The Temple of Honor and Virtue (Latin: Aedes Honoris et Virtutis) was a temple in Regio I of ancient Rome dedicated to Virtus and Honos. [1] No remains survive. It is the first entry for Regio I in the regional catalogues and was sited just outside the porta Capena, [2] probably on the northern side of the via Appia. [1] In front of it was the Ara Fortuna Redux . [3]
It was first dedicated solely to Honor on 17 July 234 BC by Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus after his victory over the Liguri. [1] [4] After the battle of Clastidium in 222 BC, Marcus Claudius Marcellus vowed to dedicate a temple to Honor and Virtue, a vow he renewed after the capture of Syracuse. In 208 BC he tried to fulfil the vow by rededicating the existing temple to Honor, but the pontifical college forbade it, since one cella could not be dedicated to both gods as - if a prodigy occurred in it - they would not know which god to sacrifice to in thanks. [5] Marcellus instead restored the temple of Honor and built a new cella opposite it to Virtue, turning the existing temple into a double temple. [1]
This new double temple was dedicated by Marcellus' son in 205 BC. [1] [6] It housed several art treasures looted from Syracuse by Marcellus, [7] though these had largely vanished by the time of Livy. [1] [8] It also housed the aedicula Camenarum, the ancient bronze shrine thought to date back to the time of Numa Pompilius, which was later transferred to the temple of Hercules Musarum. [1] [9] The temple was later restored by Vespasian and decorated by the artists Cornelius Pinus and Attius Priscus. [1] [10] It is last mentioned in the 4th century, in the regional catalogues. [1] If still in use by the 4th-century, it would have been closed during the persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire.
Honos or Honor was the Roman god personifying honor. He was closely associated with Virtus, the goddess of manliness, or bravery, and the two are frequently depicted together. Honos is typically shown wearing a chaplet of bay leaves, while Virtus is identified by her helmet.
The Curia Hostilia was one of the original senate houses or "curiae" of the Roman Republic. It was believed to have begun as a temple where the warring tribes laid down their arms during the reign of Romulus. During the early monarchy, the temple was used by senators acting as a council to the king. Tullus Hostilius was believed to have replaced the original structure after fire destroyed the converted temple. It may have held historic significance as the location of an Etruscan mundus and altar. The Lapis Niger, a series of large black marble slabs, was placed over the altar where a series of monuments was found opposite the Rostra. This curia was enlarged in 80 BC by Lucius Cornelius Sulla during his renovations of the comitium. That building burned down in 52 BC when the supporters of the murdered Publius Clodius Pulcher used it as a pyre to cremate his body.
The Forum Holitorium or Olitorium is an archaeological area of Rome, Italy, on the slopes of the Capitoline Hill. It was located outside the Carmental Gate in the Campus Martius, crowded between the cattle market and buildings located in the Circus Flaminius.
The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, also known as the Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus, was the most important temple in Ancient Rome, located on the Capitoline Hill. It was surrounded by the Area Capitolina, a precinct where numerous shrines, altars, statues and victory trophies were displayed.
The Temple of Castor and Pollux is an ancient temple in the Roman Forum, Rome, Central Italy. It was originally built in gratitude for victory at the Battle of Lake Regillus. Castor and Pollux were the Dioscuri, the "twins" of Gemini, the twin sons of Zeus (Jupiter) and Leda. Their cult came to Rome from Greece via Magna Graecia and the Greek culture of Southern Italy.
The Forum of Caesar, also known by the Latin Forum Iulium or Forum Julium, Forum Caesaris, was a forum built by Julius Caesar near the Forum Romanum in Rome in 46 BC.
The Temple of Antoninus and Faustina is an ancient Roman temple in Rome, which was later converted into a Roman Catholic church, the Chiesa di San Lorenzo in Miranda or simply "San Lorenzo in Miranda". It is located in the Forum Romanum, on the Via Sacra, opposite the Regia.
The Temple of Veiovis in ancient Rome was the temple of the god Veiovis, built sometime in the early 1st century BC.
The Temple of Apollo Sosianus is a Roman temple dedicated to Apollo in the Campus Martius, next to the Theatre of Marcellus and the Porticus Octaviae, in Rome, Italy. Its present name derives from that of its final rebuilder, Gaius Sosius.
The Temple of Concord in the ancient city of Rome refers to a series of shrines or temples dedicated to the Roman goddess Concordia, and erected at the western end of the Roman Forum. The earliest temple is believed to have been vowed by Marcus Furius Camillus in 367 BC, but it may not have been built until 218 BC by L. Manlius. The temple was rebuilt in 121 BC, and again by the future emperor Tiberius between 7 BC and AD 10.
The Temple of Janus at the Forum Holitorium was a Roman temple dedicated to the god Janus, located between the Capitoline Hill and the Tiber River near the Circus Flaminius in the southern Campus Martius. The temple was built during the First Punic War, after the Temple of Janus in the Roman Forum.
The Temple of Jupiter Stator, also known to the ancient Romans as the Temple of Jove Metellina and Metellus's Temple, was a temple dedicated to the Roman god Jupiter Stator. It was located beside the Temple of Juno Regina in the Porticus Octaviae in the southern Campus Martius before its destruction in the AD 64 Great Fire of Rome.
Arx is a Latin word meaning "citadel". In the ancient city of Rome, the arx was located on the northern spur of the Capitoline Hill, and is sometimes specified as the Arx Capitolina.
The Temple of Bellona was a temple dedicated to the goddess of war Bellona in ancient Rome. It was located at the northern end of the Forum Olitorium, the Roman vegetable market, near the Carmental Gate. The Temple of Apollo Sosianus and the Theater of Marcellus were located nearby.
The Temple of Piety was a Roman temple dedicated to the goddess Pietas, a deified personification of piety. It was erected in 181 BC at the northern end of the Forum Olitorium, the Roman vegetable market, and demolished in 44 BC to make room for the building eventually known as the Theater of Marcellus. It seems to have been rebuilt and its services continued well into the imperial period, although this is disputed by some scholars.
The Temple of Hercules Pompeianus was a temple dedicated to Hercules in ancient Rome near the circus Maximus. Vitruvius (III.3.5) refers to it being decorated in the Tuscan manner. It contained a statue of Hercules by Myron. 'Pompeianus' may indicate either that it was an older building built by the Pompeius family or that it was restored by Pompey the Great. It seems to be linked to Republican-era tufa foundations discovered under Santa Maria in Cosmedin.
The Temple of Jupiter Feretrius was, according to legend, the first temple ever built in Rome. Its site is uncertain but is thought to have been on the Capitoline Hill.
The Temple of Mars was a temple built on the campus Martius in Rome in the 2nd century BC, near the Circus Flaminius, dedicated to Mars.
The Temple of Jupiter Invictus, sometimes known as the Temple of Jupiter Victor, was a temple on the Palatine Hill of ancient Rome.
The Temple of Mars in Clivo was a temple on the western side of the Via Appia in Rome, between the first and second milestones, built in the early 4th century BCE, and dedicated to Mars. It was the oldest standing temple dedicated to Mars within the city.