The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in New Zealand | |
---|---|
Area | Pacific |
Members | 117,909 (2023) [1] |
Stakes | 30 |
Districts | 2 |
Wards | 177 |
Branches | 51 |
Total Congregations [2] | 228 |
Missions | 3 |
Temples |
|
FamilySearch Centers | 55 [3] |
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) established its first New Zealand branch in 1855. It reported 117,319 members in 228 congregations in New Zealand as of 2022, [1] making it the second largest body of LDS Church members in Oceania behind Australia. [4] The LDS Church has one temple in New Zealand, with a second under construction and a third announced. The 2018 census recorded 54,123 individuals, or 1.2% of respondents, self-identify as belonging to the faith. 313,000 respondents objecting to answer the religion census question in 2018 were not counted in the number or percentages. [5]
Year | Membership |
---|---|
1880 | 198 |
1887 | 2,573 |
1900* | 4,000 |
1930 | 7,075 |
1940 | 9,579 |
1950 | 12,155 |
1960 | 15,977 |
1970 | 28,694 |
1979 | 39,556 |
1989* | 76,000 |
1999 | 89,952 |
2009 | 99,488 |
2019 | 115,236 |
2022 | 117,319 |
*Membership was published as a rounded number. |
New Zealand was already deeply religious with many Christian sects by the time Mormon missionaries arrived. [7] Formal LDS Church missionary proselytizing began on 20 October 1854 by William Cooke and Thomas Holden, under the direction of mission president Augustus Farnham. All three men left for the island from the United States on the William Denney. However, due to lack of materials and interested individuals, the initial work was slow up until the 1870s when missionaries had more resources. [8] These first proselyting efforts began as part of the Australasian Missionary efforts. In 1855, the first branch of the LDS Church was organised at Karori, with the next organised in Kaiapoi in 1867. [7] The first stakes of New Zealand were created in Auckland on 18 May 1958, and then in Hamilton and Hawkes Bay in 1960. [8] : 93 On 4 August 1897, the Australasian Mission was divided to give New Zealand its own respective mission. [8] The mission was again divided in May 1958 to include a New Zealand South portion. [8] As of May 2017, New Zealand has three missions based in Auckland, Wellington, and Hamilton, respectively. [9] The LDS Church continues to hold a notable and respected presence in New Zealand, the first account being when Colonial Minister of Native affairs praised Mormonism for bringing good citizens to his nation back in 1912. [10]
Despite the country being more than three quarters Māori, primitive missionary efforts focused on teaching the English-speaking Europeans living within New Zealand. [11] : 284 It was not until the 1880s that missionary efforts shifted from exclusively preaching to the Pākehā (Europeans) to branching out to the native Māori population. [11] : 253 The early success that Mormon missionaries had amidst Māori has been thought to be because the Mormon religion was founded in the United States. One theory was that the churches associated with the British were despised by these natives, and the LDS Church was more accepted as a result. Other theories attribute Mormon success in New Zealand to early Christian missionaries who first began to persuade the natives out of their traditional habits that were alarming to Europeans and contrary to Mormon standards of living (cannibalism, nudism, etc.), thereby creating a more Westernized people for the Mormons to influence. [7] [8] Another factor was that both the church and Māori had a focus on genealogy ( whakapapa ). [12]
By 1886, translation of the Word of Wisdom and the Articles of Faith was completed by Ezra F. Richards. [8] : 23 In this same year, attempts to translate the Book of Mormon by various elders and mission presidents began. The most notable translators were Ezra F. Richards and Sondra Sanders, although some records state that William T. Steward and James Jury were other notable translators. [11] : 278 On 26 April 1887, a home in the Waiapu District was dedicated for the translation of the Book of Mormon and in November of that same year, translation of the book was officially completed. [8] : 24 The first editions of the Book of Mormon in the Māori language were published by the Star Publishing Company of Auckland. The entire cost of £371 to print the Book of Mormon was paid for by local New Zealand church members. [11] : 279 In 1917, the second edition was published after extensive edits were made by Matthew Cowley under the direction of James N. Lambert. Shortly after its publication, Cowley was called to start the translation of other sacred texts. With the help of Wiremu Duncan and Stuart Meha, the Doctrine and Covenants and Pearl of Great Price were translated and eventually published in 1919. [8] : 25
