Joséphine Bonaparte was the first wife of Emperor Napoleon I and as such Empress of the French from 18 May 1804 until their marriage was annulled on 10 January 1810. As Napoleon's consort, she was also Queen of Italy from 26 May 1805 until the 1810 annulment. She is widely known as Joséphine de Beauharnais.
The Raft of the Medusa – originally titled Scène de Naufrage – is an oil painting of 1818–19 by the French Romantic painter and lithographer Théodore Géricault (1791–1824). Completed when the artist was 27, the work has become an icon of French Romanticism. At 491 by 716 cm, it is an over-life-size painting that depicts a moment from the aftermath of the wreck of the French naval frigate Méduse, which ran aground off the coast of today's Mauritania on 2 July 1816. On 5 July 1816, at least 150 people were set adrift on a hurriedly constructed raft; all but 15 died in the 13 days before their rescue, and those who survived endured starvation and dehydration and practiced cannibalism. The event became an international scandal, in part because its cause was widely attributed to the incompetence of the French captain.
Antoine-Jean Gros was a French painter of historical subjects. He was granted the title of Baron Gros in 1824.
The Battle of the Pyramids, also known as the Battle of Embabeh, was a major engagement fought on 21 July 1798, during the French Invasion of Egypt. The battle took place near the village of Embabeh, across the Nile River from Cairo, but was named by Napoleon after the Great Pyramid of Giza visible nearly nine miles away.
Louis-François, Baron Lejeune was a French general, painter, and lithographer. His memoirs have frequently been republished and his name is engraved on the Arc de Triomphe.
Jean Louis Ébénézer Reynier was a Swiss-French military officer who served in the French Army under the First Republic and the First Empire. He rose in rank to become a general during the French Revolutionary Wars and led a division under Napoleon Bonaparte in the French campaign in Egypt and Syria. During the Napoleonic Wars, he continued to hold important combat commands, eventually leading an army corps during the Peninsular War in 1810–1811 and during the War of the Sixth Coalition in 1812–1813.
Bonaparte Crossing the Alps is a 1848–1850 oil painting by French artist Paul Delaroche. The painting depicts Napoleon Bonaparte leading his army through the Alps on a mule,[I] a journey Napoleon and his army of soldiers made in the spring of 1800 in an attempt to surprise the Austrian army in Italy. Several versions of this painting exist: in the Louvre- Lens and the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool, England. Queen Victoria owned a small version of it.
Richard Caton Woodville Jr. was an English artist and illustrator, who is best known for being one of the most prolific and effective painters of battle scenes in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Bonaparte Visits the Plague Stricken in Jaffa is an oil-on-canvas painting commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte and painted in 1804 by Antoine-Jean Gros, portraying an event during the French invasion of Egypt. The scene shows Napoleon during a striking scene which is supposed to have occurred in Jaffa on 11 March 1799, depicting the French general making a visit to his ill soldiers at the Armenian Saint Nicholas Monastery.
Joseph Louis Hippolyte Bellangé was a French battle painter and printmaker. His art was influenced by the wars of the first Napoleon, and while a youth, he produced several military drawings in lithography. He afterwards pursued his systematic studies under Gros, and with the exception of some portraits, devoted himself exclusively to battle-pieces. In 1824, he received a second class medal for a historical picture, and in 1834 the decoration of the Legion of Honour, of which Order he was made an officer in 1861. He also gained a prize at the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1855.
Bonaparte at the Pont d’Arcole is an oil-on-canvas painting executed in 1796 by the French artist Antoine-Jean Gros. It depicts an episode during the Battle of Arcole in November 1796, with General Napoleon Bonaparte leading his troops to storm the bridge.
Bonaparte Before the Sphinx is an 1886 painting by the French artist Jean-Léon Gérôme. It is also known as Oedipus (Œdipe). It depicts Napoleon Bonaparte during his Egyptian campaign, positioned on horseback in front of the Great Sphinx of Giza, with his army in the background.
Napoléon on the Battlefield of Eylau is an oil painting of 1808 by French Romantic painter Antoine-Jean Gros. Completed during the winter of 1807–1808, the work became an icon of the emerging style of French Romanticism. It depicts a moment from the aftermath of the bloody Battle of Eylau in which Napoléon Bonaparte surveys the battlefield where his Grande Armée secured a costly victory against the Russians. Although Napoleon on the Battlefield of Eylau retains elements of history painting, it is by far Gros's most realistic work depicting Napoleon and breaks from the subtlety of Neoclassicism. The painting is housed at the Louvre in Paris.
Battle of the Pyramids, July 21, 1798 is an early 19th century drawing by French painter François-André Vincent. Done in black ink and graphite on washed paper, the study depicts the Battle of the Pyramids. The work is currently on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
The Battle of Aboukir by Antoine-Jean Gros is an oil-on-canvas painting commissioned by Joachim Murat in 1805, and completed in 1806. The painting is a showcase of Napoleonic propaganda, historical accuracy, and emotional intensity. It was in the National Palace of Naples in 1808, and was bought by the Musée du Luxembourg in 1833. Since 1835 it is part of the art collection of the Palace of Versailles. An original sketch, Murat Defeating the Turkish Army at Aboukir, was completed before the larger painting, and is now on display at the Detroit Institute of Arts. The final work served as Gros’ submission for the Salon of 1806.
Michel Rigo was an artist from Genoa who accompanied the French army under Napoleon Bonaparte in their campaign in Egypt and Syria in 1798. Rigo has been described as "the first Western portraitist to work in Egypt."
The Battle of Nazareth is an oil on canvas painting by French painter Antoine-Jean Gros, from 1801. It represents the French Army, led by General Andoche Junot, in a battle where he defeated the Ottoman army during the Egyptian campaign of Napoleon. It is held at the Musée d'Arts de Nantes.
Battle Of Austerlitz, 2 December 1805 is an oil-on-canvas painting by the French painter, François Gérard in 1810. The painting depicts the moment at the conclusion of the Battle of Austerlitz, in which the French General Jean Rapp presents to Napoleon Bonaparte, the captured Prince Repnin, commander of the Russian Imperial Guard, signifying the victory of Napoleon’s army over the combined forces of Russia and Austria. One of three paintings commissioned by Napoleon following this tremendous victory, Gérard’s stands out as the sole history painting, highlighting the bravery of the French guard and modesty of its leader. It is currently displayed in the Gallery of the Battles, at the Palace of Versailles.
The Equestrian Portrait of Joachim Murat, King of Naples is an oil on canvas painting by the French neoclassical and pre-romantic painter Antoine-Jean Gros, created c. 1808-1812. It is held at the Louvre, in Paris.
Napoleon Accepting the Surrender of Madrid is an 1810 history painting by the French artist Antoine-Jean Gros. It depicts Napoleon, Emperor of France accepting the surrender of Madrid on 4 December 1808 during the Peninsular War. Napoleon is shown with his general staff receiving a delegation from the city.
