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Dr Thabonithy Thayalakumaran is an Australian scientist in hydrology. She is a senior research scientist in hydrology at the Victorian Department of Environment and Primary Industries (DEPI). [1]
Thayalakumaran was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka where she completed her high school. She commenced undergraduate studies at the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka however, due to instability in the country she went to India and completed BSc (Hons) in Agriculture from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. In 1989 she returned to Sri Lanka and served as a lecturer in the Department of Soil and Water at the Eastern University.
Due to continued disturbances in the country, Thayalakumaran decided to permanently leave the country and used this opportunity to complete masters in Water Resources Engineering from the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok and then was employed as a research assistant at AIT for 3 years. Thayalakumaran's family migrated to New Zealand in 1999 where she completed a PhD at the Massey University [2] with FRST scholarship from the New Zealand Government while based at HortResearch, New Zealand. [3] Later in 2002, her family migrated to Australia and she worked with CSIRO as a research scientist in Land and Water division in Townsville. In 2006, Thayalakumaran joined the Department of Primary Industries in Victoria, Australia.
Thayalakumaran currently works in the Department of Environment and Primary Industries as a senior research scientist in Hydrology. [4] Her research concentrates on developing approaches to measure whole-of-farm water management in dairy farms to improve farm water performance and associated natural resource impacts. Her research also focuses on developing physically based approaches for estimating root zone soil moisture maps from remotely sensed surface measurements in South West Victoria as well as the characterisation of major sources of uncertainty in hydrological model predictions, particularly runoff and deep percolation from an irrigated catchment in northern Victoria.
She received a DAAD Scholarship (Germany) in 1993 and ; Foundation for Research Science and Technology scholarship (New Zealand) in 1999. [5]
Thayalakumaran is married to Nagalingam Thayalakumaran; they have one child.[ citation needed ]
Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement, distribution and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources and environmental watershed sustainability. A practitioner of hydrology is called a hydrologist. Hydrologists are scientists studying earth or environmental science, civil or environmental engineering and physical geography. Using various analytical methods and scientific techniques, they collect and analyze data to help solve water related problems such as environmental preservation, natural disasters, and water management.
Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the atmosphere. Evaporation accounts for the movement of water to the air from sources such as the soil, canopy interception, and waterbodies. Transpiration accounts for the movement of water within a plant and the subsequent loss of water as vapor through stomata in its leaves. Evapotranspiration is an important part of the water cycle. An element that contributes to evapotranspiration can be called an evapotranspirator.
A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water. The drainage basin includes all the surface water from rain runoff, snowmelt, hail, sleet and nearby streams that run downslope towards the shared outlet, as well as the groundwater underneath the earth's surface. Drainage basins connect into other drainage basins at lower elevations in a hierarchical pattern, with smaller sub-drainage basins, which in turn drain into another common outlet.
Soil salinity and dryland salinity are two problems degrading the environment of Australia. Salinity is a concern in most states, but especially in the south-west of Western Australia.
This is an index of articles relating to soil.
In hydrology, a water balance equation can be used to describe the flow of water in and out of a system. A system can be one of several hydrological domains, such as a column of soil or a drainage basin. Water balance can also refer to the ways in which an organism maintains water in dry or hot conditions. It is often discussed in reference to plants or arthropods, which have a variety of water retention mechanisms, including a lipid waxy coating that has limited permeability.
Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation is a hydrologic process, where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer. This process usually occurs in the vadose zone below plant roots and, is often expressed as a flux to the water table surface. Groundwater recharge also encompasses water moving away from the water table farther into the saturated zone. Recharge occurs both naturally and through anthropogenic processes, where rainwater and or reclaimed water is routed to the subsurface.
The Mount Lyell Remediation and Research and Demonstration Program was a joint rehabilitation programme between the Supervising Scientist Australia and the Department of Environment and Land Management, Tasmania to clean up the King River, Queen River and Macquarie Harbour.
Soil salinity control relates to controlling the problem of soil salinity and reclaiming salinized agricultural land.
SahysMod is a computer program for the prediction of the salinity of soil moisture, groundwater and drainage water, the depth of the watertable, and the drain discharge in irrigated agricultural lands, using different hydrogeologic and aquifer conditions, varying water management options, including the use of ground water for irrigation, and several crop rotation schedules, whereby the spatial variations are accounted for through a network of polygons.
Drainage research is the study of agricultural drainage systems and their effects to arrive at optimal system design.
SaltMod is computer program for the prediction of the salinity of soil moisture, groundwater and drainage water, the depth of the watertable, and the drain discharge (hydrology) in irrigated agricultural lands, using different (geo)hydrologic conditions, varying water management options, including the use of ground water for irrigation, and several cropping rotation schedules. The water management options include irrigation, drainage, and the use of subsurface drainage water from pipe drains, ditches or wells for irrigation.
Agricultural hydrology is the study of water balance components intervening in agricultural water management, especially in irrigation and drainage.
SWAT is a river basin scale model developed to quantify the impact of land management practices in large, complex watersheds. SWAT is a public domain software enabled model actively supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service at the Blackland Research & Extension Center in Temple, Texas, USA. It is a hydrology model with the following components: weather, surface runoff, return flow, percolation, evapotranspiration, transmission losses, pond and reservoir storage, crop growth and irrigation, groundwater flow, reach routing, nutrient and pesticide loading, and water transfer. SWAT can be considered a watershed hydrological transport model. This model is used worldwide and is continuously under development. As of July 2012, more than 1000 peer-reviewed articles have been published that document its various applications.
Shahbaz Khan is an Australian climatologist and hydrologist, who has worked extensively for UNESCO and also advised governments and universities on issues related to the climate and water management.
The environmental impacts of irrigation relate to the changes in quantity and quality of soil and water as a result of irrigation and the effects on natural and social conditions in river basins and downstream of an irrigation scheme. The impacts stem from the altered hydrological conditions caused by the installation and operation of the irrigation scheme.
A leaching model is a hydrological model by which the leaching with irrigation water of dissolved substances, notably salt, in the soil is described depending on the hydrological regime and the soil's properties.
The model may describe the process (1) in time and (2) as a function of amount of water applied.
Leaching is often done to reclaim saline soil or to conserve a favorable salt content of the soil of irrigated land as all irrigation water contains salts.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to hydrology:
Low-impact development (LID) is a term used in Canada and the United States to describe a land planning and engineering design approach to manage stormwater runoff as part of green infrastructure. LID emphasizes conservation and use of on-site natural features to protect water quality. This approach implements engineered small-scale hydrologic controls to replicate the pre-development hydrologic regime of watersheds through infiltrating, filtering, storing, evaporating, and detaining runoff close to its source. Green infrastructure investments are one approach that often yields multiple benefits and builds city resilience.
Petra Döll is a German hydrologist whose work focuses on modeling global water resources. She is a professor of hydrology and researcher at the Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt.
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