Textile Fiber Products Identification Act

Last updated June 11, 2023

Textile Fiber Products Identification Act^[1] is a consumer protection act in the United States. The act protects the interest of producers and consumers by imposing regulations of labelling (the mandatory content disclosure) and advertising of textile products. The act specifies labeling requirements and numerous guidelines for the advertising of textile products that should qualify the compliance in accordance with the directions in the act. The Federal Trade Commission considers any form of misbranding to be illegal. Moreover, it also requires that the commission provide a generic name for each man-made fibre, in particular for those not yet named. "Natural" and "manufactured" fibers were among two major groups classified by the act, which also maintains a list of generic names that is updated with each new entrant.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Scope

The Textile Fiber Products Identification Act concerns all textile fiber products other than wool, which is already governed by the Wool Product Label Number. The law prevents misinformation about the fiber content, misbranding, and any unfair advertising practice and compel to function in a certain way.^[2]^[5] The act specifies the requirement of textile products such as guidelines about labelling, tagging, Country of origin, fiber designation etc. The act also covers the manufacturers and marketers of the textile products.^[6]

Sections in the act

Congress 85th passed this legislation on 2 September 1958, but it came into force in 1960.^[3]^[4] The act has a number of sections that set out regulations for different segments.

Section 70 of the act defines various definitions of textile manufacturing and marketing, such as fibre, natural fibres, artificial fibres and many other trade-related ensembles.^[5]
Section 70a of the act is about inadmissibility of misbrading.^[5]
Section 70b of the act stops false advertising practices.^[5]
Section 70c of the act guides about illegality of removal of stamp, tag, label, or other identification.^[5]
Section 70d of the act is emphasis on record keeping.^[5]
Section 70e of the act is all about the enforcements.^[5]
Section 70f of the act refers to the injunction proceedings.^[5]
Section 70g of the act applies exclusion of misbranded textile fiber products.^[5]
Section 70h of the act clarifies about guaranty policy.^[5]
Section 70i of the act lays down criminal penalty.^[5]
Section 70j of the act specify Exemptions.^[5]
Section 70k of the act states application of other laws.^[5]

Terminology

The Textile Fiber Products Identification Act provides a set of terminology that defines "what is to be called what" while communicating in the textile product trade.^[4]

Generic names and definitions

The law has an important role to play in providing 'generic names' and the definitions of artificial fibers. Newly manufactured fibers are updated in their list. The generic name of the fiber is an essential element of the information required by law and a must to be mentioned when labeling products.^[4]^[7]^[8] The name given to a synthetic fibre is based on its chemical composition. Generic names begin with lowercase letters. Examples include olefin, nylon, and acrylic.^[9]

Related Research Articles

Textile is an umbrella term that includes various fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, filaments, threads, different fabric types, etc. At first, the word "textiles" only referred to woven fabrics. However, weaving is not the only manufacturing method, and many other methods were later developed to form textile structures based on their intended use. Knitting and non-woven are other popular types of fabric manufacturing. In the contemporary world, textiles satisfy the material needs for versatile applications, from simple daily clothing to bulletproof jackets, spacesuits, and doctor's gowns.

Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, used in sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, ropemaking, and the production of textiles. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with wax or other lubricants to withstand the stresses involved in sewing. Embroidery threads are yarns specifically designed for needlework. Yarn can be made of a number of natural or synthetic materials, and comes in a variety of colors and thicknesses. Although yarn may be dyed different colours, most yarns are solid coloured with a uniform hue.

This timeline of clothing and textiles technology covers the events of fiber and flexible woven material worn on the body; including making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, and manufacturing systems (technology).

Rayon is a semi-synthetic fiber, made from natural sources of regenerated cellulose, such as wood and related agricultural products. It has the same molecular structure as cellulose. It is also called viscose. Many types and grades of viscose fibers and films exist. Some imitate the feel and texture of natural fibers such as silk, wool, cotton, and linen. The types that resemble silk are often called artificial silk.

Pashmina refers to, depending on the source, a term for cashmere wool of the Changthangi cashmere goat, for fine Indian cashmere wool or a synonym for cashmere wool.

Country of origin (CO) represents the country or countries of manufacture, production, design, or brand origin where an article or product comes from. For multinational brands, CO may include multiple countries within the value-creation process.

Beetling is the pounding of linen or cotton fabric to give a flat, lustrous effect.

Azlon is a synthetic textile fiber composed of protein material derived from natural sources such as soy, peanut, milk or corn. Currently it is used in clothing.

Elasterell is an alternative to the generic term "polyester" for a specific subgroup of inherently elastic, multicomponent textile fibers.

Primarily, nap is the raised (fuzzy) surface on certain kinds of cloth, such as velvet or moleskin. Nap can refer additionally to other surfaces that look like the surface of a napped cloth, such as the surface of a felt or beaver hat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bamboo textile</span> Textile made from various parts of the bamboo plant

Bamboo textile is any cloth, yarn or clothing made from bamboo fibres. While historically used only for structural elements, such as bustles and the ribs of corsets, in recent years different technologies have been developed that allow bamboo fibre to be used for a wide range of textile and fashion applications.

In textile manufacturing, finishing refers to the processes that convert the woven or knitted cloth into a usable material and more specifically to any process performed after dyeing the yarn or fabric to improve the look, performance, or "hand" (feel) of the finish textile or clothing. The precise meaning depends on context.

The country-of-origin effect (COE), also known as the made-in image and the nationality bias, is a psychological effect describing how consumers' attitudes, perceptions and purchasing decisions are influenced by products' country of origin labeling, which may refer to where: a brand is based, a product is designed or manufactured, or other forms of value-creation aligned to a country. Since 1965, it has been extensively studied by researchers.