Prior to the Māori Language Act (MLA), the church operated only in English. The MLA declared Māori as an official language of New Zealand and greatly encouraged biculturalism in the church. Following the MLA, the church removed language restrictions from its meetings, blessings, and more importantly, funerals, a sacred Māori practice. The first noted church events under the MLA include the dedication of the LDS marae (community centre) and wharenui (large ceremonial house). These buildings were dedicated in 1994 at the Church College, with prayers in Māori. [13]
After seeing a growing need for education in Māori villages, the LDS Church opened elementary schools to teach children in the English Language. [11] : 288 As early as 1877, multiple efforts were made to start private schools that were eventually closed due to lack of interest or government schools opening in similar geographic areas. [8] [11] : 288 A government policy passed in 1922 caused more primary schools to open and required all schools to undergo inspection. Most church schools did not pass this inspection. Despite the mass reduction in church schools, one school, the Māori Agricultural College, was opened in an effort to educate local Mormons in agriculture as well as to combine secular knowledge with the spiritual. The school was dedicated in 1913 by Orson D. Romney. [8] : 35 The school had strong music and sports programs, and the majority of its teachers and supplies came from the United States. [8] : 41 In 1915, the church invested in 136 acres of land to add to the school. On this land they began raising pigs, chickens and other farm animals as an added means of income. [8] : 43 Despite the school's growth, church leaders in Salt Lake City were concerned with its lack of matriculate growth and prestige and considered closing it down. Before this order could be made official, however, the Napier earthquake of 1931 destroyed the building and ended its use. [7] [8]
Years later, under the direction of the church and a local desire to reinstate a church-run school, the Church College of New Zealand was built and later dedicated on 24 April 1958. [8] : 20 The college experienced great success, and on 11 January 1958, 18 American teachers were sent on the Mariposa to meet the needs of the area. This new college church emphasized the need to hire fully qualified teachers. [7] In addition to involvement in formal education, the church also began to operate the seminary program in New Zealand. In 1968, the first seminary class was held in Kaikohe. [11] : 337 In 1970, the seminary programme was officially instituted in the country. [8] Church College closed in 2009 after the church decided to switch its educational work to developing counties. [14]
The church experienced various interactions with local New Zealand leaders. One of the first recorded incidents took place in 1902 when the mission president requested permission for various elders to perform weddings. The request was denied, and he took legal measures to re-appeal. He eventually received permission for two elders. [8] [11] In 1917, a temporary missionary ban was instituted. This ban was formed under the premise that American missionaries were allegedly trying to convince Māori to move to the United States with them. [8] : 53 [11] : 296
In 1921, David O. McKay and Hugh J. Cannon began a Pacific-wide tour of the Church. McKay was the first apostle to visit New Zealand; celebrations were organised to commemorate the event. On 21 April 1921, they were received with various cultural performances, athletic competitions, and feasts of local cuisine. After the celebration concluded, a more spiritual meeting was held. Regarding his remarks, McKay felt strongly that he should deliver his address without translation. [11] : 304 Multiple accounts state that during his address to the native Māori people, McKay was initially going to have a translator. When he went up to speak, however, he decided that a translation would inhibit the power of his message and decided to give the speech in English instead. Despite this language barrier, Māori people recall being able to understand his talk with complete clarity. When the message was eventually translated into Māori, many natives who were in attendance offered up correct translations of the speech from what they understood (regardless of the message being delivered in English). [8] Members attributed their comprehension of the English speech to the gift of tongues. [13] [8] : 55
