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The problem of universals is an ancient question from metaphysics which has inspired a range of philosophical topics and disputes. Should the properties an object has in common with other objects, such as colour and shape, be considered to exist beyond those objects? And if a property exists separately from objects, what is the nature of that existence?
William of Ockham was an English Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher, and theologian, who is believed to have been born in Ockham, a small village in Surrey. He is considered to be one of the major figures of medieval thought and was at the centre of the major intellectual and political controversies of the 14th century. He is commonly known for Occam's razor, the methodological principle that bears his name, and also produced significant works on logic, physics, and theology. In the Church of England, his day of commemoration is 10 April.
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References
- 1 2 Hodges, Wilfrid; Väänänen, Jouko (2019), "Logic and Games : Games of dialogue, communication and proof", in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2019 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2020-02-05
- ↑ "Medieval Theories of Obligationes". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
- ↑ Uckelman, Sara L., 2011, "Interactive Logic in the Middle Ages"; Institute for Logic, Language, and Computation
- ↑ Aristotle. Topica VIII.
- ↑ Lecomte, Alain (2007-01-04), Logics for Dialogue , retrieved 2020-02-05
- ↑ William of Ockham, c.1323, Summa Logicae; 40, p.67