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The history of Antarctica emerges from early Western theories of a vast continent, known as Terra Australis, believed to exist in the far south of the globe. The term Antarctic, referring to the opposite of the Arctic Circle, was coined by Marinus of Tyre in the 2nd century AD.
The Weddell Sea is part of the Southern Ocean and contains the Weddell Gyre. Its land boundaries are defined by the bay formed from the coasts of Coats Land and the Antarctic Peninsula. The easternmost point is Cape Norvegia at Princess Martha Coast, Queen Maud Land. To the east of Cape Norvegia is the King Haakon VII Sea. Much of the southern part of the sea is covered by a permanent, massive ice shelf field, the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf.
Baron Adrien Victor Joseph de Gerlache de Gomery was a Belgian officer in the Belgian Royal Navy who led the Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–99.
Finn Ronne was a Norwegian-born U.S. citizen and Antarctic explorer.
USCGC Northwind (WAG/WAGB-282) was a Wind-class icebreaker, the second United States Coast Guard Cutter of her class to bear the name. She was built to replace USCGC Staten Island which was in Soviet lend-lease service.
The research ship had origins in the early voyages of exploration. By the time of James Cook's Endeavour, the essentials of what today we would call a research ship are clearly apparent. In 1766, the Royal Society hired Cook to travel to the Pacific Ocean to observe and record the transit of Venus across the Sun. The Endeavour was a sturdy boat, well designed and equipped for the ordeals she would face, and fitted out with facilities for her research personnel, Joseph Banks. And, as is common with contemporary research vessels, Endeavour carried out more than one kind of research, including comprehensive hydrographic survey work.
El-Sayed Glacier is a glacier about 15 nautical miles long which drains the northeast slopes of Zuncich Hill in Marie Byrd Land. It flows northeast to enter Land Glacier at the south side of Mount Shirley. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1959–65, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Sayed Z. El-Sayed, a United States Antarctic Research Program oceanographer on the International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions, 1967–68 and 1969–70.
The Weddell Gyre is one of the two gyres that exist within the Southern Ocean. The gyre is formed by interactions between the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and the Antarctic Continental Shelf. The gyre is located in the Weddell Sea, and rotates clockwise. South of the ACC and spreading northeast from the Antarctic Peninsula, the gyre is an extended large cyclone. Where the northeastern end ends at 30°E, which is marked by the southward turn of the ACC, the northern part of the gyre spreads over the Southern Scotia Sea and goes northward to the South Sandwich Arc. Axis of the gyre is over the southern flanks of the South Scotia, America-Antarctic, and Southwest Indian Ridges. In the southern part of the gyre, the westward return flow is about 66 sverdrup (Sv), while in the northern rim current, there is an eastward flow of 61 Sv.
USNS Eltanin (T-AK-270/T-AGOR-8) was an Eltanin-class cargo ship with an ice-breaking hull acquired by the U.S. Navy in 1957 and then operated by the Navy in a non-commissioned status, named after Eltanin, a star in the constellation Draco. Her designation was changed to that of an oceanographic research ship in 1962 when she operated in Antarctic waters.
The Instituto Antártico Argentino is the Argentine federal agency in charge of orientating, controlling, addressing and performing scientific and technical research and studies in the Antarctic.
Cline Glacier is a large glacier that drains the vicinity at the east side of Mount Jackson and flows generally southeast between Schirmacher Massif and Rowley Massif into the head of Odom Inlet, on the east side of Palmer Land. It was mapped by United States Geological Survey in 1974, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for David R. Cline, United States Antarctic Research Program biologist on the International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions in 1968 and 1969.
Kvinge Peninsula is a snow-covered peninsula at the north side of Palmer Inlet terminating in Cape Bryant, on the east coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey in 1974, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Thor Kvinge, a Norwegian oceanographer from the University of Bergen. Kvinge was employed by the Christian Michelsens Institutt and was a member of the International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions, 1968, 1969 and 1970.
Muus Glacier is a glacier entering the north side of Odom Inlet between Snyder Peninsula and Strømme Ridge, on the east coast of Palmer Land. Mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 1974. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for David Muus, United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) oceanographer aboard USCGC Northwind in the Ross Sea area, 1971–72, and a participant in the Weddell Sea Oceanographic Investigations aboard USCGC Glacier, 1974–75.
Strømme Ridge is a broad ice-covered ridge, 15 nautical miles (28 km) long, trending northwest–southeast between the Muus and Soto Glaciers. The ridge terminates at the north side of Odom Inlet on the east coast of Palmer Land. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey in 1974 and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Jan A. Strømme,a Norwegian oceanographer from the University of Bergen, a member of the International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions, 1968 and 1969.
Foster Peninsula is a high ice-covered peninsula between Palmer Inlet and Lamplugh Inlet on the east coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey in 1974, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Theodore D. Foster, a United States Antarctic Research Program oceanographer on the International Weddell Sea Expedition, 1969. He was party leader on Weddell Sea investigations, 1972–73 and 1974–75.
Siniff Bay is a bay 13 nautical miles (24 km) wide between Verleger Point and Melville Point, along the coast of Marie Byrd Land. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1959–65. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Donald B. Siniff, leader of a United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) party that studied population dynamics and behavior of Weddell seals in the McMurdo Sound area, 1971–72. He also worked in the McMurdo Station area the three preceding austral summers and participated in the International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expedition, 1967–68. Siniff continued to study Weddell seals in McMurdo Sound for many years with his last trip to the Antarctic in 2000. He is retired from the University of Minnesota and serves as a professor emeritus.
Rankin Glacier is a glacier about 12 nautical miles (22 km) long on the east side of Palmer Land. It flows southeast and then east along the south side of Schirmacher Massif to join the Cline Glacier just inland from the head of Odom Inlet. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 1974. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for John S. Rankin, United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) biologist on the International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions, 1968 and 1969.
The International Weddell Sea Oceanographic Expeditions or IWSOE are a series of scientific research expeditions to the Weddell Sea begun in 1967, involving cooperation among Norway, Canada, Chile and the United States.
Kvinge may refer to:
Robert Dale, known as Bob Dale, was an American aircraft pilot for the United States Navy from 1942 to 1966; and a pilot for the National Science Foundation from 1967 to 1975. For his efforts as a pilot in Antarctica, the Dale Glacier was named after him.
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