Stake/District | Organized | Mission |
---|---|---|
Auckland New Zealand Harbour Stake | 4 Nov 1973 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Henderson Stake | 8 Nov 1981 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Manukau Stake | 18 Sep 1977 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Manurewa Stake | 5 May 1968 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Auckland New Zealand Mt Roskill Stake | 18 May 1958 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Otara Stake | 24 Feb 2013 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Panmure Stake | 13 Feb 1994 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Papakura Stake | 25 Aug 1996 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Auckland New Zealand Papatoetoe Stake | 25 Aug 1996 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Penrose Stake | 17 May 2015 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Redoubt Stake | 24 Feb 2013 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Auckland New Zealand Tamaki Stake | 13 Dec 1987 | New Zealand Auckland |
Auckland New Zealand Waterview Stake | 9 Feb 1997 | New Zealand Auckland |
Christchurch New Zealand Stake | 27 Aug 1978 | New Zealand Wellington |
Dunedin New Zealand Stake | 17 Apr 2016 | New Zealand Wellington |
Gisborne New Zealand Stake | 14 Feb 1980 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Hamilton New Zealand Stake | 13 Nov 1960 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Hamilton New Zealand Glenview Stake | 18 Dec 1994 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Hamilton New Zealand Rotokauri Stake | 25 Nov 2012 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Hastings New Zealand Stake | 20 Nov 1960 | New Zealand Wellington |
Hastings New Zealand Flaxmere Stake | 15 Oct 1995 | New Zealand Wellington |
Kaikohe New Zealand Stake | 19 Jan 1969 | New Zealand Auckland |
Nelson New Zealand District | 9 Apr 1893 | New Zealand Wellington |
Palmerston North New Zealand Stake | 18 Mar 1979 | New Zealand Wellington |
Porirua New Zealand Stake | 26 Jan 1997 | New Zealand Wellington |
Rotorua New Zealand Stake | 27 Nov 1977 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Taranaki New Zealand District | 13 Sep 1992 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Tauranga New Zealand Stake | 9 Feb 1997 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Temple View New Zealand Stake | 19 Nov 1967 | New Zealand Hamilton |
Upper Hutt New Zealand Stake | 14 Aug 1977 | New Zealand Wellington |
Wellington New Zealand Stake | 13 May 1965 | New Zealand Wellington |
Whangarei New Zealand Stake | 18 Dec 1994 | New Zealand Auckland |
Mission | Organized |
---|---|
New Zealand Auckland Mission | 1 Jan 1898 |
New Zealand Hamilton Mission | 1 July 2013 |
New Zealand Wellington Mission | 1 July 1976 |
Groundbreaking for the Hamilton New Zealand Temple was held on 21 December 1955. [8] : 31 Following construction, a general public open house was held from 23 March to 13 April 1958, with the dedication by LDS Church president David O. McKay taking place seven days later on 20 April 1958. [8] : 85 Other officials from Salt Lake City in attendance included Delbert L. Stapley, Gordon B. Hinckley, and Marion G. Romney. [8] : 88 [13]
During the church's October 2018 general conference, the intent to construct a temple in Auckland was announced. During the April 2022 general conference, the President announced the intention to construct a third New Zealand temple in Wellington.
edit | ||||||
Location: Announced: Groundbreaking: Dedicated: Rededicated: Size: Style: | Hamilton, New Zealand February 17, 1955 by David O. McKay December 21, 1955 by Ariel Ballif, Wendell B. Mendenhall, and George R. Biesinger April 20, 1958 by David O. McKay 16 October 2022 by Dieter F. Uchtdorf [15] 45,251 sq ft (4,204.0 m2) on a 86-acre (35 ha) site Modern contemporary, single spire - designed by Edward O. Anderson | |||||
| edit | |||||
Location: Announced: Groundbreaking: Open House: Dedicated: | Auckland, New Zealand 7 October 2018 by Russell M. Nelson [16] [17] 13 June 2020 by Ian S. Ardern [18] 27 February–22 March 2025 scheduled for 13 April 2025 on a 2.62-acre (1.06 ha) site | |||||
| edit | |||||
Location: Announced: Size: | Porirua, New Zealand 3 April 2022 by Russell M. Nelson [19] [20] 14,900 sq ft (1,380 m2) on a 3.35-acre (1.36 ha) site |
Missionary Training Centers (MTC) are centers devoted to training missionaries for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The flagship MTC is located in Provo, Utah, adjacent to the campus of Brigham Young University (BYU), a private university owned and operated by the church.
