Thomas Kietzmann (* in Greifswald) is a German physician and biochemist. He is a professor for biochemistry at the University of Oulu in Finland. [1]
Thomas Kietzmann (* in Greifswald) is a German physician and biochemist. He is a professor for biochemistry at the University of Oulu in Finland. [1]
Thomas Kietzmann studied medicine at the University of Greifswald in Germany and finished his studies in 1989 with the degree "Diplom-Mediziner". As a UNESCO International Training Research Fellow he was working from 1989 at the Institute for Genetics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Genetics in Szeged, Hungary. Two years later he obtained his doctorate at the University of Greifswald. He continued his research as a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Göttingen, qualified in 1996 as "Facharzt" (consultant) and obtained his habilitation in 2001 at the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Cellular Biology. He continued his research as a "Privatdozent" (assistant professor) and was promoted to full professor in 2004 at the University of Kaiserslautern. 2009 he moved to the Faculty for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine at the University of Oulu as professor for Cellular Biochemistry.
Kietzmann's research interests are based on topics such as oxygen sensing, hemostasis, oncology und cancer research, liver research (functions, metabolism, diet), oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS). He has contributed to the area of transcriptional regulation of the Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene by hypoxia and other mediators. He is leading research in a variety of national, international and EU projects and has been scientific advisor for multiple organisations, including the European Commission. Kietzmann received various academic awards and honours, including an award by the German Association of the Study of the Liver (GASL) and of the Austrian Society for Thrombose and Hemostasis Research (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung (GTH)). [2]
To date (March 2020) Kietzmann has published more than 150 scientific contributions in journals and books.
The endothelium is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Endothelial cells form the barrier between vessels and tissue and control the flow of substances and fluid into and out of a tissue.
In chemistry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen. Examples of ROS include peroxides, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, and alpha-oxygen.
Reperfusion injury, sometimes called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen. The absence of oxygen and nutrients from blood during the ischemic period creates a condition in which the restoration of circulation results in inflammation and oxidative damage through the induction of oxidative stress rather than restoration of normal function.
NADPH oxidase is a membrane-bound enzyme complex that faces the extracellular space. It can be found in the plasma membrane as well as in the membranes of phagosomes used by neutrophil white blood cells to engulf microorganisms. Human isoforms of the catalytic component of the complex include NOX1, NOX2, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1, and DUOX2.
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. Disturbances in the normal redox state of cells can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage all components of the cell, including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress from oxidative metabolism causes base damage, as well as strand breaks in DNA. Base damage is mostly indirect and caused by the reactive oxygen species generated, e.g., O2− (superoxide radical), OH (hydroxyl radical) and H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide). Further, some reactive oxidative species act as cellular messengers in redox signaling. Thus, oxidative stress can cause disruptions in normal mechanisms of cellular signaling.
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to decreases in available oxygen in the cellular environment, or hypoxia. They are only present in parahoxozoan animals.
Heme oxygenase, or haem oxygenase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of heme to produce biliverdin, ferrous ion, and carbon monoxide.
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, also known as HIF-1-alpha, is a subunit of a heterodimeric transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) that is encoded by the HIF1A gene. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 was awarded for the discovery of HIF.
Utpal Banerjee is a Distinguished Professor of the Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology at UCLA. He obtained his Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, India and obtained his Master of Science degree in Physical Chemistry from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. In 1984, he obtained a PhD in Chemistry from the California Institute of Technology where he was also a Postdoctoral Fellow in the laboratory of Seymour Benzer from 1984-1988.
Victor Darley-Usmar is a free-radical biologist and biochemist, the UAB Endowed Professor in Mitochondrial Medicine and Pathology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Darley-Usmar also contributed to a book titled Microbes, Bugs & Wonder Drugs, a science book written for young readers and their families.
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering reduction–oxidation (redox) signaling and antioxidant research. It covers topics such as reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) as messengers gaseous signal transducers, hypoxia and tissue oxygenation, microRNA, prokaryotic systems, and lessons from plant biology.
Sir Peter John Ratcliffe, FRS, FMedSci is a British Nobel Laureate physician-scientist who is trained as a nephrologist. He was a practising clinician at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford and Nuffield Professor of Clinical Medicine and head of the Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine at the University of Oxford from 2004 to 2016. He has been a Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford since 2004. In 2016 he became Clinical Research Director at the Francis Crick Institute, retaining a position at Oxford as member of the Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research and director of the Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford.
Kate Carroll is an American professor of chemistry, chemical biology, and biochemistry at Scripps Research in Jupiter, FL, since 2010. She was previously a tenure-track assistant professor at the University of Michigan.
A Light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domain is a protein sensor used by a large variety of higher plants, microalgae, fungi and bacteria to sense environmental conditions. In higher plants, they are used to control phototropism, chloroplast relocation, and stomatal opening, whereas in fungal organisms, they are used for adjusting the circadian temporal organization of the cells to the daily and seasonal periods. They are a subset of PAS domains.
Henry Jay Forman is both Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry at the University of California, Merced. and Research Professor Emeritus of Gerontology at the USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology. He is a specialist in free radical biology and chemistry, antioxidant defense, and pioneered work in redox signaling including the mechanisms of induced resistance to oxidative stress.
Vsevolod Tkachuk
Jacques Pouysségur is a French engineer and researcher. He was born on November 10, 1943 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne.
Barry Halliwell is an English biochemist, chemist and university administrator, specialising in free radical metabolism in both animals and plants. His name is included in the "Foyer–Halliwell–Asada" pathway, a cellular process of hydrogen peroxide metabolism in plants and animals, named for the three principal discoverers, with Christine Foyer and Kozi Asada. He moved to Singapore in 2000, and served as Deputy President of the National University of Singapore (2006–15), where he continues to hold a Tan Chin Tuan Centennial professorship.
Sónia Maria Campos Soares da Rocha, usually referred to as Professor Sónia Rocha, is a Portuguese cell biologist who holds a personal chair in biochemistry at the University of Liverpool, where she is the head of the Department of Biochemistry. Rocha runs an active multidisciplinary cell signaling research group studying hypoxia, and focused around transcription factors such as Hypoxia-inducible factors and NF-κB. Her laboratory is currently based in the Institute of Integrative Biology.
Helmut Sies is a German physician, biochemist and university professor. He was the first to demonstrate the existence of hydrogen peroxide as a normal attribute of aerobic life in 1970, and he introduced the concept of Oxidative stress in 1985. He also worked on the biological strategies of antioxidant defense and the biochemistry of nutritional antioxidants.