus contains one described species, Hadromychus chandleri.

<i>Akalyptoischion</i> Genus of beetles

Akalyptoischion is a genus of coccinelloid beetle, the only member of the family Akalyptoischiidae. It was formerly included within the family Latridiidae but a molecular phylogenetic analysis found that it did not belong to that family. There are at least 24 described species in Akalyptoischion, which are native to western North America. Members of the genus are flightless, found in oak leaf litter and in the nests of pack rats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Promecheilidae</span> Family of beetles

Promecheilidae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. Perimylopidae is considered a synonym. They are found in southern South America and associated archipelagos like South Georgia and the Falklands, New Zealand and Tasmania. Some species are associated tree ferns and moss-covered dead wood, and other forested habitats, while others are associated with peat bogs, grasslands and coastal habitats. They are probably phytophagus, feeding on lichen, moss, and other plant material.

<i>Caccobius unicornis</i> Species of beetle

Caccobius unicornis, is a species of dung beetle found in many Asian and South East Asian countries such as: India, Sri Lanka, China, Java, Borneo, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Myanmar, North Vietnam, Philippines, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indochina.

Hydrochara rickseckeri, or Ricksecker's water scavenger beetle, is a rare species of beetle in the family Hydrophilidae. It is endemic to California.

<i>Evides pubiventris</i> Species of beetles

Evides pubiventris is a South African wood-boring jewel beetle species in the family of Buprestidae. It has a metallic green coloration that is not reflective in the near-infrared renge of the spectrum. Its host-tree is Lannea discolor.

References

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  2. Lawrence, John. F. (2010-01-31), "4.12. Telegeusidae Leng, 1920", Coleoptera, Beetles, Volume 2, Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim), Berlin, New York: DE GRUYTER, pp. 123–126, doi:10.1515/9783110911213.123, ISBN   978-3-11-019075-5 , retrieved 2021-10-28
  3. 1 2 3 López-Pérez, Sara; Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago (2021). "Two new genera of Telegeusidae (Coleoptera) from Mexico". Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad. 92: 923613. doi: 10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3613 . ISSN   2007-8706. S2CID   236347125.
  4. 1 2 3 Fleenor, Scott B.; Abbott, John C.; Wang, Ellison (2011). "Seasonal Appearance, Diel Flight Activity, and Geographic Distribution of MaleTelegeusis texensisFleenor and Taber (Coleoptera: Telegeusidae)". The Coleopterists Bulletin. 65 (4): 345–349. doi:10.1649/072.065.0404. ISSN   0010-065X. S2CID   84427288.
  5. Barber, H.S. (1952). "Notes on Telegeusis and some relatives (Coleoptera, Lymexylidae)". The Pan-Pacific Entomologist. 28: 163–170.
  6. Kundrata, Robin; Bocakova, Milada; Bocak, Ladislav (2014). "The comprehensive phylogeny of the superfamily Elateroidea (Coleoptera: Elateriformia)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 76: 162–171. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.03.012. PMID   24680915.
  7. Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago; Zurita-García, Martín Leonel (2015-04-17). "A preliminary study on the phylogeny of the family Phengodidae (Insecta: Coleoptera)". Zootaxa. 3947 (4): 527–542. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3947.4.4. ISSN   1175-5334. PMID   25947752.
  8. Michaelsen, W. (1891). "Beschreibung der von Herrn Dr. Fr. Stuhlmann auf Sansibar und dem gegenüberliegenden Festlande gesammelten Terricolen. Anhang I. Übersicht über die Teleudrilinen". Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten. 9: 49.
  9. Fleenor, Scott B.; Taber, Stephen W. (2001). "A New Long-Lipped Beetle from Texas and a Review of the GenusTelegeusisHorn (Coleoptera: Telegeusidae)". The Coleopterists Bulletin. 55 (4): 481–484. doi:10.1649/0010-065x(2001)055[0481:anllbf]2.0.co;2. ISSN   0010-065X. S2CID   86337935.