The Hamilton New Zealand Temple is the 13th constructed and 11th operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The intent to build the temple was announced on February 17, 1955, by church president David O. McKay during a meeting of the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. With its completion in 1958, it was the church's first temple in the Southern Hemisphere, the second built both in Polynesia and outside the United States and Canada, after the Laie Hawaii Temple. Located just outside Temple View in Hamilton, it was built with a modern single-spire design similar to the Bern Switzerland Temple. As of May 2024, this is the only temple currently operating in New Zealand, with one in Auckland under construction, and another in Wellington in the planning phase.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has had a presence in Tonga since 1891. The Tongan Mission was organized in 1916. However, due to anti-Mormon sentiment and government policies, the LDS Church did not grow steadily in Tonga until 1924. Between 1946 and 1956, church leaders published Tongan translations of the scriptures and built a church-sponsored school known as the Liahona School. In 1968, Tonga's first LDS stake was organized and the Nuku'alofa Tonga Temple was dedicated in 1983.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was introduced to Ghana, West Africa, in 1962. It was officially organized in 1978, following announcement of the revelation on priesthood. As of 2022, the LDS Church reported 101,924 members in 353 congregations in Ghana, making it the second largest body of LDS Church members in Africa, behind Nigeria. In 2021, Ghana ranked as having the third most LDS Church members per capita in Africa, behind Cape Verde and Sierra Leone.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Florida refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in Florida. The LDS Church represents about 1% of the population of Florida according to the Pew Research Center 2014 Religious Landscepe Survey. Official membership statistics show the church representing about 0.75% of the general population. Florida has the 8th largest membership population in the United States and the largest membership population east of the Mississippi. The LDS Church is the 6th largest denomination in Florida.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has had a presence in Mexico since 1874. Mexico has the largest body of LDS Church members outside of the United States. Membership grew nearly 15% between 2011 and 2021. In the 2010 Mexican census, 314,932 individuals self-identified most closely to the LDS Church.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Utah refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in Utah. Utah has more church members than any other U.S. state or country. The LDS Church is also the largest denomination in Utah.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the United Kingdom refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in the United Kingdom. In 2019, the United Kingdom had the second highest number of LDS Church members per capita among countries in Europe, behind Portugal.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was established in Brazil in 1926 with the opening of the South American Mission. Missionary work was focused on small German immigrant colonies in South Brazil. The LDS Church was forced to expand missionary work to Brazilians and Portuguese speakers when non-Portuguese languages were banned in public meetings in 1938. The Brazil Mission was opened on February 9, 1935, with Rulon S. Howells as mission president. The first Portuguese translation of the Book of Mormon was published in 1939.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Chile refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in Chile. The first small branch was established in 1956. Since then, the LDS Church in Chile has grown to more than 600,000 members in 573 congregations. Chile ranks as having the 3rd most members of the LDS Church in South America and the 6th worldwide. The LDS Church in Chile has more members per capita than the United States and is the second largest denomination in Chile behind the Roman Catholic Church. Chile has more LDS Church members per capita than any country outside of the Pacific Islands.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was established in Argentina in 1925 when Melvin J. Ballard arrived in Buenos Aires and opened the church's South American Mission.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Philippines refers to the organization and its members in the Philippines.
Three missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints started proselyting to white English-speaking people in Cape Town in 1853. Most converts from this time emigrated to the United States. The mission was closed in 1865, but reopened in 1903.The South African government limited the amount of missionaries allowed to enter the country in 1921 and in 1955. Starting around 1930, a man had to trace his genealogy out of Africa to be eligible for the priesthood, since black people were not permitted to be ordained. In 1954 when church president David O. McKay visited South Africa, he removed the requirement for genealogical research for a man to be ordained, stipulating only that "there is no evidence of his having Negro blood in his veins".
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had its first presence in French Polynesia in 1843 when the first missionaries arrived in the country. It was also the location of the first foreign-language mission of the church which was created that same year. It existed until 1852 when it was closed due to restrictions by the French government, and the missionaries left the territory. In 1892, the mission resumed with the return of the missionaries after general religious tolerance was established.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Wales refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in Wales.
Pacific Islanders have a particular place in the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Its first non-English-speaking mission was in the region in 1844, less than twenty years after the church's founding, and there are currently six temples among the Pacific Island regions of Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia. In 2015 the Latter-day Saint population in the area was increasing in percentage and absolute numbers.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Republic of the Congo refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in the Republic of the Congo. The country was opened to the church's missionaries in 1991. Since then, the church has grown to 11,481 members in 32 congregations.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Indonesia refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in Indonesia. The first small branch was established in 1970. Since then, the LDS Church in Indonesia has grown to more than 7,500 members in 24 congregations.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Mongolia refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in Mongolia. The first missionaries arrived in 1992 under request of the Mongolian government in effort to improve higher education in the country following the collapse of the Soviet Union. The first small branch was established in 1993. Since then, the LDS Church in Mongolia has grown to more than 12,000 members in 24 congregations. In 2022, Mongolia had the second most LDS Church members per capita in Asia behind the Philippines. In 2023 it was announced that the first temple will be constructed in Ulaanbaatar.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Cook Islands refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members in Cook Islands. The first regularly held Sunday meetings began in 1943. In 2022, there were 1,862 members in 5 congregations.