Parchmentising or parchmentizing is a kind of aesthetic finish for textiles. It is a finishing treatment for cellulose fabric that stiffens the fabric and imparts a degree of translucency.

A gig-mill was type of raising machine that used teasels to produce a nap on cloth. Examples of the results of gigging are woolen fabrics such as chinchilla, beaver cloth, and melton. The process involved gradual teasing of the surface to raise the nap. Spelling in some localities is "Gigg".

In textiles, lustre or luster is a physical property that makes them appear bright, glossy, and shiny. The amount of light reflected from the surface of a fiber is referred to as its luster.The level of luster is determined by how light reflects off the surface. For example, round surfaced fiber reflects more light and appears shinier than fiber with an irregular surface. Synthetic fibers with a more regular surface seem brighter than natural fibers with an irregular surface, with the exception of silk, which has a regular surface.

The cross section depicts the shape of the various textile fibers. Each textile fiber offers a distinct cross sectional appearance when seen under a microscope. The shapes vary from round to oval and flat, different shapes determines certain characteristics of the textiles. Though the majority of synthetic fibers have a circular cross section, but the shape could be altered or engineered during the manufacturing process. The cross-sectional shape is responsible for certain physical properties of textile fibers such as the luster of textiles.

A blend is a mixture of two or more fibers. In yarn spinning, different compositions, lengths, diameters, or colors may be combined to create a blend. Blended textiles are fabrics or yarns produced with a combination of two or more types of different fibers, or yarns to obtain desired traits and aesthetics. Blending is possible at various stages of textile manufacturing. The term, blend, refers to spun fibers or a fabric composed of such fibers. There are several synonymous terms: a combination yarn is made up of two strands of different fibers twisted together to form a ply; a mixture or mixed cloth refers to blended cloths in which different types of yarns are used in warp and weft sides.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aesthetics (textile)</span> Concept of serviceability of textiles

Aesthetics in textiles is one of the basic concepts of serviceability of textiles. It is determined by the perception of touch and sight. Aesthetics imply the appearance and attraction of textile products; it includes the color and texture of the material. It is a statement about the end user (consumer) and the target market. When combined with fabric construction, the finish of the clothing material, garment fit, style, and fashion compatibility, colours create an aesthetic comfort. All of these elements work together to satisfy our visual perception. Aesthetics incorporates the role of evaluation also.

The Wool Products Labeling Act, enacted in 1939, provides provisions for the accurate labeling of products containing wool fibers. The purpose of this act is to promote transparency and safeguard consumers and stakeholders in the wool industry from deceptive practices and false information regarding the composition of wool products in the market.

References

↑ Joseph, Marjory L. (1992). Joseph's introductory textile science. Internet Archive. Fort Worth : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers. p. 395. ISBN 978-0-03-050723-6.
1 2 Kadolph (2009). Textiles. Pearson Education. p. 433. ISBN 978-81-317-2570-2.
1 2 Joseph, Marjory L. (1992). Joseph's introductory textile science. Internet Archive. Fort Worth : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers. pp. 12, 13. ISBN 978-0-03-050723-6.
1 2 3 4 Commission, United States Federal Trade (1960). Rules and Regulations Under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act, Effective March 3, 1960: Text of Act Appended. U.S. FTC. pp. 1–30.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "The Textile Products Identification Act". Federal Trade Commission. 2013-08-07. Retrieved 2021-08-05.
↑ Hinkelman, Edward G.; Manley, Myron; Shippey, Karla C.; Nolan, James L.; Bidwell, Wendy; Woznick, Alexandra (2003). Importers Manual USA: The Single Source Reference Encyclopedia for Importing to the United States. World Trade Press. p. 763. ISBN 978-1-885073-93-8.
↑ Houck, M. M. (2009-01-30). Identification of Textile Fibers. Elsevier. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-84569-565-1.
↑ Code of Federal Regulations: 1949-1984. U.S. General Services Administration, National Archives and Records Service, Office of the Federal Register. 1978. p. 277.
↑ Elsasser, Virginia Hencken (2005). Textiles : concepts and principles. Internet Archive. New York, NY : Fairchild Publications. p. 218. ISBN 978-1-56367-300-9.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Joseph, Marjory L. (1992). Joseph's introductory textile science. Internet Archive. Fort Worth : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers. p. 395. ISBN 978-0-03-050723-6.

[:0-2] 1 2 Kadolph (2009). Textiles. Pearson Education. p. 433. ISBN 978-81-317-2570-2.

[:1-3] 1 2 Joseph, Marjory L. (1992). Joseph's introductory textile science. Internet Archive. Fort Worth : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers. pp. 12, 13. ISBN 978-0-03-050723-6.

[:3-4] 1 2 3 4 Commission, United States Federal Trade (1960). Rules and Regulations Under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act, Effective March 3, 1960: Text of Act Appended. U.S. FTC. pp. 1–30.

[:2-5] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "The Textile Products Identification Act". Federal Trade Commission. 2013-08-07. Retrieved 2021-08-05.

[6] Hinkelman, Edward G.; Manley, Myron; Shippey, Karla C.; Nolan, James L.; Bidwell, Wendy; Woznick, Alexandra (2003). Importers Manual USA: The Single Source Reference Encyclopedia for Importing to the United States. World Trade Press. p. 763. ISBN 978-1-885073-93-8.

[7] Houck, M. M. (2009-01-30). Identification of Textile Fibers. Elsevier. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-84569-565-1.

[8] Code of Federal Regulations: 1949-1984. U.S. General Services Administration, National Archives and Records Service, Office of the Federal Register. 1978. p. 277.

[9] Elsasser, Virginia Hencken (2005). Textiles : concepts and principles. Internet Archive. New York, NY : Fairchild Publications. p. 218. ISBN 978-1-56367-300-9